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In the prokaryotic bacterium E. coli, replication can occur at a rate of 1,000 nucleotides per second. In comparison, eukaryotic human DNA replicates at a rate of 50 nucleotides per second. In both cases, replication occurs so quickly because multiple polymerases can synthesize two new strands at the same time by using each unwound strand from the original DNA double helix as a template.
DNA helix that occurs when the two strands separate. 5. Because the DNA polymerase is capable of adding new nucleotides only at the 3Â´ end of a DNA strand, and because the two strands are antiparallel, at least two molecules of DNA polymerase must be involved in the replication of any specific region of DNA.