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Optometry and Optometrists. Optometry is a vision care specialty that is concerned with the health of the eyes, the visual system, and related structures. An optometrist is a health care professional who specializes in function and disorders of the eye, detection of eye disease, and some types of eye disease management. An optometrist conducts eye examinations, prescribes corrective contact lenses and glasses, and diagnoses and treats eye diseases and disorders.
retinascope and trial frame image by hazel proudlove from Fotolia.com. An optometrist---not to be confused with an ophthalmologist---is a general eye care practitioner, somewhat like a dentist for the eyes. Optometrists can give eye exams, prescribe medications and perform other duties relating to routine eye care. An optometrist is different from an ophthalmologist in that only ophthalmologists are required to have a broad knowledge of general medicine and only they can perform major eye surgery.