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Pancreas The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine. These enzymes break down protein, fats, and carbohydrates. The pancreas also makes insulin, secreting it directly into the bloodstream. Insulin is the chief hormone for metabolizing sugar.
The liver, pancreas and gall bladder are called accessory organs. This means they work with the GI tract to break down food. The liver is the largest gland in the body, weighing about 1.5 kg (3.3 lb) in an adult. The liver has many roles in the digestive system. For example, it: produces a green fluid called bile, which breaks down fats. removes wastes and toxins from the body. breaks down nutrients and stores some vitamins and minerals.