An able airman with a disqualify-. ing diagnosis, after FAA review, is given. a letter that permits any Aviation Medi-. cal Examiner to certify after reviewing. the pilot's current medical status, with-. out involving the bureaucracy.
Normal Lung Sounds. Normal breath sounds are classified as tracheal, bronchial, and vesicular sounds. The patterns of normal breath sounds are created by the effect of body structures on air moving through airway. Normal lung sounds can be considered abnormal when the sound occurs in an area in which the sounds should not be present.
BASIC HEART SOUNDS. Normal. The two major sounds heard in the normal heart sound like âlub dubâ. The â lubâ is the first heart sound, commonly termed S1, and is caused by turbulence caused by the closure of mitral and tricuspid valves at the start of systole. The second sound,â dubâ or S2, is caused by the closure of aortic and pulmonic valves, marking the end of systole. Thus the time period elapsing between the first heart sound and second sound defines systole (ventricular ejection) and the time between the second sound and the following first sound defines diastole (ventricular filling).