1 DNA and proteins are key molecules of the cell nucleus. 2  One gene makes one protein. 3  A gene is made of DNA. 4  Bacteria and viruses have DNA too. 5  The DNA molecule is shaped like a twisted ladder. 6  A half DNA ladder is a template for copying the whole.  RNA is an intermediary between DNA and protein.
1 Another theory holds that depression may directly damage the brain, leading to dementia. âSimply put, chronic stress and/or depression may result in the release of cortisol,â Gorman says. Over time, this stress hormone can harm the brain, she says.  A third theory points to reduced brain volume.
They call for further research to investigate whether appropriate treatment of depression reduces dementia risk. They also note that understanding the links between psychological distress and dementia is important, since treatments for depression and anxiety are available and effective.