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The following are some known causes of pulmonary hypertension: 1  The diet drug fen-phen.. Although the appetite suppressant fen-phen (dexfenfluramine and phentermine) has been taken off the market, former fen-phen users have a 23-fold increase risk of developing pulmonary hypertension, possibly years later.
Causes of pulmonary hypertension. The changes in the pulmonary arteries that lead to pulmonary hypertension can be caused by: problems with the smaller branches of the pulmonary arteries (PAH) conditions that affect the left side of the heart. lung diseases or a shortage of oxygen in the body (hypoxia)