In terms of differences, eukaryotic cells are much larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. On average, a typical eukaryotic cell is about 1,000 X larger in volume than a typical prokaryotic cell.
This means both drugs (amoxicillin and penicillin) can treat a wide variety of infections. However, unlike amoxicillin and penicillin, the routinely prescribed drug, metronidazole, has a more selective action towards anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria are the ones causing the signs and symptoms of bacterial vaginosis.
Penicillin and clindamycin are both effective in the treatment of orofacial infections 3. Odontogenic infections. Penicillin is effective as clindamycin in treating odontogenic infection when the level of penicillin resistance among anaerobic bacteria is low 1.