1 The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the gonads (ovaries, testicles) operate in a feedback loop, producing and maintaining the levels of sex hormones (androgens and estrogens) that are mainly responsible for the primary and secondary changes of puberty.
Calculation: Here is the formula for FIP: FIP = ((13*HR)+(3*(BB+HBP))-(2*K))/IP + constant. The constant is solely to bring FIP onto an ERA scale and is generally around 3.10. You can find historical FIP constant values here, or you can derive the constant yourself.
1 The solution should contain 0.1-0.12 FIP units/ml. Before use the solution is equilibrated to 35 Â°C.  Enzyme Reference Solution: Dissolve a suitable amount of bromelain FIP standard in enzyme-activation solution to obtain a solution with an activity of apparently 0.1-0.12 FIP units/ml.