Duvalier dynasty Duvalier dynasty The Duvalier dynasty () was an authoritarian family dictatorship in Haiti that lasted almost twenty-nine years, from 1957 until 1986, spanning the rule of the father and son pair François Duvalier and Jean-Claude Duvalier. Direct elections, the first in Haiti's history, were held in October 1950, and Paul Magloire, an elite black Colonel in the military, was elected. Hurricane Hazel hit the island in 1954, which devastated the nation's infrastructure and economy. Hurricane relief was inadequately distributed and misspent, and Magloire jailed opponents and shut down newspapers. After refusing to step down after his term ended, a general
Jean-Claude Touche Jean-Claude Touche Jean-Claude Touche (7 August 1926 – 29 August 1944) was a French musician, organist and composer. Jean-Claude Touche was born in Paris. His father, Firmin Touche, was concertmaster of the Concerts Colonne and academic at the Conservatoire de Paris. In 1941, he entered the Conservatoire de Paris where Henri Rabaud had just given way to Claude Delvincourt. He attended the classes of Maurice Duruflé and Marcel Dupré. He won a first prize in organ in 1944, three months before his death. During his very short existence, he composed some quality works: "Thème et variations sur Veni creator" and