A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision. Most cataracts are related to aging. Cataracts are very common in older people. By age 80, more than half of all Americans either have a cataract or have had cataract surgery.
Acetylcholine. Acetylcholine (ACh) is the transmitter released by the preganglionic nerve terminals of both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions (Fig 6.2). The synapse at those sites utilizes a nicotinic receptor similar in structure to the receptor at the neuromuscular junction.
Muscle contraction ends when calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, allowing the contractile apparatus and, thus, muscle cell to relax. During stimulation of the muscle cell, the motor neuron releases the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which travels across the neuromuscular junction (the synapse between the terminal bouton of the neuron and the muscle cell).