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Best Answer: An enlarged left atrium means simply that the atrium that pumps blood in the ventricle that pumps blood to the rest of the body is larger than it should be, the seriousness depends on the size of the enlargement, a small enlargement usually won't pose any noticable problems, however, a larger deviation from normal size can lead to problems ranging from electrical dissarray such as atrial fibrillation to stroke, due to blood pooling in the atrium.
Note that these are the only veins in the body that contain oxygenated blood; all other veins contain deoxygenated blood. The pulmonary veins enter the left atrium. When the left atrium relaxes, the oxygenated blood drains into the left ventricle through the left AV valve.