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Speciation, the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution. Speciation involves the splitting of a single evolutionary lineage into two or more genetically independent lineages.
Fruit flies are a primary example of artificial speciation. Another well-known example is domestic sheep. Speciation Results in a New Breed. It is important to note that speciation occurs when there is a new species, not just a new sub-species. For example, many pet owners are excited to own dogs that have been bred together to create a new breed.