English modal verbs - Syntax. 1  A modal verb serves as an auxiliary to another verb, which appears in infinitive form (the bare infinitive, or the to-infinitive in the cases of ought and used as discussed above).
The Extended Phenotype The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by Richard Dawkins in which he introduced a biological concept of the same name. The main idea is that phenotype should not be limited to biological processes such as protein biosynthesis or tissue growth, but extended to include all effects that a gene has on its environment, inside or outside the body of the individual organism.
A phenotype (from Greek phainein, meaning to show, and typos, meaning type) is the composite of an organism 's observable characteristics or traits, such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, phenology, behavior, and products of behavior (such as a bird's nest).nother extension adds behavior to the phenotype, since behaviors are also observable characteristics. Indeed, there is research into the clinical relevance of behavioral phenotypes as they pertain to a range of syndromes.