Anti-Duvalier protest movement Anti-Duvalier protest movement The Anti-Duvalier protest movement was a series of demonstrations in Haiti from 23 May 1984 – 7 February 1986, that led to the overthrow of President Jean-Claude Duvalier and the Duvalier dynasty regime. Francois “Papa Doc” Duvalier was elected to presidency in the 1957 general election, and he declared himself “President for life” following the 1964 constitutional referendum. In the aftermath of the 1958 coup d'état attempt, to keep the populace subservient, Papa Doc created a paramilitary force called the Tonton Macoutes (), notorious of its use of violence and intimidation. In 1970, the force was renamed
Jean-Claude Fohrenbach Jean-Claude Fohrenbach Jean-Claude Fohrenbach (January 5, 1925, Paris - March 30, 2009, Villiers-le-Duc) was a French jazz saxophonist. Fohrenbach learned clarinet, piano, tenor saxophone, and violin as a child, concentrating on tenor sax once he began playing full-time in the mid-1940s. Early in his career he played with Eddie Bernard and Django Reinhardt before landing a regular gig at the Club Saint-Germain in Paris as the leader of a seven-piece ensemble from 1949 to 1951. After this residency he worked with Claude Bolling, Jack Diéval, Jonah Jones, and Martial Solal in the early and mid-1950s. In the 1960s he performed