In Western Europe, France is more conservative than Spain, where marijuana is medically legal, but less conservative than Portugal, where possession is aggressively prosecuted. In 2010, the penalties for marijuana use and possession include a fine of 56 to 1680 euros and up to a year in prison.
Detrusor hyperreflexia (DH) is a frequently. occurring condition. The symptomatology is characterized. by frequency, urgency and urge incontinence. DH is de-. fined as involuntary, uninhibited detrusor contractions. The physiology and pathophysiology of the micturition. reflex is reviewed. The balance between cerebral stimu-. lation and supraspinal inhibition is discussed. DH is. caused by disturbances in this balance.
Baroreceptors are stretch receptors and respond to the pressure induced stretching of the blood vessel in which they are found. Baroreflex induced changes in blood pressure are mediated by both branches of the autonomic nervous system-that is the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Baroreceptors are active even at normal blood pressures so that their activity informs the brain about both increases and decreases in blood pressure.