Tort law is different from criminal law in that: (1) torts may result from negligent as well as intentional or criminal actions and (2) tort lawsuits have a lower burden of proof such as preponderance of evidence rather than beyond a reasonable doubt.
Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of foot arch pain. It is usually painful after activity or prolonged rest e.g. first thing in the morning. Find out more including how to treat and prevent the condition in the Plantar Fasciitis section.
More generalized pain on the top of the foot with swelling or a thickness to the foot may be caused by degenerative arthritis. This is seen in people with flatfeet or a slowly collapsing arch. Another area of degenerative arthritis that causes pain on the top of the foot is in the area of the big toe joint. Jamming of the joint will cause bone spurring to occur on the top of the foot. Pressure from the shoe can cause pain.