Lung cancer is the most common cause of clubbing. Clubbing often occurs in heart and lung diseases that reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood. These may include: 1  Heart defects that are present at birth (congenital).
What is a safety management system (SMS)? A safety management system is a systematic approach to managing safety, including organisational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Quality management systems are an important factor in promoting patient safety and reducing the risk of adverse events and medical errors in health care organizations. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship among the dimensions of patient safety culture and quality management systems.