English modal verbs - Syntax. 1  A modal verb serves as an auxiliary to another verb, which appears in infinitive form (the bare infinitive, or the to-infinitive in the cases of ought and used as discussed above).
The Extended Phenotype The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by Richard Dawkins in which he introduced a biological concept of the same name. The main idea is that phenotype should not be limited to biological processes such as protein biosynthesis or tissue growth, but extended to include all effects that a gene has on its environment, inside or outside the body of the individual organism.
The phenotype of an organism is the class to which that organism belongs as determined by the description of the physical and behavioral characteristics of the organism, for example its size and shape, its metabolic activities and its pattern of movement.he concepts of phenotype and genotype also demand the distinction between types and tokens. As the words âgenotypeâ and âphenotypeâ suggest, these are types, sets of which any given organism and its genome are members, sets defined by their physical description.