Painted ladies (Vanessa cardui) are one of the most widely distributed species of butterfly. They can be found on every continent in the world except Antarctica and Australia. The territory size of the Painted Lady is large enough to cover all of North America, south to Panama. They are also in Asia, Africa, and Europe.
Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been modified in a way that does not occur naturally, e.g. through the introduction of a gene from a different organism.
When food-crops are genetically modified, (genetically modified food is a misnomer!) one or more genes are incorporated into the crop's genome using a vector containing several other genes, including as a minimum, viral promoters, transcription terminators, antibiotic resistance marker genes and reporter genes. Publications on GM food toxicity are scarce. 2  An article in Science magazine said it all: Health Risks of Genetically Modified Foods: Many Opinions but Few Data.1 In fact, no peer-reviewed publications of clinical studies on the human health effects of GM food exist. 3  Even animal studies are few and far between.