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The Heme Group. In hemoglobin, each subunit contains a heme group, which is displayed using the ball-and-stick representation in Figure 2. Each heme group contains an iron atom that is able to bind to one oxygen (O 2) molecule. Therefore, each hemoglobin protein can bind four oxygen molecules. One of the most important classes of chelating agents in nature are the porphyrins.
Hemoglobin consists of four protein chains, each about the size of a myoglobin molecule, which fold to give a structure that looks very similar to myoglobin. Thus, hemoglobin has four separate heme groups that can bind a molecule of O 2.