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Magma in Earth's Mantle Forms Deeper Than Once Thought. Study simulating pressures in mantle beneath the ocean floor shows that rocks can melt at depths up to 250 kilometers. When magma reaches Earth's surface and erupts from a volcano, it becomes lava.
1 The magma chamber is a collection of magma inside the Earth, below the volcano. 2  The main vent is the main outlet for the magma to escape. 3  Secondary vents are smaller outlets through which magma escapes.4  The crater is created after an eruption blows the top off the volcano. The magma chamber is a collection of magma inside the Earth, below the volcano. 2  The main vent is the main outlet for the magma to escape. 3  Secondary vents are smaller outlets through which magma escapes.