The first step in diagnosing a HÃ¼rthle cell adenoma is to establish the existence of a thyroid tumor. Second, a physician must determine whether the tumor is malignant or benign.
foraminal narrowing or foraminal stenosis is a condition of the spine that can cause pain and other symptoms resulting from spinal nerve root compression at every level of the spine a pair of nerve roots runs through the spinal column via small openings called foramina singular foramen
By Michael Perry, M.D. Degenerative foraminal stenosis is a type of spine deterioration that is a common result of aging. Specifically, foraminal stenosis involves the narrowing of one or both of the vertebral canals (intervertebral foramina) through which nerve roots are given space to branch off the spinal cord.