The tenant as the resident of the unit within the HOA then engages in conduct that violates the HOAsâ governing documents, being either the Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions (âCC&Rsâ) or the Rules and Regulations, of the HOA.n extremely common issue faced by Homeownersâ Associations (âHOAsâ) and their members, the individuals owning property within the area governed by the HOA, is what oversight the HOA has over tenants within the HOA. The issue arises when an individual owner of a unit within an HOA chooses to rent their unit to a tenant.
Each cavity (grey area) comprises a visceral layer (green) and a parietal layer (blue). The visceral layer is closely apposed to the lungs and cannot be dissected from the surface. The parietal layer is thicker and is attached to the walls of the thorax (e.g., diaphragm, ribs, etc). The layers are continuous at the hilum of the lung. Drawing of the pleural cavity showing the right lung (dark green) lined by visceral pleura (1) and parietal pleura (2) between which is the pleural sac (3).
The two lungs and their pleural sacs are situated in the thoracic cavity (figs. 22-1 and 22-2). The pleura is a thin, glistening, slippery serous membrane, inflammation of which is called pleurisy. The pleura lines the thoracic wall and diaphragm, where it is known as the parietal pleura.It is reflected onto the lung, where it is called the visceral pleura.The visceral pleura covers the lung and dips into its fissures.The facing surfaces of the parietal and visceral pleurae slide smoothly against each other during respiration.ir in the pleural cavity (pneumothorax) results in collapse of the lung. The pleura is supplied by adjacent arteries and nerves and has numerous lymphatics. Irritation of the parietal pleura causes pain referred to the thoraco-abdominal wall (intercostal nerves) or to the shoulder (phrenic nerve).