The tenant as the resident of the unit within the HOA then engages in conduct that violates the HOAsâ governing documents, being either the Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions (âCC&Rsâ) or the Rules and Regulations, of the HOA.n extremely common issue faced by Homeownersâ Associations (âHOAsâ) and their members, the individuals owning property within the area governed by the HOA, is what oversight the HOA has over tenants within the HOA. The issue arises when an individual owner of a unit within an HOA chooses to rent their unit to a tenant.
Each cavity (grey area) comprises a visceral layer (green) and a parietal layer (blue). The visceral layer is closely apposed to the lungs and cannot be dissected from the surface. The parietal layer is thicker and is attached to the walls of the thorax (e.g., diaphragm, ribs, etc). The layers are continuous at the hilum of the lung. Drawing of the pleural cavity showing the right lung (dark green) lined by visceral pleura (1) and parietal pleura (2) between which is the pleural sac (3).
The two lungs and their pleural sacs are situated in the thoracic cavity (figs. 22-1 and 22-2). The pleura is a thin, glistening, slippery serous membrane, inflammation of which is called pleurisy. The pleura lines the thoracic wall and diaphragm, where it is known as the parietal pleura.It is reflected onto the lung, where it is called the visceral pleura.ecause of the slope of the first rib, the cupola of the pleura and the apex of the lung project upward into the neck, posterior to the sternomastoid, and hence may be injured in wounds of the neck. Their highest point is 2 to 3 cm or more above the level of the medial third of the clavicle.