In men, a testicular infection, tumor or twisting of the left testicle commonly causes pain that radiates from the testicle into the left side of the abdomen and back. When to See Your Doctor. Call your doctor right away if you develop abdominal and back pain, especially if it doesn't go away in a few days or worsens.
Autonomous Control in Production Logistics. For production systems, different autonomous control methods have been developed. All of these methods aim at enabling parts in a production system to decide about possible alternative routes through a production system.
Lean manufacturing or lean production, often simply  lean , is a systematic method for the elimination of waste ( Muda ) within a manufacturing system.hile lean is seen by many as a generalization of the Toyota Production System into other industries and contexts there are some acknowledged differences that seem to have developed in implementation.