A baraita leads to the inference that the hakham was always the director of a school (bet ha-midrash), for in addition to the Great Sanhedrin, which later came to take the place of an academy, there were also private academies under the direction of eminent scholars. The origin of the office of hakham is as doubtful as its duration. Frankel thinks that Joshua ben Hananiah, who lived in the beginning of the second century C.E., was the first hakham, but he does not sufficiently support this assertion.
By Mayo Clinic Staff. A broken toe is a common injury that most often occurs when you drop something on your foot or stub your toe. In most cases, a broken toe can be immobilized by taping it to a neighboring toe. But if the fracture is severe â particularly if it involves your big toe â you may need a cast or even surgery to ensure that your broken toe heals properly. Most broken toes heal well, usually within four to six weeks.
Medical treatment for a broken toe depends on which toe is broken, where in the toe the break is, and the severity of the break. If you do not have diabetes or peripheral arterial disease, your toe can be buddy-taped  to your uninjured toe next to it. Protect the skin by putting some soft padding, such as felt or foam, between your toes before you tape them together. Your injured toe may need to be buddy-taped for 2 to 4 weeks to heal.