A garlic scape. The word scape (Latin scapus, from Greek ÏÎºá¾¶ÏÎ¿Ï), as used in botany, is fairly vague and arbitrary; various sources provide divergent definitions.
All citations of the U.S. Constitution begin with U.S. Const., followed by the article, amendment, section, and/or clause numbers as relevant. The terms article, amendment, section, and clause are always abbreviated art., amend., Â§, and cl., respectively. Preamble is abbreviated pmbl. (as in my opening quotation).
Save. Comstock Images/Comstock/Getty Images. At the end of an academic essay, you should include a page of references to show where you found the factual information you included in the paper. The in-text citation style you use depends on the style of referencing you use (MLA, APA or Chicago).ind the places in the essay where you named the author(s) from your reference material. Add the publication year of the reference in parenthesis immediately following the name(s) in your essay. Find the places in the essay where you need citations, but did not name the author of the source you used.