Lung cancer is the most common cause of clubbing. Clubbing often occurs in heart and lung diseases that reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood. These may include: 1  Heart defects that are present at birth (congenital).
What is a safety management system (SMS)? A safety management system is a systematic approach to managing safety, including organisational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
(November 2008) Environmental management system (EMS) refers to the management of an organization's environmental programs in a comprehensive, systematic, planned and documented manner. It includes the organizational structure, planning and resources for developing, implementing and maintaining policy for environmental protection.