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One set is inherited from the father, and one set is inherited from the mother. A DNA is a sort of a bio molecule. The entire DNA in cells can be found in individual pieces that are called chromosomes. The main difference between DNA and chromosome is regarding the role of genes. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. The DNA is basically made up of cytosine, adenine, thymine and guanine. When you arrange these four bases to create a particular segment, it is called a gene.
â¢ Gene is a segment or a portion of DNA molecule while genome is the total DNA content in a cell. â¢ Genes code for proteins. Genome itself cannot code for proteins as it contains almost all the DNA. Since the gene is only a portion of a DNA molecule, that part is enough to code for proteins.sually these characteristics are encoded in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules present in their cells. Gene properties and genome properties vary widely from one species to another.