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Direct material cost is the cost of the raw materials and components used to create a product. The materials must be easily identifiable with the resulting product (otherwise they are considered to be joint costs). The direct material cost is one of the few variable costs involved in the production process; as such, it is used in the derivation of throughput from production processes. Throughput is sales minus all totally variable expenses. Examples of direct materials are: 1  The timber used to construct a house. 2  The steel included in an automobile. 3  The circuit board included in a radio. 4  The fabric used to assemble clothing.
Product costs are also called variable costs. It refers to that cost which varies in direct proportion to the volume of output. The cost per unit of product cost remains unchanged as production increases or decreases but total cost increases. So such type of costs are called product costs. For example; cost of direct material, direct labor and direct expenses. Image Source:advancedmp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/cost_roller.jpg. Period cost is the fixed cost. It refers to that cost which remains unchanged by change in volume of out put. Fixed cost per unit decreases as production increases and increases as production declines.