Instances of Insubordination in the PLA during the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. use lethal force. -Tiananmen Papers, Compiled by Zhang Liang (New York: PublicAffairs, 2001). - Quelling the people: The military suppression of the Beijing Democracy movement, Timothy Brook (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992). -The People's Republic of Amnesia, Louisa Lim (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014). -The People in the PLA, Roy Kamphausen, Andrew Scobell, Travis Tanner ed. (Carlisle: Strategic Studies Institute, 2008). - The aftermath of the 1989 Tiananmen Crisis in mainland China, Bih-Jaw Lin ed. (London: Westview Press, 1992). -"Tales of Army Discord show Tiananmen Square in New Light", Andrew Jacobs and Chris Buckley, 2014. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/03/world/asia/tiananmen-square-25-years-later-details-emerge-of-armys-chaos.html?_r=0 - The
1989 Tiananmen Square protests was initially seen as 'turning the tide' in favour of protesters, in reality mobilization took place across the country for a final assault. At the same time, internal divisions intensified within the student movement itself. By late May, the students became increasingly disorganized with no clear leadership or unified course of action. Moreover, Tiananmen Square was overcrowded and facing serious hygiene problems. Hou Dejian suggested an open election of the student leadership to speak for the movement, but was met with opposition. Meanwhile, Wang Dan moderated his position, ostensibly sensing the impending military action and consequences, and advocated for a