Cotangent Function. The cosecant function given by. and its period, phase shift, asymptotes domain and range are explored interactively. An applet is used, where parameters a, b, c and d are changed to investigate their effects on the graph of f.
Muscles can also become weak and joint stiffness can occur. Because of the generalized, systemic nature of CREST syndrome, it can also affect almost any organ in the body, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys. Symptoms can include chest pain and hematuria.
Page Content. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD), the most common form of familial kidney disease, causes the kidneys to grow many cysts (sacks of fluid), which over time get bigger and bigger. PKD often leads to kidney failure. On average, PKD affects approximately 1 in 500 people.