History of Poland (1945–1989) of Brezhnev, there could be no peaceful resolution to the situation that developed. The Soviets now expressed a preference for the conflict to be resolved by the Polish authorities, but Poland, according to Karol Modzelewski, was lucky to avoid a carnage of foreign intervention. Others, including the historian Antoni Dudek, feel that there was no sufficient justification for the imposition of martial law that followed. On 13 December 1981, claiming that the country was on the verge of economic and civil breakdown and alleging a danger of Soviet intervention, General Wojciech Jaruzelski began a crack-down on Solidarity. Martial law was
Marital rape immunity in Singapore enshrined in the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CAT), is said to encompass the right to be free from domestic violence and rape (including marital rape). Singapore has not ratified the CAT and thus is not legally bound to give effect to the Convention’s prohibition against torture in its domestic laws. It has been suggested that legal immunities to marital rape infringes the right to security of the person, which is protected by Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) as well as Article 9 of the International Covenant on