Established veterans advise up-and-coming project managers on how to make the jump to program manager. For many project managers, the next move in their careers is the step up to program manager. Yet many practitioners lack a true understanding of the role and the skills required to make the transition.
Cocaine and opium were legal during the 19th century, and were favored drugs among the middle and upper classes. Cocaine became illegal after it became associated with African Americans following Reconstruction. Opium was first restricted in California in 1875 when it became associated with Chinese immigrant workers. Marijuana was legal until the 1930s when it became associated with Mexicans. LSD, legal in the 1950s, became illegal in 1967 when it became associated with the counterculture. By the end of the 19th century concern had grown over the indiscriminate use of these drugs, especially the addicting patent medicines.
Background to the poem. Betjeman imagines the moment when the dramatist, writer and flamboyant wit Oscar Wilde is arrested by police on 6 April 1895. Wilde was charged with gross indecency and, at a time when homosexuality was illegal, he was sentenced to two yearsâ hard labour. The prison regime was brutal and, although he was released in 1897, he died three years later in exile in France.