Anti-Duvalier protest movement Anti-Duvalier protest movement The Anti-Duvalier protest movement was a series of demonstrations in Haiti from 23 May 1984 – 7 February 1986, that led to the overthrow of President Jean-Claude Duvalier and the Duvalier dynasty regime. Francois “Papa Doc” Duvalier was elected to presidency in the 1957 general election, and he declared himself “President for life” following the 1964 constitutional referendum. In the aftermath of the 1958 coup d'état attempt, to keep the populace subservient, Papa Doc created a paramilitary force called the Tonton Macoutes (), notorious of its use of violence and intimidation. In 1970, the force was renamed
Jean-Claude Lutanie Jean-Claude Lutanie Jean-Claude Lutanie is a French writer. Jean-Claude Lutanie was born in Poitiers, France in 1951. In the 1970s and 80s, he entered into social protest and contestation, but early on, broke off from any movement in particular. In 1981, he publishes "Protestation devant les libertaires du présent et du futur sur les capitulations de 1980" anonymously, followed by "Une lecture paranoïaque-critique de" La Maison Tellier "(Guy de Maupassant)" in 1993. Lutanie’s university research focused on the work of Jean-Pierre Brisset. He taught French in Tebessa, Algeria, from 1985 to 1987, before teaching as Professor of Literature and History