studies finding polycentric governance to be more adaptive than other forms of governance4. As the number of scholars identifying polycentricity and related concepts as elements of adaptive governance has increased, however, a number of issues have arisen which could 4 As discussed in section 4, however, these authors defined polycentric governance as a polycentric governance system within which constituent decision-making entities act coherently, rather than more generally, as
Other causes include the following: 1  Rheumatoid arthritis causes pain, swelling of the joints, and bone spurs. When these occur in the neck area, neck pain can result. 2  Osteoporosis weakens bones and can lead to small fractures. This condition often happens in hands or knees, but it can also occur in the neck.
While heavy lifting, poor sleep or a particularly tough workout can lead to aching joints, generalized body pain and fatigue, these common symptoms may actually reflect a medical condition when they persist.Autoimmune disorders, Lyme disease, fibromyalgia and polymyalgia rheumatica are potential causes.utoimmune disorders -- including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis -- can result in stiff, achy joints, body pain and significant fatigue. These conditions may affect up to 9 percent of the population, based on estimates in a November 2009 article in the Journal of Autoimmunity..