However, they are probably best known for the roles they play in the immune systemâs defense against disease-causing organisms. 1  As part of the immune response, cytokines exert their influence over various white blood cells (leukocytes), including lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages.
Renal parenchymal echohenicity is a kind of imaging terminology, which can present some renal abnormalities. In most condition, increased renal parenchymal echogenicity indicates that there is a certain degree of kidney damage or renal parenchymal inflammation.
Parenchymal echogenicity. Parenchyma is the functional part of some vital organs in the body. It forms the middle or central region of brain, heart, lungs, pancreas, spleen and placenta. The echogenic nature of parenchyma makes it highly reliable in diagnosing any minor or major defect in the structure of an organ.everal kidney disorders can cause increased echogenicity. Renal cortex, which constitutes the outside portion of the kidney, is an important parameter in evaluating the results of ultrasonography. It can clearly demonstrate changes in the cortical structures. It is also called renal cortical echogenicity.