1 Face value is the money amount the bond will be worth at its maturity, and is also the reference amount the bond issuer uses when calculating interest payments.  Coupon rate is the rate of interest the bond issuer will pay on the face value of the bond, expressed as a percentage.
The modern atomic theory traces back to ancient Greece where philosophers theorized that matter could be divided down until it reached a single, indivisible part. In the 19th century, this concept was brought into mainstream thought as physicists and chemists began to find more evidence for the existence of the atom.
The Big Bang theory explains where all the hydrogen and helium in the universe came from. In the 1940s, Ralph Alpher and George Gamow calculated that the early universe was hot and dense enough to make virtually all the helium, lithium and deuterium (hydrogen with a neutron attached) present in the cosmos today; later research showed where the primordial hydrogen came from.