Arginine. Arginine, or L-arginine as it is called with its L-structure, is a semi-essential amino acid. Arginine is involved in many metabolic processes and important in the treatment of heart diseases and high blood pressure.
Layman's explanation: Nitric acid was first discovered in 1648 by a German chemist, Johann Rudolf. However, in 1901 Wilhelm Ostwald developed the Ostwald Process, which became the principle way of producing nitric acid.
Discovery of the ABO system: In 1900 Karl Landsteiner reported a series of tests, which identified the ABO Blood Group System. In 1910 he won Nobel prize for medicine for this discovery. He mixed the serum and cells of all the researchers in his lab and found four different patterns of agglutination.