An important concept in thermodynamics is the âthermodynamic systemâ, a precisely defined region of the universe under study. Everything in the universe except the system is known as the surroundings, and is separated from the system by a boundary which may be notional or real, but which by convention delimits a finite volume.
Government Program Analyst Salary. A Government Program Analyst earns an average salary of $61,634 per year. Experience strongly influences pay for this job. Most people move on to other jobs if they have more than 20 years' experience in this career. A skill in Data Analysis is associated with high pay for this job. $40,804 - $92,869.
According to Glassdoor.com, the annual salaries of astrophysicists working in governmental positions in 2013 ranged from $57,000 for those working with the Smithsonian Institution to $131,000 for those working with the U.S. Navy.