Public opinion polls evolved from a book called Public Opinions in 1922 by Walter Lippmann who stressed the importantce of public opinions for policy makers. The first successful straw poll was also published in 1916.
Times Interest Earned - TIE. Loading the player... Times interest earned (TIE) is a metric used to measure a company's ability to meet its debt obligations. The formula is calculated by taking a company's earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) and dividing it by the total interest payable on bonds and other contractual debt.
Notes under a slur (which can be two or more) are to be played legato--or smoothly. A tie is a rhythmic (durational) indication. A tie means there is to be no break between two notes, thus extending their duration as one unit. For example, two tied quarter notes have the same duration as a half note.