There are a number of potential causes of Hornerâs syndrome, each affecting a different place in the sympathetic chain: 1  First order neuron lesion: brainstem stroke. 2  Second order neuron lesion: apical lung tumor, neck trauma, other. 3  Third order neuron lesion: orbital trauma or inflammation, carotid dissection, other.
In very severe cases where the patella keeps dislocating, the attachment of the patellar tendon may also have to be moved. Once the surgery heals, the patella will track up and down in the patellar groove, reducing pressure on the articular cartilage. 1  Knee Pain: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments.
An examination of the knee is done, including the patella to find out the source of your pain and to find the position of your patella. You may be examined standing, sitting and lying down. Muscle strength will also be tested for muscle imbalance that can affect tracking of the patella. very common knee problem is when the patella moves as the knee bends or straightens. This happens because of a muscle or structural imbalance. Normally the patella moves along a path controlled by the quadriceps muscle.