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Sources of Deep Ocean-Basin Sediments, continued Chemical Deposits When substances that are dissolved in ocean water crystallize, these materials settle to the ocean floor as potato-shaped lumps of minerals called nodules. nodule a lump of minerals that is made of oxides of manganese, iron, copper, or nickel and that is found in scattered groups on the ocean floor Other minerals, such as phosphates, are also carried in the ocean floor before they crystallize and form mineral deposits on the ...
The deposits form in deep ocean water by the precipitation of sulfide minerals released by submarine volcanoes. Volcanic fluids and hot seawater move through the volcanic rocks and leach metals. The deposits are associated with lava flows, breccia, water-deposited tuffs, cherts, sulfates, and limestones.eposits of nickel sulfides are mined from greenstone belts in many ancient volcanic terranes. The ore is associated with ultramafic lava flows called komatiites. Komatiites have more than 18 weight % magnesium oxide (MgO) and large amounts of the mineral olivine.