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One such cause of GERD is a hiatal (or hiatus) hernia. This is an anatomical abnormality where a hole in the diaphragm allows the upper part of the stomach to enter the chest cavity, sometimes leading to GERD. Pregnancy is also sometimes a cause of acid reflux due to extra pressure being placed on the internal organs.
GERD is caused by frequent acid reflux â the backup of stomach acid or bile into the esophagus. When you swallow, the lower esophageal sphincter â a circular band of muscle around the bottom part of your esophagus â relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow down into your stomach.