For adults, a normal resting rate is 60 to 100 beats per minute. Athletes may have a rate as low as 40 bpm because their hearts are trained to efficiently pump blood. If your heart rate is consistently below 60 or above 100, you may have a heart condition, such as arrhythmia.
Integrating Factor. An integrating factor is a function by which an ordinary differential equation can be multiplied in order to make it integrable. For example, a linear first-order ordinary differential equation of type.
Factor analysis is a statistical method used to describe variability among observed, correlated variables in terms of a potentially lower number of unobserved variables called factors. For example, it is possible that variations in four observed variables mainly reflect the variations in two unobserved variables.actor loadings: The factor loadings, also called component loadings in PCA (not sure in Factor Analysis), are the correlation coefficients between the cases (rows) and factors (columns). Analogous to Pearson's r, the squared factor loading is the percent of variance in that indicator variable explained by the factor.