Duvalier dynasty three civilians as well as two military officials. This began a shaky period of transition to full democratic rule. Duvalier dynasty The Duvalier dynasty () was an authoritarian family dictatorship in Haiti that lasted almost twenty-nine years, from 1957 until 1986, spanning the rule of the father and son pair François Duvalier and Jean-Claude Duvalier. Direct elections, the first in Haiti's history, were held in October 1950, and Paul Magloire, an elite black Colonel in the military, was elected. Hurricane Hazel hit the island in 1954, which devastated the nation's infrastructure and economy. Hurricane relief was inadequately distributed and misspent,
Jean-Claude Gérard Jean-Claude Gérard Jean-Claude Gérard, a well-known flutist, studied flute at the Conservatoire National Supérieur de Musique in Paris with Marcel Moyse. He won several international competitions and began his career in Paris, playing with the Orchestre des Concerts Lamoureux and at the Opéra National de Paris. He moved to Germany in 1972. After his engagement as a solo flutist with the Philharmonic State Orchestra in Hamburg, he was a professor at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hannover from 1986 to 1989. Since 1989 he has been professor at the University of Music and performing Arts in Stuttgart. Apart from