{\displaystyle \int _{a}^{b}\!f(x)\,dx=F(b)-F(a).} The principles of integration were formulated independently by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz in the late 17th century, who thought of the integral as an infinite sum of rectangles of infinitesimal width.
amendment - a statement that is added to or revises or improves a proposal or document (a bill or constitution etc.) statement - a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc; according to his statement he was in London on that day.
A constitutional amendment refers to the modification of the Constitution of a nation or state. In many jurisdictions the text of the constitution itself is altered; in others the text is not changed, but the amendments change its effect. The method of modification is typically written into the Constitution itself.