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Atelectasis (from Greek: á¼ÏÎµÎ»Î®Ï, incomplete + á¼ÎºÏÎ±ÏÎ¹Ï, extension) is defined as the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange.
Usually seen in tension pneumothorax, pleural effusion, abdominal distention and intrathoracic lesions, this occurs when pleural pressure seizes the lungs, keeping it near the chest wall. As the pressure disappears, the lung eventually recoils, causing atelectasis. This is also coined as passive atelectasis.