Surfactant is a complex substance containing phospholipids and a number of apoproteins. This essential fluid is produced by the Type II alveolar cells, and lines the alveoli and smallest bronchioles. Surfactant reduces surface tension throughout the lung, thereby contributing to its general compliance. It is also important because it stabilizes the alveoli.
Stagnant anoxia occurs when there is interference with the blood flow, although the blood and its oxygen-carrying abilities are normal. A common cause of general stagnant anoxia is heart disease or interference with the return of blood flow through the veins.
hypoxia - oxygen deficiency causing a very strong drive to correct the deficiency. 1  drive - a physiological state corresponding to a strong need or desire. 2  anemic hypoxia - hypoxia resulting from a decreased concentration of hemoglobin. 3  hypoxic hypoxia - hypoxia resulting from defective oxygenation of the blood in the lungs.