Leon Berger. Noted improvements to the guillotine machine were made in 1870 by the assistant executioner and carpenter Leon Berger. Berger added a spring system, which stopped the mouton at the bottom of the groves. He added a lock/blocking device at the lunette and a new release mechanism for the blade.
An observatory is a place for observing, or studying, natural objects and events on Earth or in space. An astronomical observatory is a place to observe space. Scientists use this type of observatory to gather information about stars, planets, comets, and other things outside Earthâs atmosphere.
The Chandra X-Ray observatory is one of NASA'a four Great Observatories. The Great Observatories, each designed to observe a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum, also includes the Hubble Space Telescope, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.he Spitzer Space Telescope is one of NASA'a four Great Observatories. The Great Observatories, each designed to observe a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum, also includes the Hubble Space Telescope, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, and the Chandra X-Ray observatory.