A phonetic script for English created in 1847 by Isaac Pitman and Henry Ellis was used as a model for the IPA.
The Stack Data Structure in C and C++. The stack is a common data structure for representing things that need to maintained in a particular order. For instance, when a function calls another function, which in turn calls a third function, it's important that the third function return back to the second function rather than the first.
A push/pop operation is usually performed on a stack. You can think of a stack as an array of, in this case, integers. A stack is a LIFO (last in, first out) data structure. That means that whatever the last thing you pushed into a stack was, will be the first thing that pops out. Let's push again.