History of the camera shutter. The very first shutters were separate accessories, though built-in shutters were common by the end of the 19th century. The use of photographic film was pioneered by George Eastman, who started manufacturing paper film in 1885 before switching to celluloid in 1888-1889. His first camera, which he called the "Kodak," was first offered for sale in 1888. It was a very simple box camera with a fixed-focus lens and single shutter speed, which along with its relatively low price appealed to the average consumer. The Kodak came pre-loaded with enough film for 100 exposures and needed to be sent
Cine-Kodak Cine-Kodak The Cine-Kodak was the first 16mm camera, introduced in 1923. It was a leather covered rectangular cast aluminum box approximately 8.5" by 5" by 3", and was cranked by hand at two turns per second to achieve the necessary 16 frames per second. Hand turning meant that a tripod was essential while allowing varying speeds and single frames to be taken. Accessories such as lenses and a motor attachment became available later. In 1925, Kodak followed up with a spring motor-driven Cine-Kodak Model B, at which time the original Cine-Kodak was re-designated as Model A. Production of Models A