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The definition of an atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element. Three for lithium and 20 for calcium are each an example of an atomic number.
The atomic number refers to the number of protons in an elements nucleus. Each element has a unique atomic number and is known by that number until it receives an official name. For example, the two new superheavy elements 113 and 115 have 113 and 115 protons, respectively, in their nuclei.