For Best Results. Apply the Upper Brush against the top lashes and sweep from root to tip until a clean, voluminous look is achieved, followed by the lower lash line using the Micro Brush. Do not let dry between coats. Removes with soap and water or with MaybellineÂ® Clean Express!Â® Eye Makeup Remover.
Sonication can be used to enhance solubility. 1  First, assign a value of â1 to each acidic residue (Asp [D], Glu [E], and the C-terminal âCOOH). 2  If the overall charge of the peptide is positive, the peptide is basic. 3  If the overall charge of the peptide is negative, the peptide is acidic. Acidic peptides might be soluble in PBS (pH 7.4). If this fails, add a small amount of basic solvent such as 0.1 M ammonium bicarbonate to dissolve the peptide, and then add water to the desired concentration.
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation of proteins is commonly used to concentrate protein samples or remove contaminants, including salts and detergents, prior to downstream applications such as SDS-PAGE or 2D-gels.. Theory. TCA is an analog of acetic acid in which the three hydrogen atoms of the methyl carbon have been replaced with chlorine atoms. TCA is a relatively weak acid so it cannot hydrolyze the peptide bonds of proteins, but it does maintain an acidic pH in water.