By means of the sodium-potassium pump, living human cells pump three sodium ions out of the cell in exchange for two potassium ions pumped in; comparing ion concentrations across the cell membrane, inside to outside, potassium measures about 40:1, and sodium, about 1:10.
However, in some cases, the enlarged ovary may twist or become dysfunctional. Ovarian cancer and benign tumors may also lead to an enlarged ovary. Common causes of an enlarged ovary include: Corpus luteum cyst (cyst present in the second half of the menstrual cycle) Dermoid cyst (benign tumor also known as a teratoma) Follicle cyst (cyst that forms during the menstrual cycle) Endometrioma (endometriosis affecting the ovary)
Cause of ovarian endometrioma Ovarian endometrioma, a subtype of endo-metriosis, affects 17â44% of women with endo-metriosis [4,5]. Ovarian endometriomas, also known as âchocolate cystsâ, contain thick, old blood that appears as a brown fluid. The patho-genesis of ovarian endometriomas is a contro-