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The left diagram shows a steroid (lipid) hormone (1) entering a cell and (2) binding to a receptor protein in the nucleus, causing (3) mRNA synthesis which is the first step of protein synthesis. The right side shows protein hormones (1) binding with receptors which (2) begins a transduction pathway. The transduction pathway ends (3) with transcription factors being activated in the nucleus, and protein synthesis beginning. In both diagrams, a is the hormone, b is the cell membrane, c is the cytoplasm, and d is the nucleus.
A: Protein synthesis is important because the proteins created during this process control the activities of the cells. Without these proteins, many of the processes in the body would fail or not work properly. The DNA in each cell holds the instructions on how to make the protein, which is why every cell in the body must have a copy of the DNA.