County Formation. When Illinois became a state in 1818, the area that is now Marshall county was part of Bond and Clark counties. As more counties were formed, the area became part of Pike, Sangamon, Putnam, and LaSalle counties. Marshall county was established in 1839 from Putnam county.
Topeka is an incorporated town in Mason County, Illinois, United States. The population was 90 at the 2000 census. Topeka is located at 40Â°19â²48â³N 89Â°55â²52â³Wï»¿ / ï»¿40.33000Â°N 89.93111Â°Wï»¿ / 40.33000; -89.93111 (40.329960, -89.931034). According to the 2010 census, Topeka has a total area of 0.14 square miles (0.36 km 2), all land.
The Capitol of Kansas is Topeka and The Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway was founded by Cryus K. Holliday. The state of Kansas was named after the Kansa Indian tribe. The state's first railroad was a five-mile line built from Elwood to Wathena.