The beginning of the amazing events at Krakatoa in 1883 date to May 20 when there were initial rumblings and venting from the volcano, which had been dormant for about 200 years.
A refinery margin is the revenue associated with refining petroleum, expressed as a value per volume (e.g. $/L), net of the cost of the crude oil input. The simplest refining
Refinery Utilization. Another critical component of refining economics is the utilization rate, or how efficiently the refining complex is operating. The Canadian refining sector has undergone significant rationalization in the last three decades. In the early 1970s, there were 40 refineries in Canada.