Flow Volume Loops. 1  Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) 2  Forced Expiratory Volume after 0.5 seconds (FEV0.5) 3  Forced Expiratory Volume after 1 second (FEV1) 4  Forced Expiratory Volume after 3 seconds (FEV3) 5  Forced Expiratory Volume after 6 seconds (FEV6) 6  Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) 7  Forced Expiratory Flow at 25% of FVC (FEF25)
Phantom limb pain (PLP) refers to ongoing painful sensations that seem to be coming from the part of the limb that is no longer there. The limb is gone, but the pain is real. The onset of this pain most often occurs soon after surgery. It can feel like a variety of things, such as burning, twisting, itching or pressure.
If the primary cause of pain is due to neurological disease or nerve root compression, surgery has the potential to bring relief for lower back pain. However, if the primary cause of pain is due to chronic musculoskeletal problems like myofascial trigger points, surgery does not have the power to cut out the problem.ut despite advanced technologies, surgery is not always successful. Therefore lower back surgery should only be considered when there is damage to peripheral nerves or there is the presence of progressive neurological disease.