Since chest tubes have been routinely used to drain the pleural space, particularly after lung surgery, the management of chest tubes is considered to be essential for the thoracic surgeon. The pleural drainage system requires effective drainage, suction, and water-sealing.
1 The Passport Card can be used on cruises to the Caribbean and Bermuda, in addition to land border crossings to Canada and Mexico.  The US State Department started accepting applications for the Passport Card on February 1st, 2008.
The passport card (previously known as the People Access Security Service Card, or PASS Card) is an alternative to a passport produced in the United States to meet the documentary requirements of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative.