Close reading expects readers to focus on the information that a text provides, without relying on a lot of information or support. This is different from other kinds of reading lessons you teach, in which you may start out by introducing teacher-set purposes, discussions of studentsâ life experiences, picture walks, and so on.
Presidents and the Antiquities Act. Established in 1906, the Antiquities Act has been used by 16 presidents -- from Theodore Roosevelt to Barack Obama â to designate national monuments.Only three presidents did not use the Act: Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush.n important conservation tool. The Antiquities Act is special because it allows the president to protect Americaâs wildlands and historical sites as national monuments. The president can use the Antiquities Act to: 1  Protect special natural, historical and cultural areas as national monuments. 2  Change monument boundaries.
In 1880, Arthur had been elected vice president on a ticket headed by James A. Garfield. Garfield's assassination in 1881 by a mentally disturbed man, Charles J. Guiteau, who thought he deserved appointment to a government job, led to a public outcry for reform. In 1883, Arthur helped push through the Pendleton Act. Failing to please either machine politicians or reformers, Arthur was the last incumbent president to be denied renomination for a second term by his own party. The Pendleton Act stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit.