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An enlarged heart is medically known as cardiomegaly. Cardiomegaly can be caused by a number of different conditions, including diseases of the heart muscle or heart valves, high blood pressure, arrhythmias, and pulmonary hypertension. Cardiomegaly can also sometimes accompany longstanding anemia and thyroid diseases, among other conditions. Infiltrative diseases of the heart, for example, in which abnormal proteins (amyloidosis) or excess iron (hemochromatosis) accumulate within the tissues of the heart, can also cause an enlargement of the heart.
Get the facts on the causes, risk factors, and symptoms of an enlarged heart (cardiomegaly). An enlarged heart, or cardiomegaly, is the term used to describe a heart that has a thickened wall or dilated chambers. Having a heart that is enlarged is not a disease but a symptom of an underlying medical condition. When there is an increase workload on the heart due to disease, viruses, inflammation, or high blood pressure the heart must work harder to maintain normal function, which can result in an enlarged heart.