Peripheral nerve injury of the upper extremity commonly occurs in patients who participate in recreational (e.g., sports) and occupational activities. Nerve injury should be considered when a patient experiences pain, weakness, or paresthesias in the absence of a known bone, soft tissue, or vascular injury.
Brain injury occurs when the tissues of the brain suffer an acute injury that results in temporary, chronic, or permanent damage and/or dysfunction. The brain is a very sensitive organ subject to injury from a variety of insults. Some of the major causes of brain injury include trauma, lack of oxygen (hypoxic/anoxic injury), lack of blood flow (ischemia), infection, and metabolic disorders.
Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, or HIE, also known as Intrapartum Asphyxia. Oxygen deprivation, or intrapartum asphyxia, can cause cerebral palsy. One of the most common types of brain damage caused by oxygen loss is called hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, or HIE.ypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, or HIE, is the brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain, also commonly known as intrapartum asphyxia. The newbornâs body can compensate for brief periods of depleted oxygen, but if the asphyxia lasts too long, brain tissue is destroyed.