For other uses, see Airplane (disambiguation) and Aeroplane (disambiguation). An airplane or aeroplane (informally plane) is a powered, fixed-wing aircraft that is propelled forward by thrust from a jet engine or propeller. Airplanes come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and wing configurations.
The cramps commonly occur on hands, feet and the legs. During dialysis, there are several possible causes of muscle cramps. Low blood volume, or hypotension is one of the main reasons. This happens when a large amount of fluid are discharged out of the body during dialysis treatment. Drinking too much fluid between two dialysis treatments is the most common cause.
More frequently, hemodialysis-associated hypotension is a result of other factors. For example, food ingestion during hemodialysis is a documented cause of hypotension. The mechanism of action is decreased systemic vascular resistance. The obvious solution for this cause of hypotension is to stop food ingestion before and during hemodialysis. Hypotension can also represent a reaction to the hemodialysis membrane. Approximately 3% to 5% of patients who are dialyzed with cellulosic membranes may experience side effects, including hypotension.