Direct democracy. Direct democracy (also known as pure democracy) is a form of democracy in which people decide (e.g. vote on, form consensus on) policy initiatives directly. This differs from the majority of most currently established democracies, which are representative democracies.
Sugars that can be oxidised by mild oxidising agents are called reducing sugars because the oxidising agent is reduced in the reaction. A non-reducing sugar is not oxidised by mild oxidising agents. All common monosaccharides are reducing sugars. The disaccharides maltose and lactose are reducing sugars. The disaccharide sucrose is a non-reducing sugar. Common oxidising agents used to test for the presence of a reducing sugar are: Benedict's Solution.
In contrast, acetal forms (glycosides) are not reducing sugars, since with base present, the acetal linkage is stable and is not converted to the aldehyde or hemiacetal. The outcome is that in a reducing sugar the anomeric carbon is in an aldehyde or hemiacetal.n a non-reducing sugar, the anomeric carbon is in an acetal. The characterization of sugars as reducing or non-reducing is gives useful clues as to their structures. Consider the disaccharides maltose and fructose. Maltose contains a hemiacetal functional group and is a reducing sugar.