A definition of the term encoding variability principle is presented. The principle was formulated by the American psychologist Gordon Howard Bower. Encoding variability refers to the degree of variability in the environment and mood in which one learns the same material.
Increasing Your German Shepherdâs Lifespan. While German Shepherds can live 11 years on average, you can find a way to make your best dog buddies stay longer by your side. The key is in ensuring that they are getting the right amount of nutrition and exercise. Here are some tips on how to make that happen. Maintain a healthy weight.
More Wolf Factsâ¦. The average lifespan of a wolf in the wild is from 6 to 8 years. However, in captivity they can live up to 16 years. They donât seem to have a problem adjusting to life in captivity. Most of the locations where they are kept try to keep the habitat as natural as they possibly can for them.