In less developed countries, humans are particularly sensitive to flood casualties because of high population density, absence of zoning regulations, lack of flood control, and lack of emergency response infrastructure and early warning systems. Bangladesh is one of the most susceptible countries to flood disasters. About one half of the land area in Bangladesh is at an elevation of less than 8 meters above sea level. Up to 30% of the country has been covered with flood waters. In 1991 more 200,000 deaths resulted from flooding and associated tropical cyclones.
Vasopressin, also known as arginine vasopressin (AVP), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), or argipressin, is a neurohypophysial hormone found in most mammals.Its two primary functions are to retain water in the body and to constrict blood vessels.asopressin regulates the body's retention of water by acting to increase water reabsorption in the kidney's collecting ducts, the tubules which receive the very dilute urine produced by the functional unit of the kidney, the nephrons.
Aquaporin-2 is the protein which is the vasopressin responsive water channel in the collecting duct. It is inserted into the apical membrane in reponse to cyclic AMP. The protein forms a tetrameric complex that spans the membrane and forms a channel which allows rapid water movement in response to an osmolar gradient.DH is a nonapeptide produced in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and other areas of the hypothalamus. Its major role is in the regulation of water balance by its effect on the kidneys. ADH is also known as vasopressin because of the vasopressor response to pharmacological doses.