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What is 'Sampling'. Sampling is a process used in statistical analysis in which a predetermined number of observations are taken from a larger population. The methodology used to sample from a larger population depends on the type of analysis being performed, but may include simple random sampling or systematic sampling.
This statistic is based the sampling distribution for our sample statistic. The critical test statistic is what we would expect if the null hypothesis was correct. To find the correct critical test statistic in a probability table we need to know the sample size and the level of error we are willing to accept. We use the sample size to determine the degrees of freedom (df).