Executive summary. NaOH (sodium hydroxide or caustic soda) is a by-product of the chlorine-alkali. process. As this process is determined by the long-term demand for chlorine, changes. in demand for NaOH does not affect the output of NaOH from this process. An analysis of the NaOH market reveals that long-term changes in demand for NaOH.
2015 Average Federal Income Taxes Paid by State. The average taxpayer in the United States paid $12,978 in federal income taxes in 2015. How does that compare to where you live?
The average federal income tax refund this year is $2,894 through March 8, down about 1.7% from an average $2,944 for the same time last year. But hundreds of thousands of refunds involving large education credits have been delayed this year, so that may be contributing to the lower refunds so far.