Summary: In engineering, the transition from idea to product requires that the engineer produce clear proposals demonstrating the idea's practicality and economic feasibility. Smelser describes how writing is a key element in this process. Engineers don't need to know how to write.
Cradle to gate Cradle to gate is a boundary condition associated with embodied carbon, carbon footprint and LCA studies. A study to these boundaries considers all activities starting with the extraction of materials from the earth (the cradle), their transportation, refining, processing and fabrication activities until the material or product is ready to leave the factory gate.
the terminology of door check and door closer are from long ago, in 1880's and 1890's door closers were just a spring device to pull the door shut but not really control theâ¦ closing speed or force, door check, that was more of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder with a piston inside (think of a regular screen door closer, but without the spring) was ...