Let's break this command down into parts: 1  ls is a utility. Utilities are also sometimes known as commands all on their own, because they indicate the general idea of what you want. - 2 l is a flag that alters how the utility operates.
Publisher and copyright holder are both different persons, a copy right holder is the author of a piece of art, literary works, drama, novels, story etc etc and a publisher is a person who or a publishing house who takes the copyright from the author or rights of the work and publishes it as a book or film etc etc.
In print, the primary publisher is the newspaper and any libel action would normally be directed against the author or editor or both. It is rare, though not unheard of, for the shop which sold the publication, known as the secondary publisher, also to have to pay out.