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Paracentesis (from Greek ÎºÎµÎ½ÏÎ¬Ï, to pierce) is a form of body fluid sampling procedure, generally referring to peritoneocentesis (also called laparocentesis) in which the peritoneal cavity is punctured by a needle to sample peritoneal fluid. 1  1 Indications. 2  2 Paracentesis for ascites.  3 Ascitic fluid analysis.
Paracentesis. Paracentesis is a procedure used to collect and remove some of the fluid to help determine what is causing it to build up. Having ascites may lead to: 1  Extreme discomfort, including abdominal pain and difficulty breathing. 2  Infection of the ascitic fluid (spontaneous bacterial peritonitis). 3  Increased fluid accumulation in the chest cavity (pleural effusion). 4  Abdominal wall hernias, especially umbilical hernias.