On closer inspection, you notice that there is a large black inclusion within the diamond structure. Inclusions that are large and pronounced can interrupt the passage of light through the gem, hindering the diamond brilliance and fire.
Abstract. The âmanganese-oxidizing groupâ is a phylogenetically diverse assemblage, which is characterized by the ability to catalyze the oxidation of divalent, soluble Mn(II) to insoluble manganese oxides of the general formula MnO x (where X is some number between 1 and 2).abitats of manganese-oxidizing bacteria: the two well-characterized general environments where one might expect to encounter natural enrichments of Mn-oxidizing bacteria. Mn(II) is also continuously supplied by inputs of anoxic (reduced) water into aerobic environments (Fig. 2, part II).
Manganese dioxide is used as the cathode (electron acceptor) material in zinc-carbon and alkaline batteries. In biology, manganese(II) ions function as cofactors for a large variety of enzymes with many functions.anganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in combination with iron, and in many minerals. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.