Summary: In engineering, the transition from idea to product requires that the engineer produce clear proposals demonstrating the idea's practicality and economic feasibility. Smelser describes how writing is a key element in this process. Engineers don't need to know how to write.
Cradle to gate Cradle to gate is a boundary condition associated with embodied carbon, carbon footprint and LCA studies. A study to these boundaries considers all activities starting with the extraction of materials from the earth (the cradle), their transportation, refining, processing and fabrication activities until the material or product is ready to leave the factory gate.
It took a good long time and lots of patience, he says. A prehung door does simplify and speed up installation, but the term prehung is really a misnomer. These doors and jambs must still be carefully adjusted to account for shortcomings in the wall frame. It requires accuracy to put in one of these, Tom says. If it's not installed right, it won't hang well..