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The eastern edge of the mule deer's range is southwestern Saskatchewan. Odocoileus hemionus and its subspecies are common to Alaska, British Columbia, Alberta, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, California, Oregon, Washington, and western Oklahoma (Wallmo 1981).docoileus hemionus and its subspecies are common to Alaska, British Columbia, Alberta, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, California, Oregon, Washington, and western Oklahoma (Wallmo 1981).
Distribution in North America: Mule deer and the two black-tailed deer species are subspecies of the same species, Odocoileus hemionus. They are mainly separated by geography, size, to some extent color and behavior. Largest of the three native deer species (mule, black-tailed, white-tailed). 2  Antlers grow in forked pairs (unlike white-tailed deer antler which has one main beam with unbranched tines). 3  White rump patch with narrow, black-tipped tail. 4  Very large ears (where it gets its name). 5  Light face and muzzle with dark forehead.