History of submarines few years before the US, and paralleled subsequent US development in this area. In the 1950s, nuclear power partially replaced diesel-electric propulsion. The sailing of the first nuclear-powered submarine, the USN ""Nautilus"" in 1955 was soon followed by similar British, French and Russian boats. Equipment was also developed to extract oxygen from sea water. These two innovations, together with inertial navigation systems, gave submarines the ability to remain submerged for weeks or months, and enabled previously impossible voyages such as the crossing of the North Pole beneath the Arctic ice cap by the USS "Nautilus" in 1958. Most of the
Ice Bound: A Woman's Survival at the South Pole where she is able to seek full medical attention to treat her cancer. Directed by Roger Spottiswoode, "Ice Bound: A Woman's Survival at the South Pole" was filmed on location near Ontario's frozen Lake Simcoe. 2004 Golden Reel Award for Best Sound Editing in Television Long Form—Sound Effects and Foley Ice Bound: A Woman's Survival at the South Pole Ice Bound: A Woman's Survival at the South Pole is a 2003 CBS television movie starring Susan Sarandon as Dr. Jerri Nielsen in the true story of the cancer-stricken physician stranded at a South Pole research station who, under dangerous circumstances,