Neptune discovery telescope. The telescope at New Berlin Observatory (1835â1913), that discovered Neptune, was an achromatic refractor of 9 Paris inch (9.6 English inches or 24.4 cm) aperture made by the late Joseph Fraunhofer's firm, Merz und Mahler.
The southern states needed these slaves because the southern states had more farms and plantations than the North did. Not everyone could afford slaves; slaves were really expensive. They were expensive to buy because they had to be feed and taken care of.
The Three-fifths Compromise gave the otherwise small white  populations of the South an equal footing with the more populous  North, and this compromise held until the basic issue of slavery  became paramount in the 1820s and 1830s.