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The Democratic-Republican Party was an American political party formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in 1791â93 to oppose the centralizing policies of the new Federalist Party run by Alexander Hamilton, who was then Secretary of the Treasury and chief architect of George Washington's administration.
Democratic Party. Of the two current major political parties, the one with the oldest roots is the Democratic Party. Although it has gone through name changes and deep philosophical shifts, it can trace itself back to the end of the 18th century.