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The Probable Cause Exception. Police may search a vehicle if there is probable cause to believe that the car contains evidence of criminal activity. For example, if a car interior smells like marijuana, the police can search the vehicle. Under this exception, the police can search the car trunk or containers where contraband could be found.
Police officers can also obtain an anticipatory search warrantâa warrant that issues before contraband arrives at the location to be searchedâif they can show probable cause (U.S. v. Grubbs, U.S. Sup.Ct. 2006).owever, the suspect can later challenge the validity of the warrant with a pretrial motion. Police officers can also obtain an anticipatory search warrantâa warrant that issues before contraband arrives at the location to be searchedâif they can show probable cause (U.S. v. Grubbs, U.S. Sup. Ct. 2006).