1. 1  the region below the lithosphere, variously estimated as being from fifty to several hundred miles (eighty-five to several hundred kilometers) thick, in which the rock is less rigid than that above and below but rigid enough to transmit transverse seismic waves.
Operationalization is sometimes used to specifically refer to the scientific practice of operationally defining, where even the most basic concepts are defined through the operations by which we measure them. This comes from the work of Percy Williams Bridgman, whose methodological position is called operationalism.
Mathematics and statistics. Normalization of an algebraic variety, the operation consisting in taking locally the integral closure of the ring of regular functions. Normalization (statistics), adjustments of values or distributions in statistics Quantile normalization, statistical technique for making two distributions identical in statistical properties.