To learn more about what's happening on the International Space Station at any given time, check out NASA's frequently-updated ISS blog or their page about the research and development work happening on ISS.
Depends on your body type and metabolism and your routine. But usually it takes around 3 to 4 weeks for visible results. For me it took me a couple of months to actually see any progress visually.
Not only can ineffectively fueling your body hinder your performance, but also, eating too much before exercise can interfere with your goals. When it comes to eating before exercise, it's all about timing. No matter what time of day you choose to exercise, make sure to plan your workout two to three hours after your meal. Going overboard with too much food right before a workout will leave you feeling sluggish and can lead to stomach discomfort.