Other common alloys and some new superalloys comprise most of the remainder of world nickel use, with chemical uses for nickel compounds consuming less than 3% of production. As a compound, nickel has a number of niche chemical manufacturing uses, such as a catalyst for hydrogenation.
The Journal of Pan African Studies (JPAS) was established in Fresno, California in 1987 by the California Institute of Pan African Studies. ISSN: 1942-6569 (2006 - present); ISSN: 0888-6601 (1987-1988); ISSN: 2156-5600 (Africology: The Journal of Pan African Studies); OCLC: 13683769.
IBM and the World Bank first introduced financial swaps to the public in 1981 when they entered into a swap agreement. The IBM PC, originally designated IBM 5150, was introduced in 1981, and it soon became an industry standard. In 1991, IBM sold printer manufacturer Lexmark. In 1993, IBM posted a US$8 billion loss-at the time the biggest in American corporate history.