These captive geese were also bred in captivity. As a consequence, their descendents do not have biological need to migrate to Canada since geese nest in the area where they were born. The near extinction of Canada geese populations - Creating the current conflict.
Primary skeletal involvement is rare [4]. We are reporting one such case of symptomatic congenital syphilis that presented with skeletal manifestations soon after birth, a rare finding in literature [5].
Wendy Chung, M.D. Ph.D. Telephone: 851-5313. e-mail: wkc15@columbia.edu. SUMMARY. A congenital malformation is an anatomical or structural abnormality present at birth. Congenital. malformations may be caused by genetic factors or environmental insults or a combination of the. two that occur during prenatal development. Most common congenital malformations demonstrate. multifactorial inheritance with a threshold effect and are determined by a combination of genetic and. environmental factors.