Since summer (and other seasons) can begin and end on different days each year on the astronomical calendar, it can be hard to compare seasons from year to year in this way. To standardize the length and start of the seasons, in meteorology, the 12 months of the year have been split up into four, 3-month periods. Therefore, in the meteorological calendar, summer includes the months of June, July and August - always starting on 1 June and ending on 31 August.
NADPH or NADP plus stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate. NADPH is created in the Stoma on the duration of light reactions accumulation. NADPH or NADP plus stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate. NADPH is created in the Stoma on the duration of light reactions accumulation.
FADH2 and NADH are created from FAD and NAD+ through redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions in the Krebs cycle during respiration as seen below here: This cycle gives off small amounts of energy in the form of ATP (adenonsine triphosphate, cell energy) and produces these compounds, FADH2 and NADH.