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Of main consideration regarding the optimal management for a person with facial paralysis are the cause and duration of the paralysis. In cases of congenital (present since birth) facial paralysis, the facial nerve and facial muscles may not have developed appropriately or may be absent.Attempting to provide a new nerve source to these muscles, then, is not logical or possible, but other types of reconstruction are possible.nce a muscle has lost its nerve source for any reason, there is a window of opportunity to provide a nerve to those original muscles. After that window has passed, usually about 12-24 months, the original muscles can no longer accept a nerve. In those cases, a nerve supply as well as new muscle must be provided.
Vocal fold (or cord) paresis and paralysis result from abnormal nerve input to the voice box muscles (laryngeal muscles). Paralysis is the total interruption of nerve impulse, resulting in no movement; paresis is the partial interruption of nerve impulse, resulting in weak or abnormal motion of laryngeal muscles.Paresis/paralysis can happen at any age, from birth to advanced age, in males and females, from a variety of causes.nown reasons can include: Inadvertent injury during surgery: Surgery in the neck (thyroid gland, carotid artery) or in the chest (lungs, esophagus, heart, or large blood vessels) may inadvertently result in RLN paresis or paralysis. The SLN may also be injured during head and neck surgery.