Carbonic anhydrase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA1 gene. Carbonic anhydrases are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
It is becoming more common that the latte macchiato will have a layer of milk foam on the top of the drink as well. A latte is steamed milk, espresso, and a 1/4 inch of foam ontop. It is prepared in this order: flavored syrup (if applicable), espresso, steamed milk, topped with 1/4 inch of foam.
The only difference is the location of the milk, foam, and the espresso. In a macchiato (from the bottom), it goes milk, foam, and espresso. If it's a caramel macchiato, vanilla syrup at the bottom before the milk and caramel on top. In a latte, it goes espresso, milk and then foam. Written Apr 2.