St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences The St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPIIRAS) () is a federal state budgetary institution of science located in St. Petersburg, Russia. It was founded on by a Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. The official foundation date is , according to a Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The main research fields of the institute are computer science, intelligent automation systems and information technologies. The Institute is located in the building of
20th-century music had earlier been called race music, and country music. See also rock musical and rock opera. 20th-century music During the 20th century there was a huge increase in the variety of music that people had access to. Prior to the invention of mass market gramophone records (developed in 1892) and radio broadcasting (first commercially done ca. 1919–20), people mainly listened to music at live Classical music concerts or musical theatre shows, which were too expensive for many lower-income people; on early phonograph players (a technology invented in 1877 which was not mass-marketed until the mid-1890s); or by individuals performing music