Life expectancy at birth, female (years) ( 1 ) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, ( 2 ) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, ( 3 ) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, ( 4 ) United Nations Statistical Division.
Change in climate patterns: The effects of land pollution are very hazardous and can lead to the loss of ecosystems. When land is polluted, it directly or indirectly affects the climate patterns. 3.
Substantial loss of native shoreline. vegetation, poor lawn management (application of excessive fertilizer and other. chemicals) and shoreline armoring, such as the construction of bulkheads, severely. impact our shorelines. These actions affect the upper intertidal zone through the direct.