An element is a pure substance that is made from a single type of atom. Elements are the building blocks for all the rest of the matter in the world.
The pneumotaxic center, also known as the pontine respiratory group (PRG), is a network of neurons in the rostral dorsal lateral pons.It consists of the Koelliker-KÃ¶lliker fuse nucleus and the medial parabrachial. Nucleus it is considered an antagonist to the apneustic, center which produces abnormal breathing during. inhalationespiratory effects [edit]. The PRG antagonizes the apneustic center, cyclically inhibiting inhalation. The PRG limits the burst of action potentials in the phrenic nerve, effectively decreasing the tidal volume and regulating the respiratory rate.
This system contains the thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus. Brain Stem: Underneath the limbic system is the brain stem. This structure is responsible for basic vital life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure. Scientists say that this is the simplest part of human brains because animals' entire brains, such as reptiles (who appear early on the evolutionary scale) resemble our brain stem.