Routing Protocol Definition. A routing protocol is a set of rules used by routers to determine the most appropriate paths into which they should forward packets towards their intended destinations.
Spindle fibers are protein structures that form early in mitosis, or cell division. They consist of microtubules that originate from the centrioles, two wheel-shaped bodies located in the centromere area of the cell. The centromere is also known as the microtubule organizing center.
During this stage, the microtubules, or spindle fibers, pull the homologous chromosomes apart and move them to opposite ends of the cell. Telophase I is next. Here the spindle fibers are broken up, new nuclear membranes form, the chromosomes uncoil, and the cell divides into two daughter cells. The next phase of meiosis is called Meiosis II. This begins with prophase II. During this stage the chromosomes condense once again, the nuclear membrane breaks down, and the spindle apparatus forms in each of the two new cells. This is followed by metaphase II. Here the spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes and again align them at the middle of the new cells. Next, during anaphase II, the sister chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cells, and the cells elongate.