Lung cancer is the most common cause of clubbing. Clubbing often occurs in heart and lung diseases that reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood. These may include: 1  Heart defects that are present at birth (congenital).
What is a safety management system (SMS)? A safety management system is a systematic approach to managing safety, including organisational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Environmental Management Systems (EMS) An Environment Management System (EMS) is a tool for managing the impacts of an organisation's activities on the environment. It provides a structured approach to planning and implementing environment protection measures. An EMS monitors environmental performance, similar to the way a financial management system monitors expenditure and income and enables regular checks of a company's financial performance.