Mutations in these genes result in abnormal or failed development of polarization in the Drosophila embryo. Nusslein-Volhard's experiments in 1979 identified and characterized all mutant alleles that affected the dorsal-ventral axis. Genes affecting dorsal-ventral polarization fall into two categories:
Biological warfare (BW)âalso known as germ warfare âis the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi with the intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war.
Cyber warfare-Using computers and the Internet to attack others via their computer systems. Targets may include military computer networks, power grids, banks, and government and media Web sites. Most often the goal is to disrupt the functioning of the target system.