1 The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the gonads (ovaries, testicles) operate in a feedback loop, producing and maintaining the levels of sex hormones (androgens and estrogens) that are mainly responsible for the primary and secondary changes of puberty.
Calculation: Here is the formula for FIP: FIP = ((13*HR)+(3*(BB+HBP))-(2*K))/IP + constant. The constant is solely to bring FIP onto an ERA scale and is generally around 3.10. You can find historical FIP constant values here, or you can derive the constant yourself.
Once you have your AIME, the next step in determining your monthly social security benefit is calculating your PIA. The PIA is the sum of three separate percentages of portions of AIME. These portions, known as bend points, depend on the year you reach age 62. If you reach age 62 in 2010, your PIA is the sum of.