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The most common form of birth defects are congenital heart defects. This article describes the causes, symptoms, and treatments of congenital heart defects. Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate. The 4th most common birth defect is a cleft lip or palate.
Common Birth Defects. Cleft lip and/or palate happens when the tissues of the mouth or lip don't form properly during fetal development, leaving an opening, division, or split in that area. This is called clefting.. A cleft lip is a long opening between the upper lip and the nose. A cleft palate is an opening between the roof of the mouth and the nasal cavity. In the United States, oral clefting happens in 1 in 700 to 1,000 births, making it one of the most common major birth defects.