A geological engineer has the job of designing mines to remove minerals (like metals and coal) in a safe and efficient way to use in utilities and manufacturing. These engineers also draw up technical reports for other engineers, managers, and miners.
DISCRETE DIVIDENDS IN EQUITY DERIVATIVES. One of the complications in equity derivative modelling is how to treat dividends. One of the complications in equity derivative modelling is how to treat dividends. On dividend payout, or ex div, dates, the underlying spot drops by the dividend amount, ignoring tax. This introduces discrete deterministic jumps into the geometric Brownian process assumed within the Black-Scholes framework. The underlying stochastic process in the presence of discrete dividend can be expressed as:
Dividends are a distribution of corporate earnings to shareholders and usually take place in one of two forms -- cash or stock. A stock dividend is the latter of these two kinds of dividends. Each organization's board of directors determines the actual dividend amount that the firm will pay out. Most cash dividends are paid on a quarterly basis, but stock dividends are generally paid at infrequent intervals.