The processing requirements include successful completion of: 1  The application process, which includes a background and polygraph examination, a medical examination, a physical fitness evaluation, and a written examination; 2  24-26 weeks of intensive Academy training.
The cell membrane, being exposed to the outside environment, is an important site of cell-cell communication. As such, a large variety of protein receptors and identification proteins, such as antigens, are present on the surface of the membrane.
Pattern recognition receptors bind conserved molecular structures found in large groups of pathogens, termed pathogen-associated molecular patterns (49). There are various groups of pattern recognition receptors, which can be secreted, expressed om the cell surface, or resident in intracellular compartments (48).The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the most important pattern recognition receptor families and are the main topic of this review.rosophila TLRs Are Not True Pattern Recognition Receptors The insect immune defense involves the induction of different antimicrobial peptides in the fat body, the functional equivalent of the mammalian liver (for a review, see reference 26).