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#4. The R represents the side chain of the amino acids which make up the anti-parallel beta sheet. Since a wide variety of side chains can exist on a beta -sheet, they generalize the structure by writing Rs instead of specific amino acid side chains.
All amino acids share a common structure, where an amino group is bonded to a carbon atom (designated the alpha carbon) which is in turn bonded to carboxylate (carboxyllic acid), a hydrogen and the variable group often denoted as the R group (except glycine which has a H for an R group).hey are made up of a phosphate, a sugar (deoxyribose or rybose for RNA), and a base. The types of bases are pyrimidine and purine. Adenine, â¦ guanine, cytosine, and thymine are the bases in DNA. Adenine and guanine are purines and cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines.