United States. The Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution states that cruel and unusual punishments [shall not be] inflicted.. The general principles the United States Supreme Court relied on to decide whether or not a particular punishment was cruel and unusual were determined by Justice William Brennan.
Location of Bydgoszcz on a map. Bydgoszcz is a city found in Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland. It is located 53.12 latitude and 18.01 longitude and it is situated at elevation 37 meters above sea level. Bydgoszcz has a population of 366,452 making it the biggest city in Kujawsko-Pomorskie. It operates on the CEST time zone.
On the north Poland is bordered by the Baltic Sea, Russia, and Lithuania; on the east by Belarus and Ukraine; on the south by Slovakia and the Czech Republic; and on the west by Germany. Originally, the capital was Cracow (KrakÃ³w), but in 1611 it was moved to Warsaw (Warszawa), the current seat of government.