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The retina. Fromer explained that the retina is the innermost of three tissue layers that make up the eye. The outermost layer, called the sclera, is what gives most of the eyeball its white color. The cornea is also a part of the outer layer.The middle layer between the retina and sclera is called the choroid. The 7 Biggest Mysteries of the Human Body ]. Behind the cornea is a colored, ring-shaped membrane called the iris. The iris has an adjustable circular opening called the pupil, which can expand or contract to control the amount of light entering the eye, Fromer said. Ciliary muscles surround the lens.
Eye and Its Function. Eye Structure: Cornea-A clear, dome-shaped window in the very front of the eye. It acts as a window for light to pass in. Sclera The sclera is what is known as the white of the eye. It serves as the eye s protective coat.Lens The lens is a crystalline structure that focuses light into the retina.In a healthy eye, the lens changes shape to adjust for close or distance vision.ye Structure: Cornea-A clear, dome-shaped window in the very front of the eye. It acts as a window for light to pass in. Sclera The sclera is what is known as the white of the eye.