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Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from one meter to one millimeter; with frequencies between 300 MHz (100 cm) and 300 GHz (0.1 cm).t indicates that microwaves are small, compared to waves used in typical radio broadcasting, in that they have shorter wavelengths. The boundaries between far infrared, terahertz radiation, microwaves, and ultra-high-frequency radio waves are fairly arbitrary and are used variously between different fields of study.
For this reason, solar radiation is sometimes also called shortwave radiation. Most (44%) of the sun's radiation is in the visible wavelengths (0.4 (violet) to 0.7 (red) micrometers). Solar radiation falling outside of this range is not visible to humans, even though it is very intense! The sun's radiation peaks at about 0.5 micrometers, which corresponds to the color blue-green. Red is the longest visible wavelength, and wavelengths longer than 0.7 um are called infrared. Nearly 37% of the sun's radiation is in the slightly longer infrared wavelengths (0.7 to 1.0 micrometers).