Definition and Etiology. Ascites is defined as the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. It is a common clinical finding, with various extraperitoneal and peritoneal causes (Box 1), but it most often results from liver cirrhosis.
Tests for the detection of Bence-Jones Protein. Bradshaw Test. The urine specimen is treated with 1 or 2 drops of 33 per cent acetic acid to bring the pH down to 4.8 to 5.0, centrifuged clear, and diluted 1:1 with water. The diluted urine is layered carefully over concentrated HCl in a test tube.
The Bence-Jones protein urine test is used mainly to diagnose and monitor multiple myeloma, a blood cancer. An abnormal Bence-Jones test result is also linked with malignant lymphomas, which are cancers of the lymphatic system. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cells. These are immune system cells that produce specialized molecules called antibodies to help fight infectious germs. Because most plasma cells live in bone marrow, multiple myeloma tumors are usually, but not always, found in bone.