Nor do acts of Espionage committed on behalf of an ally constitute treason. For example, julius and ethel rosenberg were convicted of espionage, in 1951, for helping the Soviet Union steal atomic secrets from the United States during World War II.
SPII is an independent research think tank which focuses on generating new knowledge, information and analysis in the field of poverty and inequality studies.
SPH is one of the parameters to report your eye prescription. Your sph +4.00 means that the concave sphere with no astigmatism belongs to the hyperopia 400 prescription. However, there are other parameters, such as CYL which means the astigmatism part and AX which means the axis position in the astigmatism.