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While an 18-gauge, or a catheter measuring 0.234 inches (about 5.94 mm), used to be the standard, the development of short peripheral catheters with smaller but stronger walls made it possible to use a smaller size for a larger fluid flow.
When a 22-gauge catheter is used, the technologist should adjust the injection rate to < 3.0 cc/sec in adults (2.0 cc/sec. in pediatrics) to suit the smaller bore catheter. A small peripheral line IV of 24 gauge, may only be used for contrast by hand injection. Before initiating the injection, the position of the catheter tip should be checked for venous backflow by withdrawing blood and flushing with normal saline. A saline test flush may be used to test the power injection.