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During the digestive period, intestinal phase signals stimulate the release of bile into the small intestine. Fatty acids in the lumen of the duodenum stimulate endocrine cells to release the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK). CCK stimulates contractions in the smooth muscle of the gallbladder. Views.
The role of the parasympathetic nervous system is not clear. There is no evidence that hepatic secretion of bile salts is under neural control. The tone of the gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi regulates the amount of bile that actually enters the duodenum. CCK is the only known physiologic cholecystokinetic gastrointestinal hormone.