The tRNA anticodons are complementary to the cod â¦ ons (three nucleotide sequence that represents an amino acid) on mRNA and allow them to be identified by the ribosome. In detail, translation is the second process of making a protein or polypeptide, the first being transcription.
The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; however, in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine andâin certain archaeaâpyrrolysine.
DNA is a. polymer of nucleotides. ï· Proteins are polymers of amino acids. The specific sequence of amino acids determines. the structure and function of the protein. Proteins have many important functions in cells, including protein enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions, transport proteins and. structural proteins.