Lung cancer is the most common cause of clubbing. Clubbing often occurs in heart and lung diseases that reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood. These may include: 1  Heart defects that are present at birth (congenital).
What is a safety management system (SMS)? A safety management system is a systematic approach to managing safety, including organisational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Health and safety management systems. A health and safety management system is a process put in place by an employer to minimize the risk of injury and illness. This is made possible by identifying, assessing and controlling risks to workers in all workplace operations.