An independent practice association (or IPA) is a US term for an association of independent physicians, or other organization that contracts with independent physicians, and provides services to managed care organizations on a negotiated per capita rate, flat retainer fee, or negotiated fee-for-service basis.
'Forbes' Billionaire List: JK Rowling Drops From Billionaire To Millionaire Due To Charitable Giving. Even Harry Potter's wizardry couldnât have prevented this blow. JK Rowling, the first female novelist billionaire, recently lost her exclusive status because of some very good deeds. Forbes, which has produced an annual list of billionaires for the past 25 years, said that the Harry Potter author dropped from billionaire to millionaire due to Britain's high taxes and her charitable giving.
The purchasing power of a million US dollars in 1850 is equivalent to $28.8 million in 2016. Thus a millionaire (in the local currency) in Hong Kong or Taiwan, for example, may be merely averagely wealthy, or perhaps less wealthy than average. In 2007 a millionaire in Zimbabwe would have been extremely poor. At the end of 2015, there were estimated to be just over 13 million US$ millionaires or high-net-worth individual (HNWIs) in the world.