In young birds the gape is very soft and noticeable but in a fledgling it begins to harden somewhat, become less prominent, and--like the bill itself--darken with age. (In some bird species--Purple Finches, for example--the adult retains a yellow gape, albeit smaller and less obvious.)
Psoriatic Arthritis. Psoriasis is a skin disease in which patients have dry, red and scaly skin rashes that can occur on any part of the body. Between 5-20% of patients with psoriasis may develop an associated arthritis. Arthritis means inflamed joint.
Figure 1: Scaly, red, dry skin patches from psoriasis on wrist. Figure 2: Sausage finger with swelling of middle joint (PIP) Figure 3: Pencil-in-cup deformity of end joint of finger. Note loss of bone, narrowing/tapering of the middle bone like a pencil, and cup shaped distortion of the end bone at the joint.