Medical Definition of ODONTOLOGY. 1. : a science dealing with the teeth, their structure and development, and their diseases.2. : forensic odontology. â odonÂ·toÂ·logÂ·iÂ·cal \-Ëdaent-ËdÃ¤nt-Él-Ëaej-ËÃ¤j\ i. kÉl adjective. : a science dealing with the teeth, their structure and development, and their diseases. 2. : forensic odontology.
1 See a doctor if canker sores are accompanied by fever, last more than three weeks, or the affected individual has difficulty swallowing.  Multiple factors may cause canker sores, including injury to the mouth, acidic or spicy foods, vitamin deficiencies, hormones, stress, or autoimmune disorders.
Vitamin deficiencies, specifically vitamin B12, foliate (folic acid), and iron, may trigger canker sore development. Hormonal changes, notably during menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause, have been linked to canker sores. Canker sores often run in families. Genetics may be a factor for many canker sore sufferers. Allergic reactions and sensitivities to certain foods may cause a canker sore to develop.