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Barium is part of a group of elements known as the alkaline earth metals. It is a silvery metal that easily turns black. It is soft and ductile. It can form alloys with some metals that are partially alloys and partially chemical compounds.
Barium was first isolated in 1808 by English chemist Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829). In 1807 and 1808, Davy also discovered five other new elements: sodium, potassium, strontium, calcium, and magnesium.arium had first been identified as a new material in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-86). The form with which Scheele worked, however, was a compound of barium, barium sulfate (BaSO 4). Barium sulfate is, in fact, the most common naturally occurring ore of barium.