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Toyota TPMS. TPMS or a Tire Pressure Monitoring System is fitted to Toyota cars to provide a warning of low pressure on any one of four or five tires on the vehicle (five if TPMS fitted in spare). A TPMS from one of two manufacturers is fitted as part of the valve assembly in all Toyota cars according to the table shown below.
The Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor is used by the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) for engine load input. The PCM uses this input, as well as others, to calculate the correct amount of fuel to inject into the cylinders. The MAP sensor measures the absolute pressure inside the intake manifold of the engine. At sea level, atmospheric pressure is about 14.7 psi (pounds per square inch). When the engine is off, the absolute pressure inside the intake equals atmospheric pressure, so the MAP will indicate about 14.7 psi. At a perfect vacuum, the MAP sensor will read 0 psi. When the engine is running, the downward motion of the pistons create a vacuum inside the intake manifold (For the purposes of engine control, when a technician says vacuum, what they are really saying is pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure).