Image-Guided Surgery - Overview. 1  Image-guided surgery (IGS) is the use of a real-time correlation of the operative field to a preoperative imaging data set that reflects the precise location of a selected surgical instrument to the surrounding anatomic structures. Although first developed for neurosurgery, endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) rapidly became one of the leading indi...
Like most other muscles, there are two trapezius muscles â a left and a right trapezius â that are symmetrical and meet at the vertebral column. The trapezius arises from ligaments at its origins along the nuchal crest of the occipital bone and the spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae....
You need to give the lower traps plenty of attention. The lower traps are actually essential for joint health, strength and performance, posture, and overall appearance. The trapezius is more than just a narrow slab of meat running from one shoulder to your neck and down to your other shoulder.mphasizing the lower traps rather than the upper isn't about working a fictional muscle within a muscle like the lower biceps or inner chest. It's about respecting the way the muscle was built to function and training it accordingly.