Vasopressin has three main effects: 1  Increasing the water permeability of distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct cells in the kidney, thus allowing water reabsorption and excretion of more concentrated urine, i.e., antidiuresis.
Some of the complications of gastroparesis include: 1  Food that stays in the stomach too long can ferment, which can lead to the growth of bacteria.  Food in the stomach can harden into a solid collection, called a bezoar. Bezoars can cause obstructions in the stomach that keep food from passing into the small intestine.
Stomach bloating is caused by gas that gets trapped in the intestines and colon. It is normal for the digestive tract to produce gas. Everyone gets gas that gets processed through the mouth and rectum. That gas is produced in the body either by ingesting it when we eat or by being formed during digestion.