Speaking roughly, normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are in the range of 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L. However, each laboratory and test manufacturer identifies its own normal TSH range.
This pressure is typically set slightly higher than atmospheric pressure to prevent atelectasis, decrease inspiratory work of breathing, or improve gas exchange depending on the clinical scenario. This positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is generated by a resistor in the exhalation port of the ventilator (Fig. 2).
Patients that require PEEP while breathing spontaneously require a CPAP generator. BiPAP refers to maintaining constant airway pressure during both inspiration and expiration. This is a variant of Pressure Control ventilation in which the patient can breathe in and out during any phase of respiration.