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Breakaway torque is the rotating force required to break the head loose, going in the same direction as applied-tightening. This will usually give a value HIGHER than the original tightening torque because dynamic (when the bolt was tightened) is lower than static (when you try to break loose the bolt head). This is how it is defined by torque testing standards. If the breakaway is measured in reverse (loosening), you will usually get even higher readings because the bolt head generally digs in and forms small burrs and indents THAT ARE DIRECTIONAL-like a ratchet. It is incorrect to check breakaway by loosening.
Torque demand, expressed in foot-pounds, is the result of force (line pull) x radius (distance from the drum axis to the outer layer of wire rope). If the line pull remains the same, and the number of layers on the drum increases, the torque required to lift the load (torque demand) increases. For example, assume the line pull resulting from a load on the hook is 16,000 pounds. The radius to the first layer of wire rope is 25-l/2â³ -:- 2, or 12-3/4â³. Torque required to rotate the drum, equals 17,000 foot pounds (i.e., 16,000 x 12.75 -:- 12).