Just a note to the stopping distances of a vehicle....these facts and figures are for a driver who is alert and well rested, in good health and not impaired by alcohol or medication. Weather and road conditions, as well as type of vehicle and weight of load being carried can also affect these stopping distance.
The Electoral College is a process, not a place. The founding fathers established it in the Constitution as a compromise between election of the President by a vote in Congress and election of the President by a popular vote of qualified citizens.
Apportionment in theory. The simplest and most universal principle is that elections should give each voter's intentions equal weight. This is both intuitive and stated in historical documents such as the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (the Equal Protection Clause).