National Liberation Movement (Upper Volta) National Liberation Movement (Upper Volta) The National Liberation Movement (, MLN) was a political party in Burkina Faso. The party was originally established by Joseph Ki-Zerbo in Dakar in Senegal in August 1958. Ki-Zerbo founded the party in order to campaign for a "no" vote in the constitutional referendum in September. After 99% of voters voted for the new constitution, Ki Zerbo moved to Guinea, the only country to oppose the constitution and subsequently become independent. In 1970 Ki-Zerbo re-established the party to run in the parliamentary elections that year. It received 11% of the vote and won 6 of
Alessandro Volta an early electric battery, which produced a steady electric current. Volta had determined that the most effective pair of dissimilar metals to produce electricity was zinc and copper. Initially he experimented with individual cells in series, each cell being a wine goblet filled with brine into which the two dissimilar electrodes were dipped. The voltaic pile replaced the goblets with cardboard soaked in brine. In announcing his discovery of the voltaic pile, Volta paid tribute to the influences of William Nicholson, Tiberius Cavallo, and Abraham Bennet. The battery made by Volta is credited as one of the first electrochemical cells.