a segment of DNA that can move from one place to another in a cell's genome or between a bacterial cell and a plasmid or virus. Viruses may even carry a transposon from one bacterium to another. Also called jumping gene, transposable element. segment of DNA that can move from one place to another in a cell's genome or between a bacterial cell and a plasmid or virus. Viruses may even carry a transposon from one bacterium to another. Also called jumping gene, transposable element.
Women with a low body weight, are frequently under high stress, or in perimenopause tend to have irregular periods. These women have very low estrogen production, so the body has trouble communicating to the ovaries that eggs need to be released, and ovulation does not take place.
Starting in the teenage years, half of all women suffer from menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea). During perimenopause, the tendency toward cramping may worsen because of hormonal imbalance and the conditions associated with it, such as fibroids and adenomyosis.