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The term that describes the nationalist movement that sought tocreate a nation-state for the Jewish people is ZIONISM.
Thus, 597 is considered the beginning date of the Jewish Diaspora. While Cyrus the Persian allowed the Judaeans to return to their homeland in 538 BC, most chose to remain in Babylon. A large number of Jews in Egypt became mercenaries in Upper Egypt on an island called the Elephantine.he Jewish state comes to an end in 70 AD, when the Romans begin to actively drive Jews from the home they had lived in for over a millennium. But the Jewish Diaspora (diaspora =dispersion, scattering) had begun long before the Romans had even dreamed of Judaea.