Leukodystrophy is one of a group of disorders characterized by degeneration of the white matter in the brain. The word leukodystrophy comes from the Greek roots leuko, white, dys, abnormal, and troph, growth. The leukodystrophies are caused by imperfect growth or development of the myelin sheath, the fatty covering that acts as an insulator around nerve fibers. When damage occurs to white matter, immune responses can lead to inflammation in the CNS, along with loss of myelin. The degenerat
A corneal laceration can be a partial- or full-thickness injury to the cornea. A partial-thickness injury does not violate the globe of the eye (abrasion). A full-thickness injury penetrates completely through the cornea, causing a ruptured globe. This topic discusses the full-thickness injury.
Swelling of the eye, also referred to as periorbital puffiness, refers to the presence of excess fluid in the connective tissues around the eye, most commonly the eyelids. A swollen eye can result from trauma, infections, or other injuries to the eye area. Other signs and symptoms can be associated with swelling of the eye, including excess tear production or discharge, eye irritation, redness, dryness, or obstructed or impaired vision, depending on the cause. Prolonged crying, trauma, or eye injury is a common cause of swollen eyes. Virtually any cause of inflammation to the eye area may manifest as eyelid swelling, although allergic reactions are likely the ...