All rights reserved. Terms of use. Â¨ 37 11 Thermodynamics andThermochemistry Thermodynamics is the study of heat, and how heat can be interconverted into other energyforms. In thermodynamics the system is a specific part of the universe that is being studied,often the system is a chemical reaction. The surroundings are all parts of the universe that arenot the system, typically everything outside the test tube.Â¥ An open system can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings.
Pepsin splits proteins into water-soluble fragments called peptones. Although this ordinarily occurs in the stomach, it can be duplicated in a large reaction vessel on a commercial basis. Partial digestion by pepsin can be used in food applicationsâfor instance, in the processing of soy protein and gelatin.
pepsin. a proteolytic enzyme that is the principal digestive component of gastric juice. It acts as a catalyst in the chemical breakdown of protein to form a mixture of polypeptides; it is formed from pepsinogen in the presence of acid or, autocatalytically, in the presence of pepsin itself.Pepsin also has milk-clotting action similar to that of rennin and thereby facilitates the digestion of milk protein.t acts as a catalyst in the chemical breakdown of protein to form a mixture of polypeptides; it is formed from pepsinogen in the presence of acid or, autocatalytically, in the presence of pepsin itself.