Once a client is presented with the HSTS policy, it caches the information for the specified max-age period. During that period, the browser refuses to access the web service over unencrypted HTTP, and refuses to grant exceptions to certificate errors (if the site previously presented a valid, trusted certificate).
A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. The term laser originated as an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
A fiber laser can be end- or side-pumped (see Fig. 2). In end-pumping, the light from one or many pump lasers is fired into the end of the fiber. In side-pumping, pump light is coupled into the side of the fiber; actually, it is fed into a coupler that couples it into the outer core.