Electrical Enclosure Comparisons of NEMA and UL Type Rating Standards. When it comes to electrical safety in the USA there are two main organizations who set safety standards: NEMA (the National Electrical Manufacturers Association) and UL (Underwriters Laboratories). NEMA is the association of electrical equipment and medical imaging manufacturers in the United States.
View of the Liver and Gallbladder. Bile empties from the gallbladder into the common bile duct. The common bile duct joins with the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater, which empties into the duodenum. Before joining the pancreatic duct, the common bile duct tapers to a diameter of â¤ 0.6 cm. The sphincter of Oddi, which surrounds both the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct, includes a sphincter for each duct. Bile does not normally flow retrograde into the pancreatic duct.
1 In cholecystitis, HIDA will appear in the bile ducts, but it will not enter the cystic duct or the gallbladder -- a finding that indicates obstruction. 2  If the HIDA enters the bile ducts but does not enter the small intestine, then an obstruction of the bile duct (usually due to stones or cancer) is suspected.