Mutations in these genes result in abnormal or failed development of polarization in the Drosophila embryo. Nusslein-Volhard's experiments in 1979 identified and characterized all mutant alleles that affected the dorsal-ventral axis. Genes affecting dorsal-ventral polarization fall into two categories:
Biological warfare (BW)âalso known as germ warfare âis the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi with the intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war.
An absence of war is usually called peace. Warfare refers to the common activities and characteristics of types of war, or of wars in general.[1] Total war is warfare that is not restricted to purely legitimate military targets, and can result in massive civilian or other non-combatant suffering and casualties.