Â© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. An inverse relationship between household income and violence exposure in youth hasbeen reported in numerous studies (e.g., Garbarino & Crouter, 1978; Gelles, 1992; Gelles& Straus, 1979; Steinberg, Catalano, & Dooley, 1981).
The head, attached to the top of the vertebral column, is balanced, moved, and rotated by the neck muscles (). When these muscles act unilaterally, the head rotates. When they contract bilaterally, the head flexes or extends. The major muscle that laterally flexes and rotates the head is the sternocleidomastoid.
In the cervical spine, we are looking to increase range of motion in. 1  Flexion (bringing your head and neck forward) 2  Extension (bringing your head and neck back- looking up the ceiling) 3  Lateral Flexion (right ear to the right shoulder, same on the left)  Rotation (turning your head and neck from side to side)