Doped fiber amplifiers (DFA): Use a doped optical fiber medium for boosting signals in a similar manner to fiber lasers. The signal requiring amplification, along with a pump laser, is multiplexed in a doped fiber medium and intersects with doping ions.
Nationalisation (an alternative spelling is nationalization) is the process of taking a private industry or private assets into public ownership by a national government or state.n this context, the goals of nationalization were to dispossess large capitalists and redirect the profits of industry to the public purse, as a precursor to the long-term goals of establishing worker-management and reorganizing production toward use.
The fear of what nationalization is comes in when a government takes over an industry without permission or leave from its private owners, or by coercing private owners through various means to give up their ownership.hen a private industry or a business held at a city or state level is taken over by the national government, this is called nationalization. There are numerous examples of nationalization in the history of most countries, and some industries that people would immediately recognize as nationalized.