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A faulty valve. The main cause of acid reflux disease is a problem with the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) muscle. This muscle, which is the âvalveâ between the stomach and the esophagus, normally closes tightly after food has passed through to the stomach. The LES does not stay closed in people with acid reflux disease. When this happens, acid and stomach contents may back up (reflux) into the esophagus. This acid backup can sometimes cause the painful, burning sensation known as heartburn or other symptoms.
The stomach makes acid to help you digest food and remove bacteria. This is a natural process. In some people, the stomach makes too much acid, which can cause discomfort. These symptoms may mean you have acid reflux and heartburn, which can usually be relieved by antacids and no medical treatment.