refined. 1. Characterized by discriminating taste and broad knowledge as a result of development or education: civilized, cultivated, cultured, educated, polished, urbane, well-bred. 2.
In the scientific classification established by Carl von Linne, linnÃ© each species has to be assigned to a (genus binary), nomenclature which in turn is a lower level of a hierarchy of (ranks, family, suborder, order, subclass, class/division, phyla kingdom and). domainacterial taxonomy is the taxonomy, i.e. the rank-based classification, of bacteria.
Listeria is a genus of bacteria that contains 10 species, each containing two subspecies. Named after the British pioneer of sterile surgery Joseph Lister, the genus received its current name in 1940. Listeria species are gram-positive, rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, and non spore-forming. The major human pathogen in the Listeria genus is L. monocytogenes.