Anti-Duvalier protest movement the "Milice de Volontaires de la Sécurité Nationale" (Militia of National Security Volunteers). When Duvalier died in 1971, his son, Jean-Claude “Baby Doc” Duvalier took over (confirmed by the 1971 constitutional referendum) and the force continued throughout his regime and maintained the same violent presence. Widespread problems of starvation and unemployment soon grew rampant. On 23 May 1984, citizens in the city of Gonaïves began protests against Duvalier’s government calling it "Operation Déchoukaj," () which consequently led to police officers publicly beating a pregnant woman, who soon died. Activists’ listed grievances under Duvalier’s regime, including general brutality against civilians and
Jean-Claude Raphael on Judo Inside Jean Claude on SportsReference.com https://web.archive.org/web/20121112145643/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2000/JUD/mens-middleweight.html#final_standings::none#final_standings::none https://web.archive.org/web/20150530074006/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/jean-claude-raphael-1.html http://www.judoinside.com/judoka/3117/Jean_Claude_Raphael/judo-photos Jean-Claude Raphael Jean-Claude Raphael (born 5 March 1973) is a Mauritian judoka and the main coach at Kokoro Judo Coaching. Jean-Claude represented Mauritius at the Atlanta Olympic Games and achieved 9th at the Sydney Olympics in 2000. He is a Commonwealth Games Gold medalist, Indian Ocean Games Gold medalist, African Judo Championship Gold medalist and has competed internationally for many years before retiring from professional competition after the Sydney Olympic Games. (from Kokoro Judo / Our Story) Jean-Claude is the main coach at Kokoro Judo Coaching that he runs together