So having high blood sugar doesnât mean that you ate a lot of table sugar and the sugar is now in your bloodstream; it means you ate a lot of carbohydrates (from any source) and the sugar (glucose) is now in your bloodstream. Any digestible carbohydrate can raise blood sugar, although some raise it higher and faster than others.
If a mutation alters junk DNA, it doesnât do any harm because the junk isnât doing us any good to begin with. If our genome was 80 percent functionalâthe figure batted around when the ENCODE project results first came outâthen we should be extinct.
Of all the DNA we carry around, about 1% of it is human. The other DNA belongs to the 100,000 billion microbes that hang out in our gut, among other places. Many are bacteria that take advantage of the protection and food we offer them while making vitamins or metabolites we might find handy.