A definition of the term encoding variability principle is presented. The principle was formulated by the American psychologist Gordon Howard Bower. Encoding variability refers to the degree of variability in the environment and mood in which one learns the same material.
Increasing Your German Shepherdâs Lifespan. While German Shepherds can live 11 years on average, you can find a way to make your best dog buddies stay longer by your side. The key is in ensuring that they are getting the right amount of nutrition and exercise. Here are some tips on how to make that happen. Maintain a healthy weight.
The median lifespans for breeds similar in size to Australian Shepherds are mostly between 11 and 13 years, so, assuming the results of the UK study are not representative of the population there, Aussies appear to have a typical lifespan for a breed their size.