Secondary leg cramps are caused by an underlying condition or another identifiable cause. These include: 1  pregnancy: the extra weight of pregnancy can place strain on the leg muscles, making them more vulnerable to cramping. 2  exercise: leg cramps are often experienced when resting after exercise.
Berlin Conference. Main article: Berlin Conference. The occupation of Egypt, and the acquisition of the Congo were the first major moves in what came to be a precipitous scramble for African territory. In 1884, Otto von Bismarck convened the 1884â1885 Berlin Conference to discuss the Africa problem.
Partition of Africa is Number 89 in a series of more than 160 studies produced by the section, most of which were published after the conclusion of the 1919 Paris Peace Conference. The study covers the process by which, by the end of the 19th century, almost the whole of the African continent had been divided up and colonized by the European powers.