A certified public accountant is one who has earned a license in his or her state that attests to a high degree of skill, training, and experience. In addition to passing an accounting examination, a candidate must have the proper business experience, education, and moral character in order to qualify for the license. The letters CPA are commonly used and generally recognized to be the abbreviation for the title Certified Public Accountant.
For manufactured goods, direct costs also include raw materials, labor, and production expenses. Other costs, such as transportation and advertising, are not included in COGS. To calculate COGS, beginning inventory is added to current period purchases, and ending inventory is then deducted.
The cost is called Cost of Merchandise Sold (also called Cost of Goods Sold by some companies), and represents the cost of the inventory that was sold during the period. If John purchases 100 units of product for $5 each and sells 20 of them for $10 each, John earns $200 of sales revenue.ost of Merchandise Sold is an expense with a DEBIT balance. There is no account for Gross Profit; we calculate it on the income statement. Finally, the expenses have DEBIT balances and are subtracted from Gross Profit to derive Net Income.