The camshaft. The valve train consists of the valves and a mechanism that opens and closes them. The opening and closing system is called a camshaft. The camshaft has lobes on it that move the valves up and down, as shown in Figure 5. Most modern engines have what are called overhead cams.
A Foreign Service Officer (FSO) is a commissioned member of the United States Foreign Service. As diplomats, Foreign Service Officers formulate and implement the foreign policy of the United States.
Employees of foreign governments are generally exempt from paying Social Security taxes on income paid to them as a result of their official responsibilities. As long as the foreign government employee is working in an official capacity on official business related to his employment, he does not have to pay Social Security on his pay.