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The carotid arteries are major blood vessels in the neck that supply blood to the brain, neck, and face. There are two carotid arteries, one on the right and one on the left. In the neck, each carotid artery branches into two divisions: The internal carotid artery supplies blood to the brain.
The media, a layer of muscle that lets arteries handle the high pressures from the heart; The adventitia, connective tissue anchoring arteries to nearby tissues; The largest artery is the aorta, the main high-pressure pipeline connected to the heart's left ventricle. The aorta branches into a network of smaller arteries that extend throughout the body. The arteries' smaller branches are called arterioles and capillaries. The pulmonary arteries carry oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs under low pressure, making these arteries unique. Conditions of the Arteries Atherosclerosis: The buildup of cholesterol (a waxy substance) into what are called plaques in the arteries' walls.