1831, plural of Modern Latin chelicera, from Greek khele claw, talon, cloven hoof, from PIE *ghel-wo-, from root *ghel-una- jaw, + keras horn (see kerato-). Earlier chelicer (1835), from French chÃ©licÃ¨re.
Testicular diseases can be classified as endocrine disorders or as a disorders of the reproductive system. The testicles are well-known to be very sensitive to impact and injury. Blue balls is a slang term for a temporary fluid congestion in the testicles and prostate region caused by prolonged sexual arousal. The most prominent diseases of testicles are: 1  testicular cancer and other neoplasms. 2  swelling of a testicle, caused by hydrocele testis.  inflammation of the testicles, called orchitis.
The causes of TMJ dysfunction fall into two categories: tight muscles and damaged joints. Anything that causes the jaw muscles to tighten up can cause TMJ dysfunction, including stress and dental disease. Damage to the TMJ can result from trauma or disease such as arthritis. Less common causes of joint problems include fusion of bones or calcification of ligaments (ankylosis), looseness of the jaw caused by stretched ligaments, and birth abnormalities. Treatment is based on cause.