D/E = dividends Ã· earnings, the expected long-term payout ratio. This formula requires an estimate for the long-term payout ratio (which is difficult to predict), meaning that there is a reasonable expectation that the company will start paying a dividend in the future.
Acetate fabrics are made with spun filaments of cellulose taken from wood pulp. Classified as a chemical fiber textile or semi-synthetic, acetate is sometimes mixed with silk, wool or cotton to make it stronger.
If it's lactate or lactic acid, it's not from dairy (exception-sterol lactate due to the stearic acid). Lac ingredients are usually produced by a fermentation process using cornstarch or beet sugar. Lactose is always from dairy.Most ingredients made with with calcium are vegan (i.e. calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate). The exceptions are calcium caseinate and calcium stearate.actose is always from dairy. Most ingredients made with with calcium are vegan (i.e. calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate). The exceptions are calcium caseinate and calcium stearate.