Female black bears may give birth to 1 to 6 cubs (twins are most common) in January or February. Black bear cubs may be 1/250th the size of the mother bear, and are the smallest newborns, compared to their mothers, of any placental mammal.
A left ventricular assist device, or LVAD, is a mechanical pump that is implanted inside a person's chest to help a weakened heart pump blood. Unlike a total artificial heart, the LVAD doesn't replace the heart. It just helps it do its job. This can mean the difference between life and death for a person whose heart needs a rest after open-heart surgery or for people waiting for a heart transplant.
A CVAD is a catheter that is inserted into the central venous system with the internal tip sitting within the superior/inferior vena cava or right atrium (Royal College of Nursing (RCN) 2010; Dougherty and Lister 2008). When following this guideline, it must be used in conjunction with the following policies: