Disposal of waste: This waste includes sewage, garbage and liquid waste from factories and homes. Wastages from chemical factories contain many toxic or poisonous chemicals. These are discharged into rivers. The river-water becomes poisonous for fish and other aquatic animals and plants.
Proximity. Proximity describes the tendency to perceive objects that are close to one another as being grouped together in a meaningful way. For example, you are likely to perceive no groupings in the following series of equally spaced squares:roximity. Proximity describes the tendency to perceive objects that are close to one another as being grouped together in a meaningful way. For example, you are likely to perceive no groupings in the following series of equally spaced squares:
Perceptual grouping has typically been discussed in. terms of the principles of grouping first described by the. Gestalt psychologists (Koehler, 1928; Wertheimer, 1923). One of the principles of grouping is proximity, which. states that spatially close objects tend to be grouped to-. gether. The principle of similarity claims that, all else being. equal, the most similar elements in the field tend to be. grouped together. Two of the other Gestalt laws of group-. ing are common fate and good continuation. Common fate. states that elements that move simultaneously in the same. direction and with the same speed tend to be grouped to-. gether.