The study of ADRs is the concern of the field known as pharmacovigilance. An adverse drug event (ADE) refers to any injury occurring at the time a drug is used, whether or not it is identified as a cause of the injury. An ADR is a special type of ADE in which a causative relationship can be shown.
In 2010 a virtual Whoâs Who of conservative economists and pundits sent an open letter to Ben Bernanke warning that his policies risked âcurrency debasement and inflation.â Prominent politicians like Representative Paul Ryan joined the chorus.
Chuck Hagel. Charles Timothy Chuck Hagel (/ËtÊÊk ËheÉªÉ¡Él/ CHUK HAY-gÉl; born October 4, 1946) is an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Nebraska from 1997 to 2009 and as the 24th United States Secretary of Defense from 2013 to 2015 in the Obama administration.