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Glycolysis is a series of reactions that and extract energy from glucose by splitting it into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvates. Glycolysis is an ancient metabolic pathway, meaning that it evolved long ago, and it is found in the great majority of organisms alive today2,3^{2,3}â2,3ââstart superscript, 2, comma, 3, end superscript. In organisms that perform cellular respiration, glycolysis is the first stage of this process. However, glycolysis doesnât require oxygen, and many anaerobic organismsâorganisms that do not use oxygenâalso have this pathway.
During glycolysis, energy is released from the breakdown of sugar, and it's used to make ATP. Specifically, glucose is broken down to pyruvic acid (or pyruvate) in the cell's cytoplasm. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, as it does not require molecular oxygen.erobic metabolism produces 34 ATP per glucose, thus making better use of the remaining glucose. Aerobic metabolism utilizes both the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, which make 34 ATP using energy from a single glucose molecule. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member.