Hemispherical combustion chamber. In this design combustion chamber is approximately the shape of hemisphere. An intake valve is on one side of the combustion chamber and an exhaust valve is on the other. This provides a cross flow the air-fuel mixture enters the chamber on one side and combustion gases on the other.
Congress set up PBGC to insure the defined-benefit pensions of working Americans. Defined-benefit pension plans are traditional pensions that pay a certain amount each month after you retire. If you have a pension from a private-sector job, you are probably one of the 44 million Americans covered by PBGC insurance protection. PBGC insures nearly 26,000 pension plans.
The most common type of defined benefit plan offered to new hires is a hybrid pension, which is a combination of 401(k) plan and a cash balance fund and is typically less generous than a traditional pension. Fourteen percent of the companies studied offered hybrid plans in 2013, unchanged from the previous year. Only 7 percent of employers studied offer new employees traditional pensions, which pay out a certain amount at retirement based on a workerâs pay and how long they stayed with a ...