References. 1  Shmerling RH. Approach to the patient with myalgia. http://www.uptodate.com/home. 2  LeBlond RF, et al., eds. The spine, pelvis and extremities. 3  Muscle cramps. Merck Manual Professional Version. 4  Sprains, strains and other soft tissue injuries. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Hydronephrosis â literally water inside the kidney â refers to distension and dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney. Untreated, it leads to progressive atrophy of the kidney.
In adults, hydronephrosis is commonly caused by: 1  kidney stones. 2  pregnancy. 3  an enlarged prostate gland in men.  narrowing of the ureters (the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder) because of injury, infection or 1  surgery. some types of cancer, including kidney cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer or ovarian cancer.