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photorespiration. In a plant cell, the breakdown of a two-carbon compound produced by the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle produces the two-carbon compound, instead of its usual three-carbon product G3P, when leaf cells fix O2, instead of CO2. Photorespiration produces no sugar molecules or ATP.
Simple Sugars. Ribose contains five carbon atoms in a ring, which makes it a simple sugar or monosaccharide. Disaccharides consist of two sugars bonded together; common table sugar, or sucrose, contains fructose and glucose, so it's a disaccharide.he sugar ribose also makes up part of the structure of RNA. One of the simplest sugars, ribose plays an integral part in biochemistry. Ribonucleic acid, or RNA, gets its structure from ribose chains.