1 1902 Willis Haviland Carrier invented the first air conditioner to control the temperature and humidity of a printing company, marking the first time effort taken to control the temperature of the surroundings. 2  This starts the history of air conditioning.
Following the introduction and widespread use of central venous catheters (CVCs) in adult patients, these devices are now frequently used also in the pediatric population. They have become an indispensable route for venous access, especially in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).
Central venous catheters have a number of different uses, including the delivery of fluid or medications, monitoring of special blood pressures including the central venous pressure, the pulmonary artery pressure, and the pulmonary capillary wedge pressures, and the estimation of cardiac output and vascular resistance.