So having high blood sugar doesnât mean that you ate a lot of table sugar and the sugar is now in your bloodstream; it means you ate a lot of carbohydrates (from any source) and the sugar (glucose) is now in your bloodstream. Any digestible carbohydrate can raise blood sugar, although some raise it higher and faster than others.
If a mutation alters junk DNA, it doesnât do any harm because the junk isnât doing us any good to begin with. If our genome was 80 percent functionalâthe figure batted around when the ENCODE project results first came outâthen we should be extinct.
Think of it like a search-and-rescue mission for DNA. Crispr uses guide RNA as a homing device; it's designed in a lab to match up with a section of DNA designated for editing. In therapeutic uses, this could be a genetic abnormality that causes disease. That guide molecule is joined with an enzyme known as Cas9 (CRISPR's fuller name is actually CRISPR-Cas9). The enzyme acts like scissors, making a cut in the DNA where the RNA guided. By adding DNA with the correct sequence, scientists hope to be able to correct the underlying genetic defects that cause disease.