noun, Biology. 1. an orientation of an organism to an external stimulus, as light, especially by growth rather than by movement. Origin of tropism. 1895-1900. First recorded in 1895-1900; independent use of -tropism. Related forms. tropismatic.
Friction on as-grown graphene (Fig. 1c) is ultra-low and rather uniform with its magnitude close to the previous reports4. In contrast, friction on graphene after ï¬uorination becomes
At 1473 K there is no graphitization of 30â40 Î¼m diamond even at relatively low pressure of 5 GPa, while a higher pressure of 8 GPa is necessary to prevent graphitization of 5 nm diamond. The solid and dot curves are the theoretical curves calculated from Eqs. (1) ; (2) for 5 nm and 30â40 Î¼m diamond respectively.