(800)222-2114. Claims: (877)224-5677. American Commerce Insurance Company is part of the MAPFRE Insurance group. They originated in Massachusetts as The Commerce Group, Inc. (CGI), founded in the town of Webster, Massachusetts in 1972. They are the largest private passenger automobile insurer, homeownersâ insurer and commercial automobile insurer in Massachusetts.
FREE subscriptions for doctors and students... You have 3 open access pages. The oblique fissures divide the lung on both sides into upper and lower lobes. The upper lobe on the right is further subdivided by the horizontal fissure into definitive upper lobe - above the fissure - and middle lobe - below the fissure. The fissures extend from the surface of the lung to its hilum. Along this route, visceral pleura apposes visceral pleura.
A small number of chronic fissures heal without intervention but the vast majority do not. The treatment of chronic anal fissure is directed at reducing the spasm of the internal anal sphincter and hence, anal canal pressure. Traditionally this has been achieved surgically by sphincterotomy, where part of the internal anal sphincter is divided, but more recently various pharmacological agents have been shown to lower resting anal pressure and promote healing.