In the beef cattle diet, common roughages include hay, silage and grass. Silage is a crop that has been preserved in a moist, succulent condition by partial fermentation in a tight container (silo) above or below ground. The majority of the food cattle eat comes from this type of feedstuffs.
Birds (some dinosaurs) and mammals have a four-chambered heart. The ventricle is divided by a septum into two compartments completely separating oxygenated from deoxygenated blood and delivering the maximum amount of oxygen to the head and body at the most efficient pressure.
The heart does not pump all the blood out of the ventricle. Normally, only about two-thirds of the blood in the ventricle is put out with each beat. What blood is actually pumped from the left ventricle is the stroke volume and it, together with the heart rate, determines the cardiac output. It is known as stroke volume. <br /> <br /> Stroke volume (SV) is the volume of blood pumped by the right/left ventricle of the heart in one contraction.