Compulsory voting , 22 countries were recorded as having compulsory voting. Of these, only 10 countries (additionally one Swiss canton and one Indian state) enforce it. Of the 30 member states of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 10 had forms of compulsory voting. These are the countries and sub-national entities that enforce compulsory voting: Countries that have compulsory voting by law but do not enforce it: Although voting in a country may be compulsory, penalties for failing to vote are not always strictly enforced. In Australia and Brazil, providing a legitimate reason for not voting (such as illness) is accepted.
Monolith (catalyst support) that deposits oxides and catalyst(s) (most commonly platinum, palladium, and/or rhodium) on the walls of the holes. Alternative structures include corrugated metal and a packed bed of coated pellets or other shapes. Monolith (catalyst support) Monolithic catalyst supports are extruded structures that are the core of many catalytic converters, most diesel particulate filters, and some catalytic reactors. Most catalytic converters are used for vehicle emissions control. Stationary catalytic converters can reduce air pollution from fossil fuel power stations. Monoliths for automotive catalytic converters are made of a ceramic that contains a large proportion of synthetic cordierite, 2MgO•2AlO•5SiO, which has a