Lung cancer is the most common cause of clubbing. Clubbing often occurs in heart and lung diseases that reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood. These may include: 1  Heart defects that are present at birth (congenital).
What is a safety management system (SMS)? A safety management system is a systematic approach to managing safety, including organisational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
An effective health and safety management system must have the following 8 components in place: 1  Identification and analysis of health and safety hazards at the work site. 2  Control measures to eliminate or reduce the risks to workers from hazards.  Clearly demonstrated and management commitment, and written company policy.