Nor do acts of Espionage committed on behalf of an ally constitute treason. For example, julius and ethel rosenberg were convicted of espionage, in 1951, for helping the Soviet Union steal atomic secrets from the United States during World War II.
SPII is an independent research think tank which focuses on generating new knowledge, information and analysis in the field of poverty and inequality studies.
For the first time the emergence of a hypervirulent strain of C. difficile (BI/NAP1/027) has been reported in China. Type IV pili are non-covalently assembled appendages, characterized now in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Peipenbrink et al show that C. difficile produces Type IV pili containing PilJ, a pilin with a novel dual-pilin fold.