1 In 2006, the city of New Meadows, ID issued 17 building permits. 2  All permits issued were for Single Family Homes. 3  Of those 17 permits, 1 were issued for single family homes and 16 were issued for multi-family homes.
In biological processes the direction an ion will move by diffusion or active transport across membrane is determined by the electrochemical gradient. In mitochondria and chloroplasts, proton gradients are used to generate a chemiosmotic potential that is also known as a proton motive force.
Key points: 1  Bacteria can take up foreign DNA in a process called transformation. 2  Transformation is a key step in DNA cloning. 3  After transformation, bacteria are selected on antibiotic plates. 4  Colonies with the right plasmid can be grown to make large cultures of identical bacteria, which are used to produce plasmid or make protein.