The Vietnam War (1954-1973) was a very long and costly war in which over three million people lost their lives. The United States became involved in the war to support their allies in South Vietnam. The U.S. and South Vietnam were fighting against the communist regime known as the Viet Kong.
Ion-dipole interaction (dipole-ion interaction): A noncovalent attraction between one pole of a bond dipole and an oppositely-charged ion. The Î´+ end of the bond dipole is attracted to an anion, and the Î´- end of the bond dipole is attracted to a cation.
Dipole-dipole forces are effective only when polar molecules are very close together, and they are generally weaker than ion-dipole forces. Figure 11.4 (a) The electrostatic interaction of two polar molecules. (b) The interaction of many dipoles in a condensed state.