Symptoms[edit] The most common symptom associated with bloating is a sensation that the abdomen is full or distended. Rarely, bloating may be painful or cause shortness of breath. Pains that are due to bloating will feel sharp and cause the stomach to cramp. These pains may occur anywhere in the body and can change locations quickly.
The Meninges. The meninges are three layers of protective tissue called the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater that surround the neuraxis. The meninges of the brain and spinal cord are continuous, being linked through the magnum foramen.Dura Mater The dura mater is the most superior of the meningeal layers.he meninges are three layers of protective tissue called the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater that surround the neuraxis. The meninges of the brain and spinal cord are continuous, being linked through the magnum foramen. Dura Mater.
The brain and spinal cord are enveloped by three membranes called the meninges which serve to protect the brain and spinal cord, help to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid, and also support the flow of blood to the brain. The three meninges are the pia mater, the arachnoid mater, and the dura mater. Not only does the spinal cord pass through the vertebral canal, it attaches to it as well. The meninges attach firmly to the skull and at the base of the spine on the tailbone. They attach loosely at four different places along the spine through fairly lax ligaments.