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The Democratic-Republican Party was an American political party formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in 1791â93 to oppose the centralizing policies of the new Federalist Party run by Alexander Hamilton, who was then Secretary of the Treasury and chief architect of George Washington's administration.
Political Parties: Divisiveness. Political parties are the most divisive type of linkage institutions, and they are at the forefront of the United States' democracy. The two major political parties in the U.S. are the Democrats and the Republicans. Political parties tend to be a bit more general in their beliefs when compared to interest groups.