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Insulin (from the Latin, insula meaning island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas.It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats by promoting the absorption of glucose from the blood to skeletal muscles and fat tissue and by causing fat to be stored rather than used for energy.nsulin is produced in the pancreas and released when any of several stimuli are detected. These stimuli include ingested protein and glucose in the blood produced from digested food. Carbohydrates can be polymers of simple sugars or the simple sugars themselves.
By Dr Ananya Mandal, MD. Insulin is a hormone that is important for metabolism and utilization of energy from the ingested nutrients - especially glucose. Insulin is a protein chain or peptide hormone. There are 51 amino acids in an insulin molecule. It has a molecular weight of 5808 Da. Insulin is produced in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. The name insulin comes from the Latin ''insula'' for island from the cells that produce the hormone in the pancreas.