Treatment advances have resulted in improved prognosis for patients with cancer metastatic to bone. The management of appendicular skeletal metastases requires a multi-disciplinary approach.reast. Bone is the first site of metastasis in 26% of breast cancer patients. It is the most common site of metastatic disease, both at presentation and as the site of first recurrence. 7 Up to 85% of breast cancer patients develop skeletal metastases at some stage in the disease process.
As has been stated, PRN is an abbreviation for pro re nata, which is Latin for as the situation demands.. It is interpreted by medical personnel to mean as needed.. Technically, a PRN order should specify the indication, although doctors often don't specify (and in the case of certain medications, never specify). This can sometimes lead to confusion.
APN, abbreviation for advanced practice nurse. To assist in diagnosing and monitoring congestive heart failure (CHF) and to differentiate CHF from other causes of dyspnea. Plasma (1 mL) collected in a chilled, lavender-top tube. Specimen should be transported tightly capped and in an ice slurry. (Method: Radioimmunoassay). Atrial natriuretic peptide or atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a hormone secreted from cells in the right atrium of the heart when right atrial pressure increases. The release of this cardiac peptide is stimulated by increases in the stretch of the atrial wall caused by an increase in blood pressure or blood volume. ANF receptors are also stimulated by elevated sodium levels.