In women, premature delivery, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM),4 obesity, Cesarean section and endocrine disturbances can either delay or suppress lactogenesis II and affect the successful establishment of lactation (18).
third spacing is a shift of fluid into the interstitial spaces--where there is little fluid normally perfusing. this patient differs from the pt with generalized edema because the third spacing is just that... all the fluid has shifted from the other compartments and although they look all puffy and full of fluid, they are actually hypovolemic.
Surface tension and viscosity are two interesting properties of fluids which are related to the cohesion of the molecules in the fluid. Viscosity is the resistance of a substance to flow (1) and surface tension is a property of liquids such that their surfaces behave like a thin, elastic film (1). Surface tension is created by the inward pulling force exerted on the surface of a fluid (2).