Cotangent Function. The cosecant function given by. and its period, phase shift, asymptotes domain and range are explored interactively. An applet is used, where parameters a, b, c and d are changed to investigate their effects on the graph of f.
Muscles can also become weak and joint stiffness can occur. Because of the generalized, systemic nature of CREST syndrome, it can also affect almost any organ in the body, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys. Symptoms can include chest pain and hematuria.
Quick Answer. Spine fractures or arthritis, gastrointestinal disease, shingles, muscle spasms or infection of the spine can cause left flank pain near the kidneys, notes MedlinePlus. Problems that cause pain in a single kidney include cancer, tumors, polycystic kidney disease and hydronephrosis, says Mayo Clinic.