A two-trait Punnett Square has 16 boxes. The probability of a cross producing a genotype in any box is 1 in 16. If the same genotype is present in two boxes, its probability of occurring doubles to 1/8 (1/16 + 1/16).
November born individuals, are blessed with two ruling Birthstones, the revered Topaz and the gentle, healing Citrine. Topaz is a gemstone exhibiting an array of spectacular colors. The stone was believed to be symbolic of the Egyptian Sun God Ra, with its brilliant golden glow and fiery intensity.
The most prized color of topaz is called Imperial topaz after the Russian Czars of the 1800s, and features a magnificent orange body color with pink undertones. Topaz also comes in yellow, pink, purple, orange, and the many popular blue tones. Citrine, the other birthstone for November, is known as the healing quartz. This golden gemstone is said to support vitality and health while encouraging and guiding hope, energy and warmth within the wearer. Citrine can be found in a variety of shades ranging from pastel yellow to dark brownish orange.