The price of the device has been steadily increasedâby 32 percent in the past year aloneâbut not because the cost of the raw materials was increasing (a typical dose of epinephrine still costs about a dollar). The profit margin of the EpiPen was 9 percent in 2008. Today itâs 55 percent.
Frost is a form of ice and can only survive at temperatures of 32 degrees Fahrenheit and below. But that doesnât mean the measured air temperature must be 32 or below for frost to form on a surface.
On average, the temperature on Mars is about minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 60 degrees Celsius). In winter, near the poles temperatures can get down to minus 195 degrees F (minus 125 degrees C). A summer day on Mars may get up to 70 degrees F (20 degrees C) near the equator, but at night the temperature can plummet to about minus 100 degrees F (minus 73 C). Frost forms on the rocks at night, but as dawn approaches and the air gets warmer, the frost turns to vapor, and there is 100 percent humidity until it evaporates.