In the Cell Stem Cell study, Eggan and postdoctoral fellow Evangelos Kiskinis led an effort to make stem cell lines from two women with ALS who have SOD1 mutations in order to compare human biology and mouse biology.
Felec = k q1q2r2. In the given equation the Felec is the electrical force, q1 and q2 are the charges on two objects while ârâ is the radius between the objects. K is the proportionality constant that makes the units of force consistent with the units of charges.
The equation for Torque is: Tq=Force X Lever Arm Distance. So it is the amount of force applied over the length of the lever arm measured from the fulcrum to where you applied the force. In the case of an engine, this would be the force the piston and rod applied on the crank, multiplied by the length of the crank arm.