Bowel diversion surgery allows stool to safely leave the body when (because of disease or injury) the large intestine is removed or needs time to heal. Bowel is a general term for any part of the small or large intestine.
A topical medication is a medication that is applied to a particular place on or in the body, as opposed to systemically.
Topical estrogen is a type of cream, spray or patch that is applied directly to the skin and contains the hormone estrogen. There are many methods of introducing synthetic or natural estrogen hormones into the body.