This is why cord blood can be used for transplantation as an alternative to bone marrow. Cord blood is being used increasingly on an experimental basis as a source of stem cells, as an alternative to bone marrow. Most cord blood transplants have been performed in patients with blood and immune system diseases.
(= (S + (p. . Solute potential is at a maximum at zero (distilled water), whereas pressure potential can be negative (vacuum), zero (one atmosphere), or positive (greater than zero). So distilled water at normal atmospheric pressure has a water potential of zero ((= 0).
Osmosis will occur from the side of low solute concentration (lower osmolarity) to the side of higher solute concentration (higher osmolarity). Osmotic pressure is the pressure needed to prevent the water movement (or can be considered as the force pulling the water into the more concentrated side). The concept of total osmotic pressure vs. effective osmotic pressure is important in understanding osmotic movement of water between body fluid compartments. Total osmotic pressure is the osmotic pressure of a solution if it were separated from pure water by a solute impermeable membrane. There are no pure water compartments in the body because there are no membranes that are completely impermeable to all solutes.