Another passive process is osmosis. This is the process by which water crosses a cell membrane either into or out of the cell, but always into the solution that has the higher total concentration of solutes. Dr Aziz.
The flying buttress is the defining external characteristic of gothic architecture. These buttresses act to spread the weight of the tall walls. They support the structure by transferring force directly to the ground. The flying buttress was not just practical, though.
Flying buttresses at Notre Dame Cathedral, giving masonry support to the walls of the nave. Notre Dame Cathedral seen from the east. Notice the flying buttresses circling and supporting the apse. Terminology For a guide, see: Architecture Glossary.