During the whole of the 1950's, Mandela was the victim of various forms of repression. He was banned, arrested, and imprisoned. For much of the latter half of the decade, he was one of the accused in the mammoth Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961.
Bolam test. A test that arose from English tort law, which is used to assess medical negligence. Bolam holds that the law imposes a duty of care between a doctor and his patient, but the standard of that care is a matter of medical judgement.
monofilament. A strand of nylon used to assess sensation in peripheral nerves, especially in the feet of patients with diabetes mellitus and other neuropathic conditions. The inability to feel the prodding of a strand of monofilament on the foot in one or more locations is diagnostic of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.