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pH. The pH of a solution is a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution and as such is a measure of the acidity or basicity of the solution. The letters pH stand for power of hydrogen and the numerical value is defined as the negative base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions.
Calculating pH. The pH definition we use today is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen (H+) ion activity in a given solution. Read What does pH stand for. Note I say hydrogen (H+) ion activity, not concentration.