Your next lesson will play in 10 seconds. 1  0:05 Definition of an Organelle. 2  0:30 Organelles and Their Functions. 3  6:03 How Plant Cells Are Different. 4  6:19 Plant Organelles. 5  7:51 Lesson Summary.
One set is inherited from the father, and one set is inherited from the mother. A DNA is a sort of a bio molecule. The entire DNA in cells can be found in individual pieces that are called chromosomes. The main difference between DNA and chromosome is regarding the role of genes. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. The DNA is basically made up of cytosine, adenine, thymine and guanine. When you arrange these four bases to create a particular segment, it is called a gene.
Also, nuclear DNA contains a nuclear genome while mtDNA contains a mitochondrial genome. Genome is the complete set of genetic material of an organism. One final difference in the structure is nuclear DNA contains three-billion nucleotides, and mtDNA only contains 16,569 nucleotides.