PARTICIPIAL PHRASE. Present participles, verbals ending in-ing, and past participles, verbals that end in-ed (for regular verbs) or other forms (for irregular verbs), are combined with complements and modifiers and become part of important phrasal structures.Participial phrases always act as adjectives.ometimes part of the noun phrase is delayed until the end of the sentence so that that portion of the phrase (usually modifying phrases  participial or prepositional) can receive end weight or focus.
Insect borers often attack trees that are weakened or damaged by other causes. In some cases, borers and plant pathogens are associated with the same canker. Leaf drop Leaf drop is generally caused by plant pathogens or environmental problems.
Leaf drop decreases fruit set and increases the chance of damage to the tree from cold or pests. Again, spraying with a copper fungicide, being sure to cover the underside of the leaves, will aid in eradicating the disease. Spray for the first time in May to June and then spray again in July to August.