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After assessing the situation, Necker insisted that Louis XVI call together the Estates-General, a French congress that originated in the medieval period and consisted of three estates. The First Estate was the clergy, the Second Estate the nobility, and the Third Estate effectively the rest of French society.
Some leaders of the Fronde were attempting to overthrow Mazarin and reverse the policies of his predeces-sor Cardinal Richelieu who had taken power for the crown from great territorial nobles. When Louis XIV became king in 1643, he was only a child, and though Richelieu had died the year before, his policies continued to dominate French life under his successor Cardinal Mazarin.