Japan has supplanted the UK as Canada's second most important trading partner, although it is not nearly as important as the US, accounting for only 4% of exports and 3% of imports. Almost all imports from Japan are highly manufactured commodities, such as automobiles and electronic equipment, whereas exports to Japan are almost entirely raw and semiprocessed materials, such as lumber, metals, coal and farm products.
The first pandemic occurred in 1817 hitting India, China, Japan, parts of Southeast Asia, much of the Middle East, and Madagascar and the East African Coast opposite Zanzibar; however, it died down in 1823 in Anatolia and the Caucuses before it reached Europe.sia suffered immensely from a large outbreak from 1899-1923 and currently many developing nations in Africa, the Caribbean and Asia suffer in the seventh pandemic of cholera. This current pandemic began in South Asia in 1961, touched Africa in 1971 and then the Americas in 1991.
The history of syphilis has been well studied, but the exact origin of the disease is unknown. There are two primary hypotheses: one proposes that syphilis was carried to Europe from the Americas by the crew of Christopher Columbus as a byproduct of the Columbian exchange, while the other proposes that syphilis previously existed in Europe but went unrecognized. These are referred to as the Columbian and pre-Columbian hypotheses. The first written records of an outbreak of syphilis in Europe occurred in 1494/1495 in Naples, Italy, during a French invasion. Because it was spread by returning French troops, the disease was known as French disease, and it was not until 1530 that the term syphilis was first applied by the Italian physician and poet Girolamo Fracastoro.