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Each axon terminal contains thousands of membrane-bound sacs called vesicles, which in turn contain thousands of neurotransmitter molecules each. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers which relay, amplify and modulate signals between neurons and other cells.
Neurotransmitters are molecules that nerve cells, or neurons, use to communicate. When electrically stimulated, the transmitting, or prensynatptic, neuron releases neurotransmitters into the gap, called a synapse, between itself and an adjacent neuron.hey are distinguished from inhibitory neurotransmitters, which make an action potential in the cell less likely. The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in all vertebrates, including human beings, is called glutamate.