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Bleeding esophageal varices. The esophagus is the tube that connects your throat to your stomach. Varices are enlarged veins that may be found in the esophagus. These veins may break open and bleed. Scarring (cirrhosis) of the liver is the most common cause of esophageal varices. This scarring cuts down on blood flowing through the liver. As a result, more blood flows through the veins of the esophagus. The extra blood flow causes the veins in the esophagus to balloon outward.
Some of the causes of esophageal dysphagia include: 1  Achalasia. 2  Diffuse spasm. 3  Esophageal stricture. 4  Esophageal tumors. 5  Foreign bodies. 6  Esophageal ring. 7  Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). 8  Eosinophilic esophagitis. 9  Scleroderma. 10  Radiation therapy.auses of oropharyngeal dysphagia include: 1  Neurological disorders. 2  Certain disorders â such as multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy and Parkinson's disease â can cause dysphagia.