Track and field today—it comprised a five-event competition of the long jump, javelin throw, discus throw, stadion footrace, and wrestling. Track and field events were also present at the Panhellenic Games in Greece around this period, and they spread to Rome in Italy around 200 BC. After the period of Classical antiquity (in which the sport was largely Greco-Roman influenced) new track and field events began developing in parts of Northern Europe in the Middle Ages. The stone put and weight throw competitions popular among Celtic societies in Ireland and Scotland were precursors to the modern shot put and hammer throw events. One
Track and field official the National Governing Body (see below). Track and field official Track and field athletics officials or track and field athletics technical officials are referees responsible for judging the various events within track and field. They can be sub-divided into four main groups: field judges, track judges, timekeepers, and starters. While most are versatile over the course of a season, they are given specific assignments to focus on during the course of a meet. At a high level meet there might be, for example; an official to call the athletes and record their results, one or more officials to watch the