Crown gall causes stunting of growth. Both loss of yield and stunting of growth may occur when seedlings or young cuttings are infected in the early stages of plant growth. The lack of vigor, reduction in foliage, and water stress are associated with chronically diseased root systems.
1. In probability theory, a probability density function (pdf), or density of a continuous random variable, is a function that describes the relative likelihood for this random variable to take on a given value.
Photon Energy Density. The behavior of a collection of photons depends upon the distribution of energy among the photons: Since photons are bosons, the distribution function is the Bose-Einstein distribution. where the normalization constant A=1 for photons. This distribution determines the probability that a given energy state will be occupied, but must be multiplied by the density of states function to weight the probabability by the number of states available at a given energy.