Crown gall causes stunting of growth. Both loss of yield and stunting of growth may occur when seedlings or young cuttings are infected in the early stages of plant growth. The lack of vigor, reduction in foliage, and water stress are associated with chronically diseased root systems.
1. In probability theory, a probability density function (pdf), or density of a continuous random variable, is a function that describes the relative likelihood for this random variable to take on a given value.
A probability distribution is characterized by location and scale parameters. Location and scale parameters are typically used in modeling applications. For example, the following graph is the probability density function for the standard normal distribution, which has the location parameter equal to zero and scale parameter equal to one.