St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences The St. Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPIIRAS) () is a federal state budgetary institution of science located in St. Petersburg, Russia. It was founded on by a Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. The official foundation date is , according to a Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The main research fields of the institute are computer science, intelligent automation systems and information technologies. The Institute is located in the building of
20th-century art 20th-century art Twentieth-century art—and what it became as modern art—began with modernism in the late nineteenth century. Nineteenth-century movements of Post-Impressionism (Les Nabis), Art Nouveau and Symbolism led to the first twentieth-century art movements of Fauvism in France and Die Brücke ("The Bridge") in Germany. Fauvism in Paris introduced heightened non-representational colour into figurative painting. Die Brücke strove for emotional Expressionism. Another German group was Der Blaue Reiter ("The Blue Rider"), led by Kandinsky in Munich, who associated the "blue rider" image with a spiritual non-figurative mystical art of the future. Kandinsky, Kupka, R. Delaunay and Picabia were pioneers of