The tRNA anticodons are complementary to the cod â¦ ons (three nucleotide sequence that represents an amino acid) on mRNA and allow them to be identified by the ribosome. In detail, translation is the second process of making a protein or polypeptide, the first being transcription.
The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; however, in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine andâin certain archaeaâpyrrolysine.
From DNA to protein. But how does DNA code for protein? (also referred to as the Central Dogma) To make protein from DNA we first need to take a different step. That is to make RNA from DNA. RNA is important for a lot of different functions but I will only talk about messenger RNA here, which is used to synthesize protein from.