(mainly US & Canadian) to transport (children) by bus from one area to a school in another in order to create racially integrated classes Word Origin C19: short for omnibus
DNA. n. A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in cells and some viruses, consisting of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine.oun. 1. DNA - (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information; DNA is the king of molecules. deoxyribonucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid.
How DNA Encodes for Proteins: 1. Transcription: DNA to mRNA. During transcription, DNA is converted to messenger RNA (mRNA) by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. RNA is a molecule that is chemically similar to DNA, and also contains repeating nucleotide subunits. However, the âbasesâ of RNA differ from those of DNA in that thymine (T) is replaced by uracil (U) in RNA. DNA and RNA bases are also held together by chemical bonds and have specific base pairing rules. In DNA/RNA base pairing, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). The conversion of DNA to mRNA occurs when an RNA polymerase makes a complementary mRNA copy of a DNA âtemplateâ sequence. Once the mRNA molecule has been synthesized, specific chemical modifications must be made that enable the mRNA to be translated into protein. 2. Translation: mRNA to protein During translation, mRNA is converted to protein. A group of three mRNA nucleotides encodes for a specific amino acid and is called a codon.