Optics: : [op-tiks] - noun. A branch of physics that studies electromagnetic radiation (for example, light and infrared radiation), its interactions with matter, and instruments used to gather information due to these interactions.Optics includes the study of sight. branch of physics that studies electromagnetic radiation (for example, light and infrared radiation), its interactions with matter, and instruments used to gather information due to these interactions.
By 1924, the National Flag Conference, under the leadership of the American Legion and the Daughters of the American Revolution, changed the Pledge's words, 'my Flag,' to 'the Flag of the United States of America.'
Between 1924 and 1954, the Pledge of Allegiance was worded: I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands; one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.. In 1954, during the McCarthy era and communism scare, Congress passed a bill, which was signed into law, to add the words under God..