The tRNA anticodons are complementary to the cod â¦ ons (three nucleotide sequence that represents an amino acid) on mRNA and allow them to be identified by the ribosome. In detail, translation is the second process of making a protein or polypeptide, the first being transcription.
The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; however, in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine andâin certain archaeaâpyrrolysine.
Each gene, a distinct segment of DNA codes for a different protein. Proteins are important molecules as they are structural parts of an organism, can be enzymes or hormones. If a gene has a mutation, the protein may have limited or no function.ach gene, a distinct segment of DNA codes for a different protein. Proteins are important molecules as they are structural parts of an organism, can be enzymes or hormones. If a gene has a mutation, the protein may have limited or no function.