In terms of differences, eukaryotic cells are much larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. On average, a typical eukaryotic cell is about 1,000 X larger in volume than a typical prokaryotic cell.
This means both drugs (amoxicillin and penicillin) can treat a wide variety of infections. However, unlike amoxicillin and penicillin, the routinely prescribed drug, metronidazole, has a more selective action towards anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria are the ones causing the signs and symptoms of bacterial vaginosis.
Photo Credit Chepko/iStock/Getty Images. Penicillin is a prescription antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Ampicillin, amoxicillin and benzylpenicilllin are next-generation antibiotics, and are more commonly used today. When the immune system is weak and unable to fight infection, antibiotics are prescribed. You may also want to try certain supplements that have been shown to strengthen the immune system.