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Phenylketonuria (PKU) is located in the q arm of chromosome 12. It is caused by a mutation of the (PAH) phenylalanine hydroxylase gene. The (PAH) gene produces the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase and it then converts the phenylalanine to tyrosine.enetic Testing. The phenylalanine tolerance test is one form of genetic testing for PKU. It is performed by giving a person a measured amount of phenylalanine and the concentration of phenylalanine in the blood plasma is measured.
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism transmitted genetically. Both parents must be carriers of the gene to produce a child with this condition. When both parents are carriers of the gene, chances of an affected child occurring are one in four for each pregnancy. There is a 50% chance that a child born to these parents will be a carrier of the phenylketonuria gene. There are no known clinical signs of PKU present in a newborn.