So having high blood sugar doesnât mean that you ate a lot of table sugar and the sugar is now in your bloodstream; it means you ate a lot of carbohydrates (from any source) and the sugar (glucose) is now in your bloodstream. Any digestible carbohydrate can raise blood sugar, although some raise it higher and faster than others.
If a mutation alters junk DNA, it doesnât do any harm because the junk isnât doing us any good to begin with. If our genome was 80 percent functionalâthe figure batted around when the ENCODE project results first came outâthen we should be extinct.
There are four reasons for this: First, thymine is a methylated analogue of uracil, DNA can be protected from nuclei by methylation. Second, uracil has more base pair affinity to adenine, but it can also pair up with other bases including itself. This can lead to mutations in our genetic material. Third, repair enzymes find it easier to recognize the DNA if it is methylated.