To surrender or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; as, to abdicate the throne, the crown, the papacy. [imp. & p. p. Abdicated ( ); p. pr.
History of IR and FTIR spectroscopy. Chemical IR spectroscopy was emerged as a science in 1800 by Sir William Herschel. Firstly most IR instrumentation was based on prism or grating monochromators. Michelson invented interferometer in 1881.
First, in 1958 The United States government creates the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in response to USSRâs launch of Sputnik launch. In 1962 J.C.R. Licklider writes memos about his Intergalactic Network concept of networked computers and becomes the first head of the computer research program at ARPA.