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Malaria - and its cousin, yellow fever - had significant implications during the war and the debilitating consequences of the disease were already certain before the Civil War had started in earnest and well before its final history had been written.
1 Yellow fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease transmitted by infected mosquitoes. 2  The yellow in the name refers to the jaundice that affects some patients. 3  Up to 50% of severely affected persons without treatment will die from yellow fever. The yellow in the name refers to the jaundice that affects some patients. 2  Up to 50% of severely affected persons without treatment will die from yellow fever. 3  There are an estimated 200 000 cases of yellow fever, causing 30 000 deaths, worldwide each year, with 90% occurring in Africa.