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A pheochromocytoma is an adrenal gland tumor that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine hormones. These hormones are responsible for regulating heart rate and blood pressure, among other functions. Pheochromocytomas occur most frequently in young to middle-aged adults between the ages of 30 and 60. Ten percent of individuals affected are children who usually develop symptoms between the ages of 6 and 14.
The indications for surgical removal of the adrenal gland are relatively straightforward and include, but are not limited to the following: 1  Tumors of the adrenal cortex which overproduce hormones. One such tumor is shown in the picture...it is the round yellow mass located within the triangular adrenal gland. This picture is blown up about 2-fold to make it easier to see. The normal adrenal gland is NOT this big. Endocrine glands are very important despite their small size since they make important hormones. Tumors of the adrenal medulla which overproduce adrenaline (pheochromocytoma). Most solid tumors of the adrenal gland which are greater than 4 cm (~2 inches) regardless of whether they produce hormone or not (to rule out malignancy).