Thus, the AS procedures were still compatible in factor of safety for concrete members. LF rating procedures usually assign a dead load factor of 1.3 and live load factors of 2.17 (when computing Inventory Ratings) and 1.3 (when computing Operating Ratings).
Of the three rat species found in Hawaii, the black . rat, because of its size and arboreal behavior is considered the greatest threat to native Hawaiian forest birds. Rats also compete with forest birds for food items . such as native snails, insects, fruits, and seeds. Polynesian rats first arrived in Hawai`i with the . Polynesians (approx. 400A.D.) and black and Norway rats arrived with Westerners in the 1780s. Some species of rats can swim over a mile in open water, and can tread water for up to three days. Some species of rats can travel through sewer pipes and dive through water plumbing traps.
Hample and Maisy are Sprague Dawley female rats, an albino breed of rats that are commonly used in research laboratories. Sprague Dawley rats were first bred by the Sprague Dawley farm in Madison, Wisconsin in 1925 through multiple crosses with a single-hooded male and six albino female rats. The rats average about 5 grams of food per day per 100 grams of body weight and about 10-12 milliliters of water per 100 grams of body weight. The typical litter size of this rat is 10.5 and their average weight is 250-300 grams for females. The average life expectancy is between 2.5 and 3.5 years. Their respiratory rate is between 75 and 115 breaths per minute. Rats can breed between the ages of 65 and 100 days in both sexes. The rats are known for their tame disposition ...