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RSI originated in the anesthesia literature to prevent aspiration in unprepped patients undergoing general anesthesia. From the first anecdotal reports of p-RSI in 1972, prehospital intubation has matured into widespread use. The often conflicting outcome data underscored the need to standardize the approach to p-RSI.
Kirstein performed the first direct laryngoscopy in Berlin, using an esophagoscope he had modified for this purpose; he called this device an autoscope. It is believed that the death in 1888 of Emperor Frederick III motivated Kirstein to develop the autoscope. In 1913, Chevalier Jackson was the first to report a high rate of success for the use of direct laryngoscopy as a means to intubate the trachea.