Bated is one of the many words Shakespeare invented (or at least he was the first person to put the word on a piece of paper that survived to this day). Bated is a form of abate, which means âto diminish, beat down, or reduce.â So when youâre waiting with bated (read: abated) breath, youâre so eager, anxious, excited, or frightened that youâre almost holding your breath. Shakespeare used the phrase with bated breath in The Merchant of Venice. It's a scene where Shylock, the moneylender, points out the irony of Antonio, the merchant, coming to him for a loan after treating him so poorly in the past:
Call by Reference. If data is passed by reference, a pointer to the data is copied instead of the actual variable as is done in a call by value. Because a pointer is copied, if the value at that pointers address is changed in the function, the value is also changed in main(). Letâs take a look at a code example:
/ËrÉfrÉns/. noun. plural references. Learner's definition of REFERENCE. 1. : the act of mentioning something in speech or in writing : the act of referring to something or someone. [count] references to an earlier event.