A fungus (/ËfÊÅÉ¡És/; plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from the other eukaryotic life kingdoms of plants and animals. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria and some protists, is chitin in their cell walls.
The 11-year cycle of the number of sunspots was first demonstrated by Heinrich Schwabe (1789-1875) in 1843. There have been several periods during which sunspots were rare or absent, most notably the Maunder minimum (1645-1715), and less markedly the Dalton minimum (1795-1820) (Fig 2.8 in the book).
Sunspots/Solar Cycle. Sunspots are dark regions on the Sun. They are regions of intense magnetic field that are intimately associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections.Sunspots appear dark on the sunâs surface because they are cooler (3700 K) than the rest of the solar surface (6000 K).Sunspots are cooler because their intense magnetic fields inhibit the rise of heat from the solar interior. Sunspots can appear alone, or in close connection to other sunspots.Sunspots that are clearly connected to each other are grouped into active regions with an official number designated by NOAA. Active regions are classified according to their size and complexity with a scale known as the modified Zurich scale.unspots can appear alone, or in close connection to other sunspots. Sunspots that are clearly connected to each other are grouped into active regions with an official number designated by NOAA. Active regions are classified according to their size and complexity with a scale known as the modified Zurich scale.