At the basal surface of epithelial cells are located: 1  The basement membrane, a thin non-cellular layer, intervenes between the epithelium and the connective tissue. 2  Hemidesmosomes are a variant of the intercellular desmosomes and anchor the cell to the basement membrane.t the basal surface of epithelial cells are located: 1  The basement membrane, a thin non-cellular layer, intervenes between the epithelium and the connective tissue. 2  Hemidesmosomes are a variant of the intercellular desmosomes and anchor the cell to the basement membrane.
The digestion of the disaccharide lactose to the monosaccharides glucose and galactose occurs very very slowly unless there is an enzyme to speed up the process. The enzyme that speeds up the digestion of lactose is called lactase. Lactase and most other enzymes are proteins.Each enzyme has an active site where a substrate molecule binds. For example, the substrate lactose binds to the active site of the enzyme lactase. Notice that the name of the enzyme lactase was created by adding the suffix â ase to part of the name of the substrate lactose.n enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction which converts a substrate molecule or molecules to a. product molecule or molecules. The products are released from the enzyme and the enzyme returns to its original state, so the enzyme is ready to act on another substrate molecule.
But sucrose is not the only sugar that our bodies break down into different, more simple sugars. The sugar lactose can be broken down to create glucose and galactose (another sugar that is easily absorbed directly in the intestines because it is a monosaccharide). This reaction is shown in Equation 2, below.