The third leading cause of end stage kidney disease in the U.S. is glomerulonephritis, a disease that damages the kidneys' filtering units, called the glomeruli. In many cases, the cause of this disease is not known, but some cases may be inherited and others may be triggered by an infection. Some of the other diseases that may affect the kidneys include infections, kidney stones and inherited diseases such as polycystic kidney disease. The kidneys can also be damaged by overuse of some over-the-counter pain killers and by taking illegal drugs such as heroin. Some of these diseases can be cured.
Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale a hundred-point scale used as axis V of DSM-IV to assess a client's recent and current levels of social, psychological, and occupational functioning. gray scale a representation of intensities in shades of gray, as in gray-scale ultrasonography.
Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy is a new approach to pain management that uses magnets to create pulsing, moving energy.PEMF therapy is Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved to fuse bones and has been cleared in certain devices to reduce swelling and joint pain.ulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy is a new approach to pain management that uses magnets to create pulsing, moving energy.