1 Freezing weather and ice are examples of the rigors of winter. 2  Difficult and challenging academic courses are an example of academic rigor. 3  harshness or severity; specif., 4  strictness or inflexibility: the rigor of martial law.  extreme hardship or difficulty: the rigors of life.
-logy, -logia, a suffix meaning a science or study of: mammalogy, metabology, neonatology. Suffix meaning 1. The study of the subject noted in the body of the word, or a treatise on the same; the English equivalent is-logy, or, with a connecting vowel, -ology [G. logos, discourse, treatise].2.logia. Suffix meaning 1. The study of the subject noted in the body of the word, or a treatise on the same; the English equivalent is-logy, or, with a connecting vowel, -ology [G. logos, discourse, treatise]. 2. Collecting or picking.
Google is your friend. :) Bally is an extremely common prefix to town names in Ireland, and is derived from the Gaelic phrase 'Baile na', meaning 'place of'. It is not quite right to translate it 'town of', as there were few, if any, towns in Ireland at the time these names were formed.