The prognosis of isolated volar plate sprains of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is related to the extension deficit. Some consider an associated avulsion fracture as a sign of severity. The goal of this study was to find out whether the outcomes of conservative treatment in PIP volar plate injury was impacted by the presence of an avulsion fracture.
Heartburn is a very common digestive problem linked to acid reflux, a condition where stomach acid and other contents flow backward from the stomach into the esophagus. This causes heartburn symptoms like burning sensations, chest pain, a sour taste in the mouth, and sometimes coughing or gassiness. Risk factors and causes of heartburn include eating a poor diet, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, older age and high levels of inflammation.
Heartburn is actually a symptom of GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), and is caused by acid refluxing back into the esophagus. Risk factors include those that increase the production of acid in the stomach, as well as structural problems that allow acid reflux into the esophagus. Some common foods that we eat and drink, stimulate increased stomach acid secretion setting the stage for heartburn.