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Mastoiditis is a serious bacterial infection that affects the mastoid bone behind the ear. It's usually more common in children, although adults can also sometimes be affected. The mastoid bone has a honeycomb-like structure that contains air spaces called mastoid cells.
As mentioned above, mastoiditis most often develops as a result of a middle ear infection. Bacteria from the middle ear can travel into the air cells of the mastoid bone. In addition, a type of skin cyst in the middle ear, called a cholesteatoma, may block drainage of the ear, leading to mastoiditis.astoiditis is a bacterial infection of the mastoid bone. The mastoid bone, which sits behind the ear, consists of air spaces that help drain the middle ear.