Swelling of the ankle and feet is relatively frequent symptom in most people. In itself it does not represent a disease but rather the symptom of an underlying disease. 1  Causes of swollen ankles and feet are numerous including:  Dependent swelling (edema)
Report Abuse. POPULATION PARAMETER(p) is a value used to represent a certain QUANTIFIABLE characteristic of a population. This is like the mean or variance of a population and often these values are unknown, and are estimated using sample data.
conceptually similar to other t statistics, the sample data are represented by the sample mean of the difference scores, the population parameter is the value predicted by H0 (the population mean difference=0) and the amount of sampling error is measured by the standard error of the sample mean.