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Retained earnings represent the amount a company has left after it has paid all its expenses, taxes, and dividends. A company can return all the cash it has left after it has taken care of its obligations, but that would handicap its efforts to expand operations, make acquisitions, and replace equipment.
Statement of Retained Earnings. The amount of net income which is left in a business after the distribution dividends or withdrawls by owner is called retained earnings. The financial statement which calculates the balance of retained earnings at the end of the period is called the statement of retained earnings. It is very similar to the statement of changes in equity however it only shows how retained earnings changed during the period. As obvious from the above formula, the basic elements of a statement of retained earnings are: Beginning balance of retained earnings.