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The Italian legal system is that of a civil law State, governed by codified law. Membership in the European Union has resulted in the implementation of a system of ratification set out in Law No.183 1997, on the coordination of enforcement of EU legislation in the Italian national legal system.taly's system of government is that of a parliamentary republic. The Republic of Italy was formed upon the abolition of the monarchy by way of popular referendum on June 2, 1946. The Constitution of Italy was adopted on 22 December 1947. Power is divided between the executive, the legislative and judicial branches.
Roman law developed the division between public law, in which the state is directly involved, such as with issues of treason and taxation, and private law, concerned with disputes between people, such as over contracts. This system was the basis for what is now known in the West as Civil law. Roman law also influenced the development of private international law. Romans had indictments and jury trials, similar to today's practices. Many defense techniques currently employed can also be traced back to Roman procedures.