In 2000, Illinois declared a moratorium on executions after 13 death-row inmates were exonerated. âEvan Thomas et al., Newsweek, 19 Nov. 2007; But one country's moratorium is another country's protectionism, and the U.S. is suspicious of Europe's actions.
Restrictive lung diseases are characterized by reduced lung volumes, either because of an alteration in lung parenchyma or because of a disease of the pleura, chest wall, or neuromuscular apparatus.
In an obstructive lung disease, airway obstruction causes an increase in resistance. During normal breathing, the pressure volume relationship is no different from in a normal lung. However, when breathing rapidly, greater pressure is needed to overcome the resistance to flow, and the volume of each breath gets smaller.