studies finding polycentric governance to be more adaptive than other forms of governance4. As the number of scholars identifying polycentricity and related concepts as elements of adaptive governance has increased, however, a number of issues have arisen which could 4 As discussed in section 4, however, these authors defined polycentric governance as a polycentric governance system within which constituent decision-making entities act coherently, rather than more generally, as
Any abnormalities, inflammation, or injury can cause neck pain or stiffness. Many people experience neck pain or stiffness occasionally. In many cases, itâs due to poor posture or overuse. Sometimes, neck pain is caused by injury from a fall, contact sports, or whiplash. Most of the time, neck pain isnât a serious condition and can be relieved within a few days.
Joint stiffness often accompanies joint pain and/or swelling. Depending on the cause of joint stiffness, joint redness, tenderness, warmth, tingling, or numbness of an affected area of the body may be present.Joint stiffness can be caused by injury or disease of the joint and is a common finding in the arthritis conditions.Joint damage, including stiffness, can also occur following injury to the joint.Sometimes injuries or inflammation of the adjacent areas, such as bursae, can cause pain that may limit the movement of a joint and be perceived as joint stiffness. Joint pain is also referred to as arthralgia.olymyalgia Rheumatica Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a disorder of the muscles and joints that causes pain and stiffness in the arms, neck, shoulders,...learn more Â».