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When magma reaches the surface of the earth, it is called lava. Since it its a liquid, it flows downhill in response to gravity as a lava flows. Different magma types behave differently as lava flows, depending on their temperature, viscosity, and gas content. Lava flows are produced on the surface, and these run like liquids down slope, along the lowest areas they can find. 2  If the magma emerges along a fracture, it results in a fissure eruption, often called a curtain of fire. 3  Lava flows produced by eruptions under water are called pillow lavas.
Volcanic eruptions are caused when magma from the magma chamber of the Earth rises up the pipe and out of the vent.Magma is continuously supplied from the mantle of the Earth. Shield volcanoes usually have a gentle eruption, as it contains basic lava.nother type of eruption in what is known as a boiler volcano results from water that gets trapped inside porous rock, and is then heated by the mantle, until is turns into steam and the steam pressure causes the volcano to explode. These explosions can be extremely large.