There are a number of potential causes of Hornerâs syndrome, each affecting a different place in the sympathetic chain: 1  First order neuron lesion: brainstem stroke. 2  Second order neuron lesion: apical lung tumor, neck trauma, other. 3  Third order neuron lesion: orbital trauma or inflammation, carotid dissection, other.
In very severe cases where the patella keeps dislocating, the attachment of the patellar tendon may also have to be moved. Once the surgery heals, the patella will track up and down in the patellar groove, reducing pressure on the articular cartilage. 1  Knee Pain: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments.
1 This fluid may fluctuate in amount and the symptoms may come and go. This is the most common type of swelling and often seen as a result of knee arthritis or wear-and-tear.  Knee arthritis causes the body to produce extra fluid in the knee joint. The amount of fluid tends to fluctuate over time.