This process is called sublimation. The opposite (deposition) is where a gas turns directly into a solid. Sublimation occurs if the pressure and temperature are right for the specific substance, so that the solid phase in a phase diagram borders the gas phase.
Most cicadas go through a life cycle that lasts from two to five years. Some species have much longer life cycles, such as the North American genus, Magicicada, which has a number of distinct broods that go through either a 17-year or, in some parts of the world, a 13-year life cycle.
The longest known life cycles for cicadas are 13 and 17 years. These life cycles occur in populations of periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.), which are medium-size, woodland cicadas that emerge from the ground in massive numbers every 13 or 17 years.