The variance of a constant is zero. Adding a constant value, c, to a random variable does not change the variance, because the expectation (mean) increases by the same amount. Multiplying a random variable by a constant increases the variance by the square of the constant.
Panama City is a city and the county seat of Bay County, Florida, United States. Located along U.S. Route 98, it is the largest city between Tallahassee and Pensacola.
Panama is located in Central America between Costa Rica to the north and Colombia to the south. It is at the southern end of the Central American isthmus (a narrow piece of land that connects two larger land areas) and forms the land bridge between North and South America.