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One such cause of GERD is a hiatal (or hiatus) hernia. This is an anatomical abnormality where a hole in the diaphragm allows the upper part of the stomach to enter the chest cavity, sometimes leading to GERD. Pregnancy is also sometimes a cause of acid reflux due to extra pressure being placed on the internal organs.
Over time, acid reflux may cause swelling or scarring of the esophagus that interferes with swallowing, says Dr. Chow. GERD is the most common cause of esophagitis, but other conditions can also cause esophagitis, Chow explains. Pill esophagitis. This condition may occur from swallowing pills that irritate your esophagus. Common examples include antibiotic and potassium pills, says Chow.