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Mastoiditis is a serious bacterial infection that affects the mastoid bone behind the ear. It's usually more common in children, although adults can also sometimes be affected. The mastoid bone has a honeycomb-like structure that contains air spaces called mastoid cells.
Mastoiditis is a bacterial infection of the mastoid air cells surrounding the inner and middle ear. The mastoid bone, which is full of these air cells, is part of the temporal bone of the skull. The mastoid air cells are thought to protect the delicate structures of the ear, regulate ear pressure and possibly protect the temporal bone during trauma. When the mastoid cells become infected or inflamed, often as a result of an unresolved middle ear infection (otitis media), mastoiditis can develop.