Plant diseases can be infectious (transmitted from plant to plant) or noninfectious. Noninfectious diseases are usually referred to as disorders. Common plant disorders are caused by deficiencies in plant nutrients, by waterlogged or polluted soil, and by polluted air.
Such refinements in the images of Betelgeuse's atmosphere has been helping to resolve the mystery of how massive amounts of dust and gas are expelled from red supergiant stars, an important source of enrichment for the interstellar medium.
Betelgeuse, may be the brightest spectral type M (red) star in Earth's night sky. Although the star is the closest so-called red supergiant to Sol, its color appears more orange than red to Human eyes. STScI, NASA Larger image.