Maneuvering Loads and the V-n Diagram. The V-n, velocity-versus-load diagram, Figure 1, describes the relationship between an aircraftâs. speed, its longitudinal (pitch axis) maneuvering. capability, and its structural strength. The. positive-g, maximum lift line indicates how. aggressively, at any airspeed, we can apply aft.
Fairbanks, Alaska. During the early 19th century, some of the best scientific minds of the period believed that the aurora was caused by the reflection of sunlight from tiny ice crystals suspended high in the atmosphere.
The aurora is caused by the interaction of high-energy particles (usually electrons) with neutral atoms in earthâs upper atmosphere. This process is similar to the discharge in a neon lamp, or the fluorescence of a television screen. The strongest auroras are quite bright, comparable to moonlight.