The nominal interest is 12% per year, so the nominal. interest rate per 6 mo is 6%. The effective interest rate. per 6 mo. is also 6% since the compounding period. equals to the interest rate period (6 mo.). Chapter 4 Nominal and Effective Interest. Rates 20.
How COPD Is Treated. Once COPD has been diagnosed, you and your doctor can select the best treatment options to manage your COPD. These may include medications, rehabilitation or surgery that may improve your quality of life.
What causes shortness of breath in COPD? 1. Shortness of breath is a main symptom of both emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Most people with COPD have symptoms of both of those conditions, so shortness of breath is common. Emphysema can cause a feeling of breathlessness in different ways. It is a disease that affects the millions of tiny air sacs within the lungs.