History of Poland (1945–1989) of Brezhnev, there could be no peaceful resolution to the situation that developed. The Soviets now expressed a preference for the conflict to be resolved by the Polish authorities, but Poland, according to Karol Modzelewski, was lucky to avoid a carnage of foreign intervention. Others, including the historian Antoni Dudek, feel that there was no sufficient justification for the imposition of martial law that followed. On 13 December 1981, claiming that the country was on the verge of economic and civil breakdown and alleging a danger of Soviet intervention, General Wojciech Jaruzelski began a crack-down on Solidarity. Martial law was
Marital rape immunity in Singapore contrary to human rights as a recognised form of violence against women in the DEVAW. Article 2 of the CEDAW, which Singapore has ratified, ‘condemns discrimination against woman in all its forms’. Further, Article 16 of the CEDAW requires state parties “to eliminate discrimination against woman in all matters relating to marriage and family relations” to ensure equality between men and women. The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW Committee) in their General Recommendation 19 has also identified family violence, including marital rape, as a form of discrimination under Article 16. It has also been suggested that