PARTICIPIAL PHRASE. Present participles, verbals ending in-ing, and past participles, verbals that end in-ed (for regular verbs) or other forms (for irregular verbs), are combined with complements and modifiers and become part of important phrasal structures.Participial phrases always act as adjectives.ometimes part of the noun phrase is delayed until the end of the sentence so that that portion of the phrase (usually modifying phrases  participial or prepositional) can receive end weight or focus.
Insect borers often attack trees that are weakened or damaged by other causes. In some cases, borers and plant pathogens are associated with the same canker. Leaf drop Leaf drop is generally caused by plant pathogens or environmental problems.
As major insect pests of many crop and ornamental plants, leaf miners tunnel their way through a wide range of plant species. With over 300 species of leaf miners worldwide, there are five considered to be serious horticultural pests: Vegetable leaf miner (Liriomyza sativae) Tomato leaf miner (Liriomyza bryoniae) Chickpea leaf miner (Liriomyza cicerina) Serpentine leaf miner (Liriomyza huidobrensis) American serpentine leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii)