Silicosis is a fibronodular lung disease caused by inhalation of dust containing crystalline silica (alpha-quartz or silicon dioxide), which is distributed widely, or its polymorphs (tridymite or cristobalite), which are distributed less widely.ilicosis is a fibronodular lung disease caused by inhalation of dust containing crystalline silica (alpha-quartz or silicon dioxide), which is distributed widely, or its polymorphs (tridymite or cristobalite), which are distributed less widely.
A phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds.Phosphodiester bonds are central to all life on Earth, as they make up the backbone of the strands of nucleic acid. phosphodiester bond occurs when exactly two of the hydroxyl groups in phosphoric acid react with hydroxyl groups on other molecules to form two ester bonds. Phosphodiester bonds are central to all life on Earth, as they make up the backbone of the strands of nucleic acid.
Phosphating is a chemical conversion coating that transforms the surface of the basis metal into a non-metallic crystalline coating. The reaction occurs in an acidic solution containing phosphate ions. Loss of hydrogen at the metal/solution interface results in a localized rise in pH and subsequent precipitation of the coating.