The tRNA anticodons are complementary to the cod â¦ ons (three nucleotide sequence that represents an amino acid) on mRNA and allow them to be identified by the ribosome. In detail, translation is the second process of making a protein or polypeptide, the first being transcription.
The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; however, in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine andâin certain archaeaâpyrrolysine.
A DNA sequence that encodes for a protein has a linear sequence of the letters, G,C,A and T arranged in sets of 3 letters called codons. Each codon specifies a particular amino acid in the order it occurs in the protein itself. Thus, the DNA sequence of the coding region can be translated directly into the amino acid sequence of a protein.