point mutation has transition (when a purine base is substituted with another purine or pyramidine with pyramidine) or transversion (purine with pyramidine or vice versa) point mutations give rise to silent mutation, nonsense mutation and missense mutation. silent mutations are the least harmful cause their change of the base does not result in anything cause they code for the same amino acid. missense codes for a different amino acid, and nonsense codes for a stop codon.
The carbohydrates produced by plants are an important source of energy for animals. When animals eat plants, energy stored in carbohydrates is released in the process of respiration, a chemical reaction between glucose and oxygen to produce energy (for cell work), carbon dioxide, and water.tarch is the usual form in which carbohydrates are stored as energy by plants. Plants can split starch into its simpler glucose units for use as energy when needed. Cellulose is known as a structural carbohydrate because of the fibers formed by its molecules.
What makes one carbohydrate different from another is the number of sugar units it contains and how the units are linked together. 1  Simple carbohydrates: These carbohydrates have only one or two units of sugar. A carbohydrate with one unit of sugar is called a simple sugar or a monosaccharide (mono = one; saccharide = sugar). Fructose (fruit sugar) is a monosaccharide, and so are glucose (blood sugar), the sugar produced when you digest carbohydrates, and galactose, the sugar derived from digesting lactose (milk sugar). A carbohydrate with two units of sugar is called a double sugar or a disaccharide (di = two). Sucrose (table sugar), which is made of one unit of fructose and one unit of glucose, is a disaccharide. Complex carbohydrates: Also known as polysaccharides (poly = many), these carbs have more than two units of sugar linked together.