The term, sometimes also spelled PaRDeS, is an acronym formed from the same initials of the following four approaches: 1  Peshat (×¤Ö°Ö¼×©Ö¸××â) â surface (straight) or the literal (direct) meaning. 2  Remez (×¨Ö¶×Ö¶×â) â hints or the deep (allegoric: hidden or symbolic) meaning beyond just the literal sense.
Sinopec is a state-owned Chinese oil company in Beijing and the second largest oil company in the world with an annual revenue of 455.499 billion dollars. Sinopec also deals in oil and gas exploration, production of petrochemicals and sales and distribution services.
Chevron is one of the world's largest oil companies; as of 2014, it ranked third in the Fortune 500 list of the top US closely held and public corporations and sixteenth on the Fortune Global 500 list of the top 500 corporations worldwide.