In biology, a mutation is a permanent change of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.
Salinity is the saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of water (see also soil salinity).onceptually the salinity is the quantity of dissolved salt content of the water. Salts are compounds like sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, and sodium bicarbonate which dissolve into ions.
Turbidity is a measure of the relative clarity of water: the greater the turbidity, the murkier the water. Turbidity increases as a result of suspended solids in the water that reduce the transmission of light. Suspended solids are varied, ranging from clay, silt and plankton, to industrial wastes and sewage. With higher levels of turbidity, water loses its ability to support a diversity of aquatic organisms. Water becomes warmer as suspended particles absorb heat from the sunlight and cause oxygen levels to fall.