As outlined in Chapter 4, you begin the proposal development process. with an understanding of the need or problem as the basis for conceptual-. izing your proposed program or intervention. Likewise, when you begin. writing the proposal, the needs/problem statement is typically the first. section completed.
An example of this is Down syndrome. Down syndrome is a disease in which the chromosomes failed to separate properly during meiosis leading to three chromosomes of type 21 instead of two. A person with the condition therefore has a total of 47 chromosomes instead of 46. The non-disjunction can take place either in the formation of the egg or the sperm.
Down syndrome is a relatively common birth defect, affecting about 1 in 800 to 1,000 births. The chances of having a baby with Down syndrome increase dramatically with the age of the mother. Children with Down syndrome are born with an extra (third) copy of chromosome number 21 in their cells.