This age of new ideas, called the ‘Enlightenment’, led to revolutions in some countries – for example the French revolutionof 1789, when the king and queen andmany of the nobles werebeheaded.
Arweiniodd yr oes hon o syniadau newydd, sy’n cael ei galw’n ‘Oesy Goleuo’, at chwyldroadau mewn rhai gwledydd – er enghraifft,Chwyldro Ffrengig 1789, pan gafodd pennau’r brenin a’r frenhinesa llawer o bobl fonheddig eu torri.