Not only does its name anticipate the American document of a century later, the English Bill of Rights anticipates some of the American billâs specific provisionsâfor example, the Eighth Amendmentâs ban on excessive bail and fines and on cruel and unusual punishment.
If the leaf contains carotene, as do the leaves of birch and hickory, it will change from green to bright yellow as the chlorophyll disappears. In some trees, as the concentration of sugar in the leaf increases, the sugar reacts to form anthocyanins. These pigments cause the yellowing leaves to turn red.
How does autumn color happen? Three factors influence autumn leaf color-leaf pigments, length of night and weather, but not quite in the way we think. The timing of color change and leaf fall are primarily regulated by the calendar, that is, the increasing length of night. As days grow shorter, and nights grow longer and cooler, biochemical processes in the leaf begin to paint the landscape with Nature's autumn palette.