Have a question about your policy, bill or claim? Need to send us a form or payment? At UFG, weâre available to respond to your requests and inquiries, no matter how you prefer to reach usâby phone, mail or email. We also understand that when dealing with a complex issue, thereâs no substitute for a real person, so get in touch with us today!
1 Covariation: Changes in the assumed cause (X) are related to changes in the assumed effect (Y). Changing X results in a predictable change in Y.  Temporal Precedence: The assumed cause must occur before the asssumed effect.
Research designs and methods. A Research Design provides a framework for the collection and analysis of data. Choice of research design reflects decisions about priorities given to the dimensions of the research process. Key concept 3.1. Page 46. A Research Method is simply a technique for collecting data. Choice of research method reflects decisions about the type of instruments or techniques to be used.