November-class submarine Komsomol" was first underway under nuclear power on 4 July 1958 and became also the first Soviet submarine to reach the North Pole in July 1962, 4 years after the USS "Nautilus". Project 627 had much better performance specifications (for example, submerged speed and depth) than the world's first operational nuclear-powered submarine USS "Nautilus". The first commander of "K-3" was Captain 1st Rank L.G. Osipenko (future admiral and Hero of the Soviet Union). All other Novembers except "K-3" belonged to modified project – project 627A. The main visual differences of project 627A were a bow sonar dome in the keel
The Sea of Ice 1824 expeditions to the North Pole. The two titles originally referred to the present work and another older work by Friedrich, now missing. The lost painting was shown in 1822 at the Dresden Academy exhibition under the title "A Wrecked Ship off the Coast of Greenland in the Moonlight. Own Invention". The present painting was first shown in 1824 at the Prague Academy exhibition under the title "An Idealized Scene of an Arctic Sea, with a Wrecked Ship on the Heaped Masses of Ice". In Friedrich's estate this work was described as "Ice Picture. The Disaster-stricken North Pole Expedition". The