The DNA of most bacteria is contained in a single circular molecule, called the bacterial chromosome. The chromosome, along with several proteins and RNA molecules, forms an irregularly shaped structure called the nucleoid. This sits in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell.
Urine tests for diabetes facts. 1  Urine tests may be done in people with diabetes to evaluate severe hyperglycemia (severe high blood sugar) by looking for ketones in the urine.  Ketones are a metabolic product produced when fat is metabolized. Ketones increase when there is insufficient insulin to use glucose for energy.
Diabetes. 1  The excess blood sugar in diabetics is removed from the body via urine. This causes them to pass urine more frequently, thereby causing dehydration and frothy urine. 2  Diabetics who see a rise in their blood glucose levels along with increased thirst need to go to a doctor for treatment.