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Small-scale mutations. 1  Point mutation â a change in one base in the DNA sequence. 2  Substitution â when one or more bases in the sequence is replaced by the same number of bases (for example, a cytosine substituted for an adenine).3  Inversion â when a segment of a chromosome is reversed end to end.arge-scale mutations. 1  Copy number variation (CNV) is a type of mutation where large chunks of DNA are inserted, repeated or lost. 2  These regions of DNA can be between 10,000 and 5,000,000 bases long. 3  Duplication of genes. 4  When there is an increase in the number of copies of a gene.
The two types of single gene mutations are point mutation, where a single point in the DNA sequence is affected, and FRAMESHIFT MUTATION, where a single gene or nitrogen base â¦ is deleted or added from the mRNA (messenger RNA) sequence causing a shift in the reading frame of the genetic message. gene mutation can be acquired throughout life or it is genetic ex sickle cell anemia chromsome mutations have more pronounced effects and are due to a change in the number â¦ of chromosomes or a change in the structural effect that are inherited..