Secondary leg cramps are caused by an underlying condition or another identifiable cause. These include: 1  pregnancy: the extra weight of pregnancy can place strain on the leg muscles, making them more vulnerable to cramping. 2  exercise: leg cramps are often experienced when resting after exercise.
Berlin Conference. Main article: Berlin Conference. The occupation of Egypt, and the acquisition of the Congo were the first major moves in what came to be a precipitous scramble for African territory. In 1884, Otto von Bismarck convened the 1884â1885 Berlin Conference to discuss the Africa problem.
The Berlin Conference established those ground rules. Back to Africa South of the Sahara Chronology Back to European Diplomacy Chronology Back to The New Imperialism. Chronology Otto von Bismarck was the principal architect of the Berlin Conference.The exploration of Africa by Europeans started with the Portuguese sailing along Africa's coast in 1450. The success the Portuguese had on these voyages encouraged other European naval powers to explore Africa.he Berlin Conference established those ground rules. Back to Africa South of the Sahara Chronology Back to European Diplomacy Chronology Back to The New Imperialism. Chronology Otto von Bismarck was the principal architect of the Berlin Conference.