Product Development and Drug Testing. To predict toxicity, corrosivity, and other safety variables as well as the effectiveness of new products, traditional testing of chemicals, consumer products, medical devices, and new drugs has involved the use of animals.r. Gerhard Zbinden, one of the world's leading toxicologists, once described a standard in vivo test as little more than âa ritual mass execution of animals.â The testing of just one substance alone, be it a potential drug or toxic chemical, can involve using up to 800 animals and cost over $6 million. [1].
Paleness should be distinguished from other causes of prominent white skin 1  : Fair skin is genetically determined skin hue with low concentration of skin pigment (melanin) in the skin.
Vitiligo is pigment loss due to the bodyâs immune system attacking pigment cells (melanocytes). Other associated immune system diseases include diabetes, pernicious anemia, thyroid disease, and Addisonâs disease. Vitiligo causes smooth, white skin patches, usually around the mouth and eyes, or on the back of the hands.lbinism. Albinism, an inherited disorder, is caused by the absence of the pigment melanin and results in no pigmentation in skin, hair, or eyes. Albinos have an abnormal gene, which restricts melanin production.