How do air parcels respond to a horizontal air pressure gradient? A horizontal pressure gradient refers to air pressure changes along a surface of constant altitude. The horizontal wind is governed by interactions of the pressure gradient force, centripetal force, Coriolis Effect, friction, and gravity. The pressure gradient force initiates air motion and arises in part from spatial variations in air temperature and, to a lesser extent, water vapor concentration.
Carbon fiber was invented in 1958 by Roger Bacon. It used Rayon  fibers which where heated until carbonized to create a highly  durable and strong material.
slide 2 of 3. How Were Carbon Nanotubes Discovered? Although the first pictures of carbon nanotubes date to 1952, it is probable that researchers had created them well before this date. In fact, one patent from 1889 discusses the use of carbon filaments produced by the combustion of methane in lightbulbs.