Cervical Sprain and Strain Cervical sprain or cervical strain is a neck injury, which results in stiffness, pain, weakness, and muscle spasm. A sprain is an injury to the ligament, a tissue connecting bone to bone or a joint capsule providing joint stability.
Retaining Wall Costs. The cost of a retaining wall depends on the material chosen, the overall height of the wall and the length of the wall. Wood retaining walls start at $15 per square foot, while concrete retaining walls start at $20 per square foot.
Wooden retaining walls start at around $20 per square foot including materials and installation if using cost-effective pressure treated lumber. Hardwoods such as redwood, Cyprus or mahogany will raise the price over $30 per surface square foot but add an element of beauty to your wall. Railroad ties are the most commonly used wood for a retaining wall, and prices for this type of wall cost between $25 and $30 per square foot of wall. Untreated or soft woods are not recommended for retaining wall construction due to their susceptibility to rot and water damage.