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PHY is an abbreviation for the physical layer of the OSI model and refers to the circuitry required to implement physical layer functions. A PHY connects a link layer device (often called MAC as an abbreviation for media access control) to a physical medium such as an optical fiber or copper cable.
A physiologist is a person who has received formal training in physiology, which is the study of how plants, animals, and cells function on a biological level. The field is very broad and people can choose to specialize in many different areas. As applied to humans, the field is usually really closely related to medicine.