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In the prokaryotic bacterium E. coli, replication can occur at a rate of 1,000 nucleotides per second. In comparison, eukaryotic human DNA replicates at a rate of 50 nucleotides per second. In both cases, replication occurs so quickly because multiple polymerases can synthesize two new strands at the same time by using each unwound strand from the original DNA double helix as a template.
Three ways mutations can occur in genes are: 1. Insertion: Extra DNA nucleoties are added to the DNA strand. 2. Deletion: DNA nucleotides are deleted, therefore, changing the â¦ DNA sequence. 3. Translocation: parts of chromosomes are exchanged.or example, this can happen during crossover during the formation of gametes. Substitution mutations happen when one nucleotide (the smallest unit of DNA) is replaced by another. These are caused by a number of chemicals that look like something in between both of those nucleotides.