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Primary flow element. A primary flow element is the element of a flow meter that serves to indicate the quantity or velocity of flow. For example, in the case of an orifice flow meter, the differential pressure across the orifice plate is the primary flow element.
DP flowmeters measure the drop in pressure across a flow element in the piping, such as an orifice plate. The measured flowrate is a function of the pressure drop. So the flowmeter consists of the flow element in the piping, as well as a nearby differential-pressure meter. Small tubes, called impulse lines, on either side of the flow element lead to the DP meter for measurement.