Speaker of the United States House of Representatives by Minority Whip Newt Gingrich. Speaker Gingrich would regularly clash with Democratic President Bill Clinton, leading to the United States federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996, in which Clinton was largely seen to have prevailed. Gingrich's hold on the leadership was weakened significantly by that and several other controversies, and he faced a caucus revolt in 1997. After the Republicans lost House seats in 1998 (although retaining a majority) he did not stand for a third term as Speaker. His successor, Dennis Hastert, had been chosen as a compromise candidate, since the other Republicans in the leadership were more
Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives is based upon the Westminster parliamentary system. The Speaker presides over the House's debates, determining which members may speak; the Speaker is also responsible for maintaining order during debate, and may discipline members who break the rules of the House. Aside from duties relating to presiding over the House, the Speaker also performs administrative and procedural functions, and remains a Member of Parliament (MP). The Speaker's most visible role is that of presiding over the House when in session. The Speaker presides from the elevated 'Speaker's Chair' behind the Table in the debating chamber. This involves overseeing the order in