Gallery. 1  Hand-cranked planetary sharpener, with cover in place. 2  Hand-cranked planetary sharpener from 1950â60, with cover removed. 3  Hand-cranked planetary sharpener with spring-driven pencil holder. 4  AC-powered electric pencil sharpener. 5  Battery-operated sharpener.
Description. Tracking Error is a measure of how closely an ETF follows its benchmark index. This data point seeks to isolate the ability of the portfolio managers to track the index, ignoring the confounding effects of ETF liquidity on market prices.escription. Tracking Error is a measure of how closely an ETF follows its benchmark index. This data point seeks to isolate the ability of the portfolio managers to track the index, ignoring the confounding effects of ETF liquidity on market prices.
mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) often mix different. statistics that measure different effects. The primary indicator of a mutual. fundâs turnover is its portfolio turnover rate. ETF turnover is usually talked. about in the context of its trading volume. This is often much higher than. the associated portfolio turnover rate, leading to claims of substantial. speculative activity by ETF investors.1 However, these turnover measures. are not directly comparable.