References. 1  Shmerling RH. Approach to the patient with myalgia. http://www.uptodate.com/home. 2  LeBlond RF, et al., eds. The spine, pelvis and extremities. 3  Muscle cramps. Merck Manual Professional Version. 4  Sprains, strains and other soft tissue injuries. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Hydronephrosis â literally water inside the kidney â refers to distension and dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney. Untreated, it leads to progressive atrophy of the kidney.
The prognosis of hydronephrosis is extremely variable, and depends on the condition leading to hydronephrosis, whether one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) kidneys are affected, the pre-existing kidney function, the duration of hydronephrosis (acute or chronic), and whether hydronephrosis occurred in developing or mature kidneys.