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Diagram showing field lines and equipotentials around an electron, a negatively charged particle. In an electrically neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons (which are positively charged), resulting in a net zero overall charge. Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter.
An atom is always charge less i.e it is neutral. An atom always refers to a single element. The atomic number of an element refers to the number of protons or electrons in it. This is because an atom always has equal number of electrons and protons. Protons are positively charged while electrons are negatively charged. Atoms also contain neutrons which are neutral. Proton, neutron and electron are called sub atomic particles. Neutrons and protons are called nucleons since they are in the nucleus of the atom. Charged species are called ions.