Models however, also have limitations. The model used for electric circuits by scientists today makes use of the idea that all substances contain electrically charged particles (see the focus idea Macroscopic versus microscopic properties).
Depending on the materials used, a driveway can be utilitarian, like gravel, asphalt, or concrete, or decorative, like stamped asphalt, stamped concrete, or cobblestone. Typical costs: A gravel driveway starts at roughly $0.75-$3 or more a square foot, or $300-$1,000 for a 12'x25' single-car driveway. Costs can double for a roadway-quality driveway. Loose gravel will need replenishing periodically, but a correctly designed, installed and maintained gravel driveway can last 50-100 years or more.
Line Cost. Gravel driveway: transport 3/8 washed gravel 5 miles and spread to 6â depth along 300' of 8' wide lane and 500 sq.ft. of parking; total 2,900 sq.ft.