However, when spirometry is done for persons at risk for lung disease, or with suggestive symptoms, the probability that a borderline result reflects a true abnormality is much higher. For the spirometry measurements, only low values are considered of concern, so the LLN is set at the 5th percentile of the reference sample.
Incomplete combustion will occur when there is not enough oxygen to allow the fuel to react completely to produce carbon dioxide and water. It also happens when the combustion is quenched by a heat sink, such as a solid surface or flame trap.he thermal energy produced from combustion of either fossil fuels such as coal or oil, or from renewable fuels such as firewood, is harvested for diverse uses such as cooking, production of electricity or industrial or domestic heating. Combustion is also currently the only reaction used to power rockets.
Incomplete Combustion of hydrocarbons: 1  Insufficient O2(g) is present, that is, there is excess hydrocarbon present. 2  Reaction products are either CO(g) and/or C(s) and H2O(g). 3  Hydrocarbon combusts (burns) with a smokey or sooty flame.