Horn of Africa (Ethiopia: 96.6 million, Somalia: 10.4 million, Eritrea: 6.4 million, and Djibouti: 0.81 million). Regional studies on the Horn of Africa are carried out, among others, in the fields of Ethiopian Studies as well as Somali Studies. This peninsula is known by various names. In ancient and medieval times, the Horn of Africa was referred to as the "Bilad al Barbar" ("Land of the Berbers"). It is also known as the "Somali peninsula", or in the Somali language, "Geeska Afrika", "Jasiiradda Soomaali" or "Gacandhulka Soomaali". In other languages that are local or adjacent to the Horn of Africa, it is known
Horn of Africa Suez canal in 1869, when European powers scrambled for territory in Africa and tried to establish coaling stations for their ships, Italy invaded and occupied Eritrea. On January 1, 1890, Eritrea officially became a colony of Italy. In 1896 further Italian incursion into the horn was decisively halted by Ethiopian forces. By 1936 however, Eritrea became a province of Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana), along with Ethiopia and Italian Somaliland. By 1941, Eritrea had about 760,000 inhabitants, including 70,000 Italians. The Commonwealth armed forces, along with the Ethiopian patriotic resistance, expelled those of Italy in 1941, and took over