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A key advance was the invention of the first liquid-fuelled rocket in 1926 by the American Robert Goddard in Auburn, Massachusetts. Goddard is considered to be one of the fathers of the modern rocket era.
Yes, this dog was Laika - a simple street dog. The first man in space was a Russian named Yuri Gagarin.   Sputnik 1 was launched on October 4, 1957.  The Soviet Union (USSR, Russia) was the first country to launch a dog into orbit. The Sovjet Union was the first state to send a man-made satellite into space. It was launched on the 4th of October, 1957 and called Sputnik-1.