Bolognese sauce /bÉlÉËnjeÉªz/ , known in Italian as ragu (ragÃ¹) alla [bolognese raËÉ¡u; -bboloÉ²ËÉ²eËse É¡u alla-] , bo or simply [ragu*] , ragÃ¹ raËÉ¡u is-a meat based sauce Originating, From. bologna italyngredients include a characteristic soffritto of onion, celery and carrot, different types of minced or finely chopped beef, often alongside small amounts of fatty pork. Red wine and a small amount of tomato concentrate or tomatoes are added, and the dish is then gently simmered at length to produce a thick sauce.
In jurisprudence, an excuse or justification is a defense to criminal charges that is distinct from an exculpation.
Collective defence means that an attack against one Ally is considered as an attack against all Allies. The principle of collective defence is enshrined in Article 5 of the Washington Treaty. NATO invoked Article 5 for the first time in its history after the 9/11 terrorist attacks against the United States.