There are a number of potential causes of Hornerâs syndrome, each affecting a different place in the sympathetic chain: 1  First order neuron lesion: brainstem stroke. 2  Second order neuron lesion: apical lung tumor, neck trauma, other. 3  Third order neuron lesion: orbital trauma or inflammation, carotid dissection, other.
In very severe cases where the patella keeps dislocating, the attachment of the patellar tendon may also have to be moved. Once the surgery heals, the patella will track up and down in the patellar groove, reducing pressure on the articular cartilage. 1  Knee Pain: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments.
Often after an acute injury of the knee the quadriceps muscle will not contract, which is called âquad inhibition.â. Inability to straighten the leg. Athletes with acute patellar injuries may find that they cannot flex the knee joint fully or straighten the leg. This may be exacerbated by swelling of the knee.