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Penetrating captive bolt to induce unconsciousness in combination with an adjunctive step such as exsan-guination, administration of IV potassium chloride, or pithing (increasing destruction of brain and spinal cord tissue) to ensure death. When properly applied, the above euthanasia meth-ods can cause rapid loss of consciousness and death
2. PEnETrATInG CAPTIVE BoLT: Captive bolt devices (âgunsâ or âstunnersâ) are either penetrating or non- penetrating. only penetrating captive bolt devices are ap-proved for euthanasia of mature bovines and, according to âAVMA Guidelines for Euthanasia of Animals (2013)â, must not be used as the sole method of euthanasia. The bolt gun must be placed firmly against the skull at the same entry point previously described for a gunshot. since use of the captive bolt gun requires close proximity to the animal, adequate restraint and prior sedation or tranquilization may be required. It is critical to maintain and clean the