The Protist Kingdom consists of mostly unicellular organisms that can have characteristics similar to plants, animals or fungi. Characteristics of Protists: mostly unicellular, few multicellular, eukaryotic, can be heterotrophic or autotrophic.Ex: algae, Paramecium, kelp (multicellular). î î î.he Protist Kingdom consists of mostly unicellular organisms that can have characteristics similar to plants, animals or fungi. Characteristics of Protists: mostly unicellular, few multicellular, eukaryotic, can be heterotrophic or autotrophic. Ex: algae, Paramecium, kelp (multicellular). î î î.
The active metabolites of codeine, notably morphine, exert their effects by binding to and activating the Î¼-opioid receptor. This occurs because opioids structurally mimic endogenous endorphins which are naturally found within the body and also work upon the Î¼-opioid receptor set.
For instance, for morphine or codeine, active metabolites are formed in the liver and cleared by the kidney and may therefore accumulate in cases of renal dysfunction. In contrast, buprenorphine can be administered at normal doses in patients with renal dysfunction because it is mainly excreted through the liver.