The variance of a constant is zero. Adding a constant value, c, to a random variable does not change the variance, because the expectation (mean) increases by the same amount. Multiplying a random variable by a constant increases the variance by the square of the constant.
Panama City is a city and the county seat of Bay County, Florida, United States. Located along U.S. Route 98, it is the largest city between Tallahassee and Pensacola.
A country slightly smaller than the state of South Carolina, Panama is located in Central America. Its land mass measures 29,762 square miles (77,381 square kilometers), bounded by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Colombia to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the south, and Costa Rica to the west.