Substrate is very often a big debate in keeping tortoises. I have Russian tortoises, I try to mimic their natural habitat as closely as possible.Since they are an arid species, I use a 50/50 mixture of playsand and topsoil deep enough for the tortoise to burrow.ubstrate is very often a big debate in keeping tortoises. I have Russian tortoises, I try to mimic their natural habitat as closely as possible.
Headaches That May Present With Ophthalmic Manifestations Primary Headache Syndromes Migraine Migraine is the second most common headache syndrome seen in clinical practice. Migraine headache is often characterized as a disabling pain, moderate to severe in intensity, unilateral in location, and pulsatile in quality.
Vestibular paroxysmia. Vestibular paroxysmia is also referred to as disabling positional vertigo, vascular loop syndrome or microvascular compression syndrome in the literature. Other vascular compression syndromes include trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm. Vestibular paroxysmia is a controversial syndrome. It is believed that a blood vessel, which forms a loop around the vestibular branch of the cochleovestibular nerve (VIII cranial nerve) is responsible.