Definition of physiological. 1  1 : of or relating to physiology. 2  2 : characteristic of or appropriate to an organism's healthy or normal functioning the sodium level was physiological. 3  3 : differing in, involving, or affecting physiological factors a physiological strain of bacteria.
Motivated reasoning is confirmation bias taken to the next level. Motivated reasoning leads people to confirm what they already believe, while ignoring contrary data. But it also drives people to develop elaborate rationalizations to justify holding beliefs that logic and evidence have shown to be wrong.
Deductive reasoning. Given a set of facts that are known or assumed to be true, deductive reasoning is a powerful way of extending that set of facts. In deductive reasoning, we argue that if certain premises (P) are known or assumed, a conclusion (C) necessarily follows from these. For example, given the following (rather famous!) premises.