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The beneficial effect of chitin-based treatments to antagonistic bacteria is not restricted to B. subtilis, with both chitin and chitosan improving the control of Fusarium wilt in both tomato [66] and cucumber [67] when applied to the soil with a range of different species of chitinolytic microbes.
Despite chitin not being a component of bacterial cells [2], chitosan has been shown to possess antibacterial activity [37,38]. The majority of studies have been concerned with the control of human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and certain Bacillus species.