Cyanocobalamin is the most common and widely produced form of the chemical compounds that have vitamin B12 activity.
For example, the hadron constituents of atomic nuclei, neutrons and protons, have charges of 0 e and +1 e respectively; the neutron is composed of two down quarks and one up quark, and the proton of two up quarks and one down quark.
Quarks are one type of matter particle. Most of the matter we see around us is made from protons and neutrons, which are composed of quarks. There are six quarks, but physicists usually talk about them in terms of three pairs: up/down, charm/strange, and top/bottom.(Also, for each of these quarks, there is a corresponding antiquark.) Be glad that quarks have such silly names -- it makes them easier to remember!Quarks have the unusual characteristic of having a fractional electric charge, unlike the proton and electron, which have integer charges of +1 and -1 respectively.here are six quarks, but physicists usually talk about them in terms of three pairs: up/down, charm/strange, and top/bottom. (Also, for each of these quarks, there is a corresponding antiquark.) Be glad that quarks have such silly names -- it makes them easier to remember!