Speaking roughly, normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are in the range of 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L. However, each laboratory and test manufacturer identifies its own normal TSH range.
This pressure is typically set slightly higher than atmospheric pressure to prevent atelectasis, decrease inspiratory work of breathing, or improve gas exchange depending on the clinical scenario. This positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is generated by a resistor in the exhalation port of the ventilator (Fig. 2).
Tidal volume and respiratory rate are commonly used to set pressure-support ventilation. A reasonable level of inspiratory effort is an inspiratory pressure-time product (PTP) < 125 cmH2O.sec/minute. Pressure time product could be measured using the simultaneous recording of flow, volume and esophageal pressure.