Jack London character is based on Hawaiian leper Kaluaikoolau, who in 1893 revolted and resisted capture from forces of the Provisional Government of Hawaii in the Kalalau Valley. An amateur boxer and avid boxing fan, London reported on the 1910 Johnson–Jeffries fight, in which the black boxer Jack Johnson vanquished Jim Jeffries, known as the "Great White Hope". In 1908, London had reported on an earlier fight of Johnson's, contrasting the black boxer's coolness and intellectual style, with the apelike appearance and fighting style of his Canadian opponent, Tommy Burns, 'what . . . [won] on Saturday was bigness, coolness, quickness, cleverness,
Great black-backed gull third year great black-backed gull. On the other hand, the slightly smaller pomarine jaeger ("S. pomarinus") has been observed to have been predated by great black-backed gulls. In Norway, great black-backed gulls have also been reported to fall prey to Eurasian eagle-owls ("Bubo bubo"). Killer whales ("Orcinus orca") and sharks also reportedly prey upon adult and juvenile birds at sea. In some biomes, where large eagles are absent the great black-backed gull may be considered the apex predator. Historically, the great black-backed gull was harvested for its feathers, which were used in the hat-making trade, and this species was extirpated