Total Surface Area: about 509 600 000 square km (197 000 000 square miles). Area of land: 148 326 000 km2 (57 268 900 square miles), this are 29% of the total surface of Planet Earth. Area of water: 361 740 000 km2 (139 668 500 square miles), this are 71% of the total surface of the Earth. 97 percent is salt water and only 3 percent is fresh water. Estimated Mass: 5.976 x1024 kg or roughly 6x1021 metric tons.
Aurora borealis occurs in the layer of the atmosphere called the  Thermosphere. Ionized particles from the sun are drawn to the  magnetic poles of Earth, which gives us the â¦ spectacular Northern  Lights.
The auroras, both surrounding the north magnetic pole (aurora borealis) and south magnetic pole (aurora australis) occur when highly charged electrons from the solar wind interact with elements in the earth's atmosphere. Solar winds stream away from the sun at speeds of about 1 million miles per hour.As the electrons enter the earth's upper atmosphere, they will encounter atoms of oxygen and nitrogen at altitudes from 20 to 200 miles above the earth's surface. The color of the aurora depends on which atom is struck, and the altitude of the meeting. 1  Green-oxygen, up to 150 miles in altitude.