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In single-cell organisms, mitosis is the only form of cellular reproduction. One round of mitosis yields two genetically identical cells. In bacteria, this process results in an entirely new, independent organism. This is classified as asexual reproduction because it does not require sex for the creation of new organisms. In multi-cellular organisms, like ourselves, mitosis only occurs in somatic cells, which comprise all cells in an organism excluding germ cells.
B. Sexual reproduction requires meiosis and fertilization. I. Comparing Sexual With Asexual Reproduction. A. In asexual reproduction, one parent passes a duplicate of its genes (DNA molecules) to its offÂ­spring, which can only be genetically identical clones of the parent. B. In sexual reproduction, each parent contributes one gene for each trait. 1. Genes for each trait come in slightly different forms called alleles, originally produced by mutations. 2. Meiosis shuffles the alleles during gamete formation, and fertilization produces offspring with unique combinations of alleles.