Lateral pathways control both proximal and distal muscles and are responsible for most voluntary movements of arms and legs. They include the lateral corticospinal tract. rubrospinal tract. Medial pathways control axial muscles and are responsible for posture, balance, and coarse control of axial and proximal muscles.
Most taxpayers can avoid paying a gift tax. As of 2012, each U.S. taxpayer can give up to $13,000 tax-free, the annual exclusion amount set by the Internal Revenue Service. This limit is subject to change. For example, from 2006 through 2008, it was $12,000.
Federal tax laws allow you to make a tax-free gift to anyone except your spouse. If a niece or other family member needs financial assistance, you can make a tax-free gift to that person as long as you stay within the IRS guidelines.