Well to find the z-score we need the standard deviation. #s.d. = sqrt(((.25)(.75))/100) = .043#. then the z-score is: #z = (.20 - .25)/.043 = -1.16#. so the sample is 1.16 standard deviations below the normal rate of Cesareans by 1.16 deviations.
The English word ulcer means an area of tissue erosion. The term peptic ulcer literally means tissue erosion in the digestive system. A symptom is something the patient feels and reports, such as a stomachache, while a sign is something other people, including the doctor detect, such as a rash.hen a peptic ulcer affects the stomach it is called a gastric ulcer, one in the duodenum is called a duodenal ulcer, while an esophageal ulcer is an ulcer in the esophagus. When the lining of these organs is corroded by acidic digestive juices secreted by stomach cells peptic ulcers can form.
An âulcerâ is an open sore. The word âpepticâ means that the cause of the problem is due to acid. Most of the time when a gastroenterologist is referring to an âulcerâ the doctor means a peptic ulcer. The two most common types of peptic ulcer are called âgastric ulcersâ and âduodenal ulcersâ. These names refer to the location where the ulcer is found. Gastric ulcers are located in the stomach (see Figure 1). Duodenal ulcers are found at the beginning of the small intestine (also called the small bowel) known as the duodenum. A person may have both gastric and duodenal ulcers at the same time. Figure 1. Photograph of a peptic ulcer taken during an upper endoscopy.