Compulsory voting , 22 countries were recorded as having compulsory voting. Of these, only 10 countries (additionally one Swiss canton and one Indian state) enforce it. Of the 30 member states of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 10 had forms of compulsory voting. These are the countries and sub-national entities that enforce compulsory voting: Countries that have compulsory voting by law but do not enforce it: Although voting in a country may be compulsory, penalties for failing to vote are not always strictly enforced. In Australia and Brazil, providing a legitimate reason for not voting (such as illness) is accepted.
Catalytic heater traditionally used naphtha-type liquid fuel exclusively. Certain safety measures should be taken when using a catalytic heater. Catalytic heaters should be installed properly to prevent fuel leakage, in areas with good ventilation and away from combustibles. Catalytic heater A catalytic heater is a type of heater which relies on catalyzed chemical reactions to break down molecules and produce heat. Catalytic heaters can be used wherever heat is required, producing heat at a lower, more controlled rate than unconstrained combustion. Examples of smaller and larger heaters are soldering irons, hand warmers (such as the Jon-E or Zippo) and space-heating appliances. Current