Ciliate conjugation is a sexual phenomenon that results in genetic recombination and nuclear reorganization within the cell. In most ciliate groups, however, the cells separate after conjugation, and both form new macronuclei from their micronuclei.
Before the bun, hamburgers are said to have been served between two pieces of bread. In fact, a ground beef patty was known as Hamburger steak (first mentioned in an American cookbook in 1891); when this was put between bread or in a bun it was called a Hamburger sandwich.
The two burger chains started out as totally separate entities, one in the West and one in the East. Carlâs Jr. is the elder statesman of the two, founded as a Los Angeles hot dog stand in 1941 by Carl Karcher. Business thrived, and five years later there were five full-sized Carlâs Drive-In Barbecue restaurants, which by then had begun serving hamburgers.