Calculate the reflectance for specific conditions. For example, say that a polished gold surface subjected to direct radiation with a wavelength of 480 nanometers reflects about 60 percent of that radiation. In this case, the reflectance would be q(y) = (Gr(y)/Gi(y))^2 = .6^2 = .36, or about 36 percent.
axial skeleton - the part of the skeleton that includes the skull and spinal column and sternum and ribs. breastbone, sternum - the flat bone that articulates with the clavicles and the first seven pairs of ribs. skull - the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates.
Axial skeleton - Short Summary. 1  Axisl skeleton consist of 80 bones. 2  Skull contains 22 bones from which 8 are cranial and 14 are facial. 3  6 middle ear ossicles (3 in each ear). 4  1 hyoid bone in neck. 5  33 bones of vertebral column. 6  1 chest bone called sternum. 7  24 ribs (12 pairs).