Mutations in these genes contribute to hearing loss by interfering with critical steps in processing sound. Different mutations in the same gene can be associated with different types of hearing loss, and some genes are associated with both syndromic and nonsyndromic forms.
This kind of therapy is distinct from what is commonly known as sleep hygiene: exercising regularly, but not too close to bedtime, and avoiding coffee and too much alcohol in the evening. These healthful habits do not amount to an effective treatment for insomnia. In her 2008 pilot study testing CBT-I in people with depression, Dr. Manber of Stanford used sleep hygiene as part of her control treatment.
When worn during sleep, they help to maintain an open airway by repositioning or stabilizing the lower jaw, tongue, soft palate, or uvula (the fingerlike piece of tissue that hangs down from the soft palate at the back of the mouth). The most common symptoms of sleep apnea are excessive snoring and daytime sleepiness. It is diagnosed with special tests while you sleep, usually in a sleep lab. The recommendations appear in the February issue of Sleep, the journal of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.