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Earmark (politics) In public finance, an earmark is a provision inserted into a discretionary government spending appropriations bill that directs funds to a specific recipient while circumventing the merit-based or competitive funds allocation process. The term earmark is used in this sense in the United States and South Africa.
The Congress is required by Article 1, Section 9, Clause 7 of the United States Constitution to pass legislation prior to the expenditure of any U.S. Treasury funds. The earmarking process provided Congress with the power to earmark discretionary funds it appropriates to be spent on specific named projects.