Cognitive and cultural embeddedness: combining institutional economics and economic sociology
According to this, pederasty is sexual relations between two males, especially when one of them is a minor. Other definitions, like the one that JSBangs found, differ slightly. But otherwise, I think you answered the question yourself: pedophile refers to the attraction, while pederasty refers to the act itself.
Pederasty is defined by M-W as: Anal intercourse, especially with a boy as the passive partner Whereas pedophilia can refer to any kind of sexual attraction to children, including attraction which is never consummated, or which doesn't result in intercourse.