Josephites (20th century) Josephites (20th century) Josephites ( "Iosiflyane") so-called after the name of the Metropolitan Joseph (Petrovykh) of Petrograd – leader of resistance in Russian Orthodox Church. The resistance began after Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) issued formal declaration to all members of the Church, called for loyalty toward the Soviet government: “… "We need to prove it by not words but deeds that not only those indifferent to the Orthodoxy, not only its betrayers can be loyal citizens of the Soviet Union but also its most fervent adherents for whom it is as dear as the truth and life with all its dogmas
20th-century art 20th-century art Twentieth-century art—and what it became as modern art—began with modernism in the late nineteenth century. Nineteenth-century movements of Post-Impressionism (Les Nabis), Art Nouveau and Symbolism led to the first twentieth-century art movements of Fauvism in France and Die Brücke ("The Bridge") in Germany. Fauvism in Paris introduced heightened non-representational colour into figurative painting. Die Brücke strove for emotional Expressionism. Another German group was Der Blaue Reiter ("The Blue Rider"), led by Kandinsky in Munich, who associated the "blue rider" image with a spiritual non-figurative mystical art of the future. Kandinsky, Kupka, R. Delaunay and Picabia were pioneers of