The outer circle of stars shall be so arranged that one star shall appear directly in the middle at the top of the circle, and the word Indiana shall be placed in a half circle over and above the star representing Indiana and midway between it and the star in the center above it.
Mutations in either nuclear DNA (nDNA) or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can cause mitochondrial disease. Nuclear DNA is packaged into structures called chromosomesâ22 pairs of non-sex related chromosomes (called autosomes) and a single pair of sex chromosomes (XX in females and XY in males).
Overview of Mitochondrial Disease. Mitochondrial disease or dysfunction is an energy production problem. Almost all cells in the body have mitochondria, which are tiny âpower plantsâ that produce a bodyâs essential energy. Mitochondrial disease means the power plants in cells donât function properly.