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The Democratic-Republican Party was an American political party formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in 1791â93 to oppose the centralizing policies of the new Federalist Party run by Alexander Hamilton, who was then Secretary of the Treasury and chief architect of George Washington's administration.
Republican Party. Republican Party, byname Grand Old Party (GOP), in the United States, one of the two major political parties, the other being the Democratic Party. During the 19th century the Republican Party stood against the extension of slavery to the countryâs new territories and, ultimately, for slaveryâs complete abolition.