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When carbon dioxide dissolves in water, it can do so as a gas dissolved in water or by reacting with water to produce carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is known as a weak acid because it partially dissociates into the positive Hydrogen ions and negative bicarbonate ions.his means that some of the added hydrogen ions will react with the bicarbonate ions to produce carbonic acid and the carbonic acid will dissociate into carbon dioxide and water as shown below. When hydrogen ions are removed from the reaction, the equilibrium will shift to the right.
The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) form a family of enzymes that catalyze the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons (or vice versa), a reversible reaction that occurs relatively slowly in the absence of a catalyst.ne of the functions of the enzyme in animals is to interconvert carbon dioxide and bicarbonate to maintain acid-base balance in blood and other tissues, and to help transport carbon dioxide out of tissues.