Allentown is 50 miles (80 km) north-northwest of Philadelphia, the fifth most populous city in the United States, 90 miles (140 km) east-northeast of Harrisburg, the state capital, and 90 miles (140 km) west of New York City, the nation's largest city.
Mitochondria is the organelle that uses energy from organic compounds like pyruvate to make ATP, or adenosine triphosphate.
The mitochondrial enzyme ATP synthase plays a crucial role in the process. ATP synthase is a protein complex that is essentially a proton-driven rotary motor that produces ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (P i). ATP serves as the energy currency of the cell and can be thought of as an available source of chemical energy.