A nozzle is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (especially to increase velocity) as it exits (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe. A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross sectional area, and it can be used to direct or modify the flow of a fluid (liquid or gas). Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them.
Phototrophism vs photosynthesis. Phototrophic organisms convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP. The use of light energy to make ATP is called photophosphorylation. Photosynthetic organisms (photoautotrophs) also use light energy to make both ATP and reduced electron carriers (NADH or NADPH).
Chemical Energy Definition: Chemical energy is the energy contained in the internal structure of an atom or molecule. This energy could be in the electronic structure of a single atom or in the bonds between atoms in a molecule. Chemical energy is converted into other forms of energy by chemical reactions.