1 The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the gonads (ovaries, testicles) operate in a feedback loop, producing and maintaining the levels of sex hormones (androgens and estrogens) that are mainly responsible for the primary and secondary changes of puberty.
Calculation: Here is the formula for FIP: FIP = ((13*HR)+(3*(BB+HBP))-(2*K))/IP + constant. The constant is solely to bring FIP onto an ERA scale and is generally around 3.10. You can find historical FIP constant values here, or you can derive the constant yourself.
To calculate FICA withholding, Acme should proceed as follows: 1  Calculate the Social Security taxable income. 2  Acme must first calculate the amount of John's pay subject to Social Security tax. Since there is no limit on Medicare withholding, and John's pay is not subject to any pretax deductions, the amount of his pay subject to Medicare tax is also $800. 2  Calculate the Social Security tax. 3  Acme multiplies the 2015 employee Social Security tax rate of 6.2% by the taxable income amount of $800.