Muhammad died in 632 AD**. After his death, the Muslims were led by a series of Caliphs (Islamic leaders) know as the Rashidun (rightly guided) Caliphs. These men were the closest of Muhammad's companions. The policy of the Rashidun Caliphs was to continue Muhammad's aggressive territorial expansion.
Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes retaining traditional social institutions. A person who follows the philosophies of conservatism is referred to as a traditionalist or conservative.
As a popular political movement, conservatism is more specific regarding a host of specific political issues that include (among other things) the pro-life movement, judicial restraint, welfare reform, immigration reform and the sanctity of marriage (specifically the opposition to gay marriage).