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The decay of radioactive elements occurs at a fixed rate. The half-life of a radioisotope is the time required for one half of the amount of unstable material to degrade into a more stable material. For example, a source will have an intensity of 100% when new. At one half-life, its intensity will be cut to 50% of the original intensity.
Jupiterimages/Creatas/Getty Images. Radioactive isotopes, also called radioisotopes, are atoms with a different number of neutrons than is usual, making them unstable. A radioisotope's nucleus decays, emitting alpha, beta and gamma rays until the isotope reaches stability.Once itâs stable, the isotope may become another element entirely, such as when uranium decays into lead.ignificance. Radioactive isotopes are useful because they produce alpha, beta and gamma rays. The radiationâs penetrating power depends on its energy, particle mass, and the objectâs density. These properties lead to many practical applications in science, medicine and industry.