Since chest tubes have been routinely used to drain the pleural space, particularly after lung surgery, the management of chest tubes is considered to be essential for the thoracic surgeon. The pleural drainage system requires effective drainage, suction, and water-sealing.
1 The Passport Card can be used on cruises to the Caribbean and Bermuda, in addition to land border crossings to Canada and Mexico.  The US State Department started accepting applications for the Passport Card on February 1st, 2008.
The first US Passport card was issued on July 14, 2008. The passport card was created when it became necessary to use a passport for travel to and from US border communities. The passport card is good only for land and sea travel from border crossings and sea ports-of-entry into the United States from Mexico, Canada Bermuda and the Caribbean.