Vasopressin has three main effects: 1  Increasing the water permeability of distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct cells in the kidney, thus allowing water reabsorption and excretion of more concentrated urine, i.e., antidiuresis.
It can be caused by damage to the vagus nerve, which regulates the digestive system. A damaged vagus nerve prevents the muscles in the stomach and intestine from functioning, preventing food from moving through the digestive system properly. Often, the cause of gastroparesis is unknown.
Fortunately, stomach cancers are a very rare cause of gas and bloating; however, it does happen. This is caused by a tumor developing inside the stomach, causing problems such as bloating, gas, a feeling of fullness or discomfort. A hard stomach might also be one of the symptoms of stomach cancer.