The nominal interest is 12% per year, so the nominal. interest rate per 6 mo is 6%. The effective interest rate. per 6 mo. is also 6% since the compounding period. equals to the interest rate period (6 mo.). Chapter 4 Nominal and Effective Interest. Rates 20.
How COPD Is Treated. Once COPD has been diagnosed, you and your doctor can select the best treatment options to manage your COPD. These may include medications, rehabilitation or surgery that may improve your quality of life.
According to the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease, the hallmark symptoms of COPD are progressively worsening dyspnea, chronic cough and sputum production. However, cough and sputum production may be present long before airflow limitation, one of the primary characteristics of COPD, develops.