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Simply put, Colitis is swelling (inflammation) of the large intestine (colon). In medicine, colitis refers to an inflammation of the colon and is often used to describe an inflammation of the large intestine (colon, caecum and rectum).n medicine, colitis refers to an inflammation of the colon and is often used to describe an inflammation of the large intestine (colon, caecum and rectum).
Colitis (pl. colitides) is an inflammation of the colon. Colitis may be acute and self-limited or chronic, i.e. persistent, and broadly fits into the category of digestive diseases. In a medical context, the label colitis (without qualification) is used if: 1  The cause of the inflammation in the colon is undetermined; for example, colitis may be applied to Crohn's disease at a time when the diagnosis is unknown, or. The context is clear; for example, an individual with ulcerative colitis is talking about their disease with a physician who knows the diagnosis.