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The Heme Group. In hemoglobin, each subunit contains a heme group, which is displayed using the ball-and-stick representation in Figure 2. Each heme group contains an iron atom that is able to bind to one oxygen (O 2) molecule. Therefore, each hemoglobin protein can bind four oxygen molecules. One of the most important classes of chelating agents in nature are the porphyrins.
Recall that iron is the central atom of the heme group, a metal complex that binds molecular oxygen (O 2) in the lungs and carries it to all of the other cells in the body (e.g., the muscles) that need oxygen to perform their activities.