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Diagram showing the basic physiologic mechanisms of the kidney. Renal function, in nephrology, is an indication of the state of the kidney and its role in renal physiology. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. Creatinine clearance rate (CCr or CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit time and is a useful measure for approximating the GFR.
Secretion of hormones. Through the secretion of hormones, the kidneys help regulate other important functions, such as the production of red blood cells and the growth and maintenance of bones. The kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin, which stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.