Downforce - Airfoils. 1  The amount of downforce created by the wings or spoilers on a car is dependent primarily on two things... 2  The shape, including surface area, aspect ratio and cross-section of the device, and. 3  The device's orientation (or angle of attack).
Types of Seaweed. The simplest of the seaweeds are among the cyanobacteria, formerly called the blue-green algae, and green algae (division Chlorophyta), found nearest the shore in shallow waters and usually growing as threadlike filaments, irregular sheets, or branching fronds.
Most adult tunicates are sessile and are permanently attached to rocks or other hard surfaces on the ocean floor; others, such as salps, doliolids and pyrosomes, swim in the pelagic zone of the sea as adults. Various species are commonly known as sea squirts, sea pork, sea livers, or sea tulips. multitaxon molecular study in 2010 looked for evidence that sea squirts are descended from a hybrid between a chordate and a protostome ancestor, and for evidence of sea urchin-tunicate hybridization in the genes of modern sea squirts.