Mass Spectrometry. 1. In order to measure the characteristics of individual molecules, a mass spectrometer converts them to ions so that they can be moved about and manipulated by external electric and magnetic fields. The three essential functions of a mass spectrometer, and the associated components, are:
As the tax is set at a fixed amount, insurance companies will be forced to pass the tax on to consumers in the form of higher premiums. This paper estimates the impact of this tax on individuals or, the share of the tax that will be (implicitly) paid by the average insured individual affected by it.
An insurance premium is usually collected in monthly, semi-yearly, or yearly payments, depending on the type of policy. Policyholders also often have the option of combining their payments with fees for other services, or taking out several types of policies with one company to lower the overall costs.