An autoantibody is an antibody (a type of protein) produced by the immune system that is directed against one or more of the individual's own proteins. Many autoimmune diseases (notably lupus erythematosus) are caused by such autoantibodies.
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), also known as C8 and perfluorooctanoate, is a synthetic perfluorinated carboxylic acid and fluorosurfactant.FOA has widespread applications. In 1976, PFOA was reported as a water and oil repellent in fabrics and leather and in the production of floor waxes and waxed papers ; however, it is believed that paper is no longer treated with perfluorinated compounds, but with fluorotelomers with less than 0.1% PFOA.
The third-generation Audi A8 and A8L hit the U.S. market for the 2011 model year. Initially, the standard A8 sedan was powered by a 372-hp 4.2-liter V-8 mated to an eight-speed automatic transmission and Quattro all-wheel-drive, while the A8L used a 367-hp version of the 4.2-liter or a 500-hp 6.3-liter W-12 engine. The 2012 Audi S8 brought the new 4.0-liter twin-turbo V-8 making 512 hp.