An element is a pure substance that is made from a single type of atom. Elements are the building blocks for all the rest of the matter in the world. Examples of elements include iron, oxygen, hydrogen, gold, and helium.
Since the initial discovery that the adult brain contains stem cells that generate new neurons, an important question in neurobiology has been whether or not this adult neurogenesis is functionally important.
Stem cells are characterized by their ability for self-renewal (i.e., maintaining their undifferentiated state during several rounds of cell division), and their potency (i.e., the ability to differentiate into specialized cell types). The two main stem cell types are embryonic stem cells (ES) cells and adult stem cells (i.e., somatic stem cells). Other types, such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are produced in the lab by reprogramming adult cells to express ES characteristics. Embryonic Stem Cells Embryonic Stem Cells Adult Stem Cells Adult Stem Cells Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.