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Diamond carat weight is the measurement of how much a diamond weighs. A metric carat is defined as 200 milligrams. Each carat can be subdivided into 100 'points.' This allows very precise measurements to the hundredth decimal place. A jeweler may describe the weight of a diamond below one carat by its 'points' alone.
These seeds are small and uniform in weight; therefore, they were a standard for weighing gemstones in early times. Around 1920, the metric carat was adopted as an international standard. One carat equals a fifth of a gram (0.20 grams), so there are five carats to the gram. Tavernier's Law. Generally, as a gemstone's carat weight increases, so does the price per carat. The following shows how the price of a diamond might increase with this formula applied to a $1000 a carat base price.