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The aging process is associated with changes in the composition and function of the immune system and these changes may occur at an accelerated rate in men as compared to women. Moreover, after the age of menopause, the incidence of chronic inflammatory disease in women approaches or exceeds that observed in males.he mechanisms responsible for sex-specific differences in the immune response are complex and likely involve effects of the sex hormones on the immune system, genetic factors, and gender-specific behaviors and exposures.
The immune system is designed to defend the body against invaders that include microorganisms, parasites, cancer cells, and transplanted organs and tissues. 1  The immune system defends against disease and infection via physical barriers, white blood cells, antibodies, complement proteins, and certain organs.