The first felids emerged during the Oligocene, about 25 million years ago. In prehistoric times, a third subfamily, known as Machairodontinae, included the saber-toothed cats, such as the well known Smilodon. Other superficially cat-like mammals, such as the marsupial sabertooth Thylacosmilus or the Nimravidae, are not included in Felidae despite superficial similarities.
One of the key benefits to mashing out is lowering the viscosity of the liquid inside your mash tun. In other works, thinning it. This is especially important if you are using lots of non-barley grains such as wheat or rye (or pretzels). Also, many brewers tend to mash at a 1 quart per pound of grain ratio. Which, if not hot enough, could stick. Better put, is more likely to stick. And by making the mash more fluid what you are really doing is making the sugars in the wort more fluid. So, you will extract more of them; mashouts give you better efficiency.
Sidewayz XDTalk 100 Member. How many grains are in one ounce? Im trying to closely estimate what different guns weigh when loaded. By taking the manufacturer's claimed empty weight and factoring in say 10+1 rounds of 230gr...or...7+1 rounds of 124gr for example. I carry an XD45c loaded with 230gr bullets and Im starting to dislike the weight on my hip. So Im considering something smaller and lighter for everyday carry.