An absorbing dynamometer acts as a load that is driven by the prime mover that is under test (e.g. Pelton wheel). The dynamometer must be able to operate at any speed and load to any level of torque that the test requires.
Other factors which may contribute to flooding include: 1  volume, spatial distribution, intensity and duration of rainfall over a catchment; 2  the capacity of the watercourse or stream network to convey runoff; 3  catchment and weather conditions prior to a rainfall event; 4  ground cover; 5  topography; and. 6  tidal influences.
1 Dry soil can produce flooding when very intense rainfall occurs. 2  In the West, most canyons, small streams and dry arroyos are not easily recognizable as a source of danger. 3  A wall of water 10-15 feet high can scour a canyon suddenly. 4  Ice jams and snowmelt can help cause flash floods.