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In this simulation, students investigate both ionic and covalent bonding. Students will have the opportunity to interact with many possible combinations of atoms and will be tasked with determining the type of bond and the number of atom needed to form each.
The energy difference between these 2 sets of d-orbitals is called the splitting parameter, Î´ o. The magnitude of Î´ o is determined by the field-strength of the ligand: strong field ligands, by definition, increase Î´ o more than weak field ligands.or example, an imido ligand in the ionic form has three lone pairs. One lone pair is used as a sigma X donor, the other two lone pairs are available as L type pi donors. If both lone pairs are used in pi bonds then the M-N-R geometry is linear.