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In the most basic terms, genome is the genetic material of an organism. It is what tells the organism what to be and how to be. The genome is coded in DNA, or in RNA for many types of viruses. The term, genome, was coined in the 1920, as a portmanteau of gene and chromosome.
GENES. A gene is a small piece of the genome. It's the genetic equivalent of the atom: As an atom is the fundamental unit of matter, a gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Genes are found on chromosomes and are made of DNA. Different genes determine the different characteristics, or traits, of an organism.ll individuals in a species have the same set of genes: in peas there is a gene for pod color, a gene for plant height, a gene for pea shape, and so on. What makes individuals different is that a gene can have several different forms, or alleles.