To surrender or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; as, to abdicate the throne, the crown, the papacy. [imp. & p. p. Abdicated ( ); p. pr.
History of IR and FTIR spectroscopy. Chemical IR spectroscopy was emerged as a science in 1800 by Sir William Herschel. Firstly most IR instrumentation was based on prism or grating monochromators. Michelson invented interferometer in 1881.
Ali Javan makes first helium-neon laser at Bell Labs, the first laser to emit a steady beam. 1962-63. Alec Reeves at Standard Telecommunications Laboratories in Harlow, United Kingdom, commissions a group to study optical waveguide communications under Antoni E. Karbowiak. One system they study is optical fiber.