Earning Points. Starwood's Preferred Guest program is fairly straightforward: the more nights you spend at participating hotels, the faster you'll earn a free night.
The mapper output (intermediate data) is stored on the Local file system (NOT HDFS) of each individual mapper nodes. This is typically a temporary directory location which can be setup in config by the hadoop administrator. The intermediate data is cleaned up after the Hadoop Job completes.
Output streams (class ostream and related classes) have some useful member functions for controlling output formatting. Note that these can be used not only with cout, but with other types of output streams. (We'll learn about file output streams soon). setf() -- the set flags function.