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Because anencephaly is caused by abnormalities of the neural tube, it is classified as a neural tube defect. Because the neural tube fails to close properly, the developing brain and spinal cord are exposed to the amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus in the womb.
Birth Defects Linked to Low Vitamin B12. Study Shows B12 Deficiency May Raise Risk of Spina Bifida and Other Neural Tube Defects. From the WebMD Archives. March 2, 2009 -- Women who don't get enough vitamin B12 may have a higher risk of giving birth to a baby with a potentially disabling or fatal birth defect.