A gene is a segment of DNA that encodes function. A chromosome consists of a long strand of DNA containing many genes. A human chromosome can have up to 500 million base pairs of DNA with thousands of genes.he total complement of genes in an organism or cell is known as its genome, which may be stored on one or more chromosomes. A chromosome consists of a single, very long DNA helix on which thousands of genes are encoded. The region of the chromosome at which a particular gene is located is called its locus.
Yes. Even the plants and algae that are completely under the surface are exposed to enough sunlight to conduct photosynthesis. Shoreline plants and partially submerged plants are included in water biomes, and these, of course, photosynthesize.
In terms of organisms, photosynthesis occurs in autotrophes that contain the green pigment chlorophyll. This would include the entire plant kingdom, half of the Protista (the algae), & half the Moneran Kingdom (the blue-green algae). On the multicellular level, photosynthesis occurs in the leaves of plants.