Compulsory voting papers. Compulsory voting is increasingly resented by citizens in some countries such as Brazil, the largest country where compulsory voting is enforced: at the last presidential election in 2014, some 30 million voters, about 21% of registered voters, did not vote, despite the fact that Brazil has some of the most severe penalties enforced against non voters. A study of a Swiss canton where compulsory voting was enforced found that compulsory voting significantly increased electoral support for leftist policy positions in referenda by up to 20 percentage points. Another study found that the effects of universal turnout in the United
BMW M20 9.3:1 and power was reduced to for models without catalytic converters. Models with catalytic converters had a compression ratio of 8.8:1 and produced . Applications: The M20B27 was designed for efficiency (thus the "e" for the Greek letter "eta" in "325e") and low-rev torque. This is an unusual design strategy for a BMW straight-six engine, which are usually designed for power at high RPM. Compared with the M20B25, the stroke is increased from to , resulting in a capacity of 2.7 litres. As per the M20B25, the bore is . To reduce friction and improve efficiency, the M20B27 changes include