Vasodilation is the result of relaxation in smooth muscle surrounding the blood vessels. This relaxation, in turn, relies on removing the stimulus for contraction, which depends on intracellular calcium ion concentrations and is tightly linked with phosphorylation of the light chain of the contractile protein myosin.
Cost & Financing. The cost of liver spot removal depends on the treatment used and how many sessions are needed, but a basic laser treatment is generally around $575 per session. Because liver spots are mostly cosmetic, insurance may or may not cover the treatments.
Medical tourists traveling to destinations such as Thailand or Singapore may save up to 80% on the costs of laparoscopic gallbladder removal surgery and hospital stays in the United States. In various locations in Mexico and Costa Rica, international travelers may purchase packages for laparoscopic gallbladder surgery that average between $4,500 to $6,000, including hospital stay, transportation and lab work.