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EpiPen is an injection that contains epinephrine, a chemical that narrows blood vessels and opens airways in the lungs. EpiPens have become a necessity for families with children suffering from severe allergies to counter effects like wheezing, uneven breathing, increased or decreased heart rate, swelling and other potentially fatal reactions.
Epinephrine acts by binding to a variety of adrenergic receptors. Epinephrine is a nonselective agonist of all adrenergic receptors, including the major subtypes Î± 1, Î± 2, Î² 1, Î² 2, and Î² 3. Epinephrine's binding to these receptors triggers a number of metabolic changes.