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Intercostal muscles are several groups of muscles that run between the ribs, and help form and move the chest wall. The intercostal muscles are mainly involved in the mechanical aspect of breathing.These muscles help expand and shrink the size of the chest cavity to facilitate breathing. The external intercostals are responsible for the elevation of the ribs and bending them more open, thus expanding the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. 2  Internal intercostal muscles aid in forced expiration (quiet expiration is a passive process).
the subcostals, made up of small slips of muscle near the angles of the lower ribs. The intercostal muscles in respiration: the primary role of the intercostal muscles is to stiffen the chest wall and to prevent the intercostal spaces from being sucked inwards when the diaphragm descends in inspiration.f the 12 pairs of ribs, pairs 1â7 are connected by their costal cartilages to the sternum (true ribs), the cartilages of ribs 8, 9 and 10 articulate with each other (false ribs), and pairs 11 and 12 are free anteriorly, capped by costal cartilage (floating ribs).