Muscle Insertion. The insertion of the muscle is the end of the muscle attaching to the freely moving bone of its joint. To understand muscles and joint movements, there are four things to keep in mind: Movement happens at joints, with one bone of the joint moving freely while the other remains relatively stationary.
Aldehyde vs Ketone. Aldehydes and ketones are known as organic molecules with a carbonyl group. In a carbonyl group, carbon atom has a double bond to oxygen. The carbonyl carbon atom is sp2 hybridized. So, aldehydes and ketones have a trigonal planar arrangement around the carbonyl carbon atom. The carbonyl group is a polar group, thus, aldehydes and ketones have higher boiling points compared to the hydrocarbons having the same weight.
Sugars is a general term for a class of chemical structures. In their basic form they consist of just C H and oxygen and sugars are very important in the biological world. I added the structure for glucose. As you can see glucose in its open form has an aldehyde function (i.e. aldose). but you also have open structures with a ketone function (i.e. ketose). There is in fact an equilibrium between the open and closed form. Every sugar that has such aldehyde function is his open form is called a aldehyde sugar. (If you want to refer to both aldehyde and ketone you would call them a reducing sugar: all monosaccharides are in fact reducing sugars) But these simple monosacharides can be linked together to form a disacharide the most common is plain table sugar or sucrose: this consists of one glucose + one fructose: they are linked in such a way that the open form is not possible anymore: