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A Barr body is the inactivated X chromosome that is usually found in the nuclei of female somatic cells. It can also occur in males when there is an abnormality and the male is XXY instead of the normal XY, a condition known as Klinefelter's syndrome.
X inactivation is a process by which one of the copies of the X chromosome present in the female mammals is inactivated. The inactivated X chromosome condenses into a compact structure called as the he Barr body. Unlike the gene poor Y chromosome , the X chromosome contains over 1000 genes, that are essential for proper development and cell viability. Females carry two copies of X chromosomes , resulting in a double dose of X linked genes. To correct this imbalance mammalian females have evolved the unique mechanism of X chromosome inactivation. Transcriptionally silent Barr bodies maintain gene equality between makes ( XY ) and females ( XX ) .