In men, a testicular infection, tumor or twisting of the left testicle commonly causes pain that radiates from the testicle into the left side of the abdomen and back. When to See Your Doctor. Call your doctor right away if you develop abdominal and back pain, especially if it doesn't go away in a few days or worsens.
Autonomous Control in Production Logistics. For production systems, different autonomous control methods have been developed. All of these methods aim at enabling parts in a production system to decide about possible alternative routes through a production system.
Lean production is an assembly-line methodology developed originally for Toyota and the manufacturing of automobiles. It is also known as the Toyota Production System or just-in-time production. Lean production principles are also referred to as lean management or lean thinking. Download this free guide.