8 Alternative Android App Stores From China. Just as the entire Android system is largely open, so the method of getting apps onto Googleâs mobile OS is also unfettered. In most of the rest of the world, the official Android Market suffices as the primary app source â but in China, the situation has evolved quite differently.
Biodiversity can be measured and monitored at several spatial scales. Alpha Diversity = richness and evenness of individuals within a habitat unit. For example in the figure below, Alpha Diversity of Site A = 7 species, Site B = 5 species, Site C = 7 species. Beta Diversity = expression of diversity between habitats.
Alpha is a measure of the active return on an investment, the performance of that investment compared to a suitable market index. An alpha of 1% means the investment's return on investment over a selected period of time was 1% better than the market during that same period, an alpha of -1 means the investment underperformed the market. Alpha is one of the five key measures in modern portfolio theory: alpha, beta, standard deviation, R-squared and the Sharpe ratio.