The outer circle of stars shall be so arranged that one star shall appear directly in the middle at the top of the circle, and the word Indiana shall be placed in a half circle over and above the star representing Indiana and midway between it and the star in the center above it.
Mutations in either nuclear DNA (nDNA) or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can cause mitochondrial disease. Nuclear DNA is packaged into structures called chromosomesâ22 pairs of non-sex related chromosomes (called autosomes) and a single pair of sex chromosomes (XX in females and XY in males).
Mitochondrial disease is a chronic, genetic disorder that occurs when the mitochondria of the cell fail to produce enough energy for cell or organ function. The incidence is about 1:4000 individuals in the US. This is similar to the incidence of cystic fibrosis of caucasian births in the U.S.