So having high blood sugar doesnât mean that you ate a lot of table sugar and the sugar is now in your bloodstream; it means you ate a lot of carbohydrates (from any source) and the sugar (glucose) is now in your bloodstream. Any digestible carbohydrate can raise blood sugar, although some raise it higher and faster than others.
If a mutation alters junk DNA, it doesnât do any harm because the junk isnât doing us any good to begin with. If our genome was 80 percent functionalâthe figure batted around when the ENCODE project results first came outâthen we should be extinct.
Damaged DNA matters because your DNA has the instructions for making and running you. If these instructions get damaged, it can sometimes affect how well you run. Like any good instructions, the ones in DNA are written up with letters. The high energy of radiation can mess up the instructions by changing a letter. It can also tear the DNA removing one, some, or even millions (!!) of these letters.