The DNA of most bacteria is contained in a single circular molecule, called the bacterial chromosome. The chromosome, along with several proteins and RNA molecules, forms an irregularly shaped structure called the nucleoid. This sits in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell.
Urine tests for diabetes facts. 1  Urine tests may be done in people with diabetes to evaluate severe hyperglycemia (severe high blood sugar) by looking for ketones in the urine.  Ketones are a metabolic product produced when fat is metabolized. Ketones increase when there is insufficient insulin to use glucose for energy.
Highlights. 1  A urine glucose test measures the level of glucose, or sugar, in your urine. 2  If your urine glucose test results are abnormal, your doctor will perform additional tests to determine the cause.  High glucose levels often indicate diabetes, a group of diseases that affects the way the body handles glucose.