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Atelectasis (from Greek: á¼ÏÎµÎ»Î®Ï, incomplete + á¼ÎºÏÎ±ÏÎ¹Ï, extension) is defined as the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange.
Ventilators can heavily contribute to the onset of atelectasis. Typically, breathing is shallow during the use of a ventilator. This causes a lack of use of the alveoli near the bottom and the back of the lungs, which can induce atelectasis. The other major cause of atelectasis is blockage of airways. This can happen from mucus build-up or other lung disease symptoms, the presence of a foreign object in the airway, or an abnormal growth.