Product Development and Drug Testing. To predict toxicity, corrosivity, and other safety variables as well as the effectiveness of new products, traditional testing of chemicals, consumer products, medical devices, and new drugs has involved the use of animals.r. Gerhard Zbinden, one of the world's leading toxicologists, once described a standard in vivo test as little more than âa ritual mass execution of animals.â The testing of just one substance alone, be it a potential drug or toxic chemical, can involve using up to 800 animals and cost over $6 million. [1].
Paleness should be distinguished from other causes of prominent white skin 1  : Fair skin is genetically determined skin hue with low concentration of skin pigment (melanin) in the skin.
Skin pigmentation disorders occur as a result of the body producing either too much or too little melanin. Skin pigmentation creates a darker or lighter skin tone that may be blotchy and uneven.Causes of skin pigmentation can range from auto immune conditions to drug reactions or genetic inheritance.ormonal therapy, childbirth or birth control pills can cause skin pigmentation changes. Many people suffer from skin pigmentation problems as a result of locally increased skin pigment production. They appear as age spots, moles, liver spots or hyper pigmentation after local skin damage.