Extinction _____. only happens above the species level cannot happen to more than one species at a time has happened to over 99% of species that ever lived on earth happens when a species or population dies out.
Nivolumab is also used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC, a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the kidneys) that worsened after treatment with other chemotherapy medications. Nivolumab is in a class of medications called monoclonal antibodies.
Mechanism of Action. 1  Nivolumab is a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody that binds to the PD-1 receptor and blocks its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2, releasing PD-1 pathway-mediated inhibition of the immune response, including the anti-tumor immune response.