Lung cancer is the most common cause of clubbing. Clubbing often occurs in heart and lung diseases that reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood. These may include: 1  Heart defects that are present at birth (congenital).
What is a safety management system (SMS)? A safety management system is a systematic approach to managing safety, including organisational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
An Effective Safety Management System: 1  Reduces the risk of workplace incidents, injuries and fatalities through data-driven measurements and improvements.  Involves engaging people and working in partnership to make safety a shared responsibility, recognizing the value of cross-level teamwork.