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The leaves become bitter and the plants begin to bolt as the stem elongates into a tall bloom stalk. Leaf lettuce varieties take about 40 days from seeding to harvest while head types may take 70 days. This is another reason the head types are more of a challenge. To get more from your garden space, consider interplanting your lettuce with slower maturing crops.
Baby-sized lettuce reaches maturity in about 4-6 weeks. Sow lettuce seeds every couple weeks to stretch out the harvest season. How to sow lettuce seed: Drop a small amount of lettuce seeds into one hand, then pinch the seed between your forefinger and thumb of the other hand. Drop the seeds thinly over the soil. Lettuce seeds are tiny, and they need light to germinate, so cover the seeds lightly -- never more than 1/4-in (.5 cm) -- with potting medium. Then, spray with water until thoroughly moist. Mist every morning to keep the medium moist at all times.