Crown gall causes stunting of growth. Both loss of yield and stunting of growth may occur when seedlings or young cuttings are infected in the early stages of plant growth. The lack of vigor, reduction in foliage, and water stress are associated with chronically diseased root systems.
1. In probability theory, a probability density function (pdf), or density of a continuous random variable, is a function that describes the relative likelihood for this random variable to take on a given value.
The Canonical Partition Function is the ( Boltzmann ) weighted sum of the microstates of any system. The partition function is also a combinatorial generating function. See this great book on Generating Functionology. https://www.math.upenn.edu/~wilf... The partition function has lots of applications. In particular, we can use it to express the important global variables that describe a system, such as the Total Energy, the Free Energy, the Entropy, the Variance, etc.