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photorespiration. In a plant cell, the breakdown of a two-carbon compound produced by the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle produces the two-carbon compound, instead of its usual three-carbon product G3P, when leaf cells fix O2, instead of CO2. Photorespiration produces no sugar molecules or ATP.
â¢ Starch is a complex carbohydrate, whereas sugar is a simple carbohydrate. â¢ Starch is made up of long chains of simple sugar called glucose, whereas sugar can be made up of either a single sugar molecule or two simple sugar molecules linking together by a glycosidic bond.tarch vs Sugar. Starch and sugars are two types of carbohydrates found in food. Carbohydrates are the organic compounds, made up of carbon (c), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) in the ratio of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms for every one carbon atom (CH 2 O).