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Time-weighted return. Related Articles. Time-weighted returns is a measure of the compound rate of return of a portfolio over a stated period of time. It requires a set of sub-period returns to be calculated whenever there is an external cash flow, such as a deposit or withdrawal from the portfolio.
However, while in the standard approach we in some sense assume E[z] = z (the actual observed value), in the TD approach we use a model. For the particular case of reinforcement learning, which is the major application of TD methods, z is the total return and E[z] is given by the Bellman equation of the return.