Osteocyte - Osteocyte apoptosis and associated pathologies. 1  Osteocytes die as a consequence of senescence, degeneration/necrosis, apoptosis (programmed cell death), and/or osteoclastic engulfment. [1]
Myelin is a substance which encloses the axons of neurons, providing electrical insulation that helps the nervous system function. The importance of this substance is most evident in the types of diseases that develop when it is damaged or destroyed.
Others are 3 feet long. Some axons are covered in myelin. Myelin protects the axons and helps carry axon messages as quickly as possible. Myelin. Myelin is made of membrane layers that cover an axon. This is similar to the idea of an electrical wire with coating to protect the metal underneath. Myelin allows a nerve signal to travel faster. In unmyelinated neurons, a signal can travel along the nerves at about 1 meter per second. In a myelinated neuron, the signal can travel 100 meters per second. Certain diseases can damage myelin. Demyelination slows down messages sent along axons and causes the axon to deteriorate.