Radiation is a carcinogen and causes numerous effects on living organisms and systems. The environmental impacts of nuclear power plant releases such as the Chernobyl disaster, the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and the Three Mile Island accident, among others, persist indefinitely.
Ankle pain is most commonly caused by a sprain. A sprain is an injury to the ligaments connecting the ankle bones. Treatment of sprains includes using crutches, applying ice to the ankle, elevating the foot, using compression bandages, and taking over-the-counter pain relievers.
Acute ankle injury, a common musculoskeletal injury, can cause ankle sprains. Some evidence suggests that previous injuries or limited joint flexibility may contribute to ankle sprains.The initial assessment of an acute ankle injury should include questions about the timing and mechanism of the injury.he immediate goals of treating acute ankle sprain are to decrease pain and swelling and protect ankle ligaments from further injury. 14 The PRICE (Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) treatment protocol for acute ankle injury is commonly used.