Problem acid soils have a pH* of less than 5.6 and usually below pH 5.0. The low soil pH is associated with a number of soil chemical and biological characteristics that manifest themselves as the components of the problem acid soil syndrome.
History of Jamaica. The island of Jamaica was colonized by the Taino tribes prior to the arrival of Columbus in 1494. The Spanish enslaved the Tainos, who were so ravaged by their conflict with the Europeans and by foreign diseases that nearly the entire native population was extinct by 1600.
Jamaica celebrates its Independence Day. Jamaica which was part of the Spanish colonial empire for 146 years and after that part of the British empire from May 10, 1655 when the English invaded the island nation. Jamaicans finally gained their independence on August 6, 1962.