Excerpts from the www.oliviamode.com/Contestia.htm site: Contestia is a digital mode directly derived from Olivia that is not quite as robust - but more of a compromise between speed and performance. It was developed by Nick Fedoseev, UT2UZ, in 2005. It sounds almost identical to Olivia, can be configured in as many ways, but has essentially twice the speed.
Denier is a unit of measurement that is used to determine the fiber thickness of individual threads or filaments used in the creation of textiles and fabrics.Fabrics with a high denier count tend to be thick, sturdy, and durable.enier is a unit of measurement that is used to determine the fiber thickness of individual threads or filaments used in the creation of textiles and fabrics. Fabrics with a high denier count tend to be thick, sturdy, and durable.
Once a tree's caliper exceeds 4 inches, the tree is measured at a height of 12 inches. All legitimate nurseries and garden centers in the United States use these specific standards to measure tree caliper.tandards for Measuring. Arborists in a landscape measure tree caliper at chest height to compare mature, established trees. This measurement is generally made 4 1/2 to 5 feet above the soil. In the nursery trade, caliper measurements are not arbitrary. National standards exist for exactly where a tree must be measured.