Cardiac output (known as âQâ) is a measure of the amount of blood that is pumped out of the heart in one minute. âQâ specifically refers to the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle as this is the ventricle that supplies blood to the muscles and organs of the body.
Preload is defined as the actual stretch or tension on the ventricular myocardium prior to contraction (Totora & Gabowski 2002). The greater the preload on the myocardium (the larger the amount of blood that has filled the heart during diastole), the greater the contraction will be.
The Unix shell may be said to consist almost entirely of an autoloader (program), as its main job is to search a path of directories to load and execute command files. In PHP 5, autoload functionality is triggered when referencing an undefined class. One or more autoload functionsâimplemented as the __autoload magic function or any function registered to the SPL autoload stackâis called and given the opportunity to define the class, usually by loading the file it is defined in.