What does 'Brazil, Russia, India And China - BRIC' mean. Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) refer to the idea that China and India will, by 2050, become the world's dominant suppliers of manufactured goods and services, respectively, while Brazil and Russia will become similarly dominant as suppliers of raw materials.
Birth Defect Fact Sheet Hypospadias. April 17, 2014Birth Defect Fact Sheet. Hypospadias is a congenital abnormality of the penis in which the urinary tract opening is not at the tip. In a normal penis, the urine tube (urethra) travels through the shaft of the penis to an opening located in the center of the head of the penis (glans).
Many different types of brain defects are caused by improper closure of this neural tube. One such congenital brain anomaly, anencephaly (literally without brain) results when the topmost portion of the tube fails to close and the brain does not develop.Anencephaly is the most common severe malformation seen in stillborn births. It is about four times more common in females than males.ongenital brain defects may have genetic, infectious, toxic, or traumatic causes. In most cases, no certain cause can be identified. GENETIC CAUSES Some brain defects are caused by trisomy, the inclusion of a third copy of a chromosome normally occurring in pairs.