As defined already, the force that produces 1 m/sec 2 acceleration on 1 kilogram mass is called as 1 Newton. This unit is recognized as SI unit. Since, forces are also measured in other types of units, a necessity arises to express all such units in equivalent to Newton unit of force.
AS stands for Associate of Science, a 2-year degree.
ACS is an acronym which most often stands for Acute Coronary Syndrome. This may be included as one of your prior diagnoses, ACS includes myocardial infarction and unstable angina. It is unclear what ICS stands for, but this may mean Intermediate Coronary Syndrome. This is a term seldom used in by modern clinicians, but typically refers to a milder form of ACS of less severity. I hope this is helpful. Very best wishes!