Lack of control of the environment is often pinpointed as a cause of frustration and stress in confined animals. When the animal cannot control things, such as the feeding time or the lighting program, and when it cannot escape from things it finds unpleasant, it often behaves in a manner that indicates frustration.
Cavitation can also cause excessive pump vibration, which could damage pump bearings, wearing rings, and seals. A small number of centrifugal pumps are designed to operate under conditions where cavitation is unavoidable.
The effects of certain types of cavitation on the performance of reciprocating pumps were discussed and measures were taken to avoid the significant effects of cavitation. Defining cavitation criteria and establishing which type of cavitation is harmful was the aim of this observation.o observe the generation and the backformation of cavitation in the working chamber and at the suction side valve the pump was equipped with several pressure resistant inspection windows. The test loop consists of a 10 kW plunger pump operating with variable speed control up to 400 rpm.