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One such cause of GERD is a hiatal (or hiatus) hernia. This is an anatomical abnormality where a hole in the diaphragm allows the upper part of the stomach to enter the chest cavity, sometimes leading to GERD. Pregnancy is also sometimes a cause of acid reflux due to extra pressure being placed on the internal organs.
Most duodenal ulcers have an infectious cause, contrary to earlier thoughts about the cause of these conditions. Causes of Ulcers Several factors are known causes of PUD and GERD. Previously, most ulcers were thought to be caused by irritants to the stomach, such as stress, spicy foods, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol.