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Signs and symptoms of knee effusion include: 1  Puffiness and swelling in the knee. 2  Pain when bearing weight. 3  Stiffness or reduced range of motion due to increased fluid.  One knee appears noticeably larger than the 1  other. May feel warm to the touch.
Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of water on the knee. This condition develops as the meniscus wears away due to repetitive stress and injury over time. Without the lubricating effect of cartilage, friction increases, and the knee becomes swollen and painful to use. Trauma is another common cause of effusion. Twisting, hyperextension, a sudden stop or a direct blow to the knee can damage the bones, ligaments and meniscus, resulting in pain and swelling. Interestingly, many diseases can cause knee problems, including some that may have origins elsewhere in the body.