The DNA repair ability of a cell is vital to the integrity of its genome and thus to the normal functionality of that organism. Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection.
Examples for negative production externalities include: 1  Air pollution from burning fossil fuels. 2  This activity causes damages to crops, (historic) buildings and public health. 3  Anthropogenic climate change as a consequence of greenhouse gas emissions from burning oil, gas, and coal.
The most obvious example of a negative externality in production is the pollution caused by many industries. Positive externalities occur when a benefit accrues to someone outside of the production or consumption of a good.. Externalities may take two forms. Firstly there are negative externalities. A negative externality occurs where consumption or production of a good generates a cost borne by someone outside of the production or consumption of that good.