Glucose, however, remains one molecule after dissolvation. As a result, the osmolarity of 50 g of glucose in 1 liter of water is approximately equal to 9 g of sodium chloride in 1 liter of water. A milliosmole (mOsm) is 1/1,000 of an osmole. A microosmole (Î¼Osm) (also spelled micro-osmole) is 1/1,000,000 of an osmole.
This process of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells is triggered by the interaction of the fragment crystallizable (Fc) portion of the mAb with the Fc receptors on effector cells like natural killer cells, macrophages, Î³Î´ T cells, and dendritic cells.
Some B cells change into memory cells, which remember that specific antigen, and others change into plasma cells. Helper T cells help B cells in this process. Plasma cells produce antibodies that are specific to the antigen that stimulated their production.After the first encounter with an antigen, production of enough of the specific antibody takes several days.Thus, the primary immune response is slow.ome helper T cells help B cells produce antibodies against foreign antigens. Others help activate killer T cells to kill infected or abnormal cells or help activate macrophages, enabling them to ingest infected or abnormal cells more efficiently.