dualism-the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil. dynamism-any of the various theories or doctrines or philosophical systems that attempt to explain the phenomena of the universe in terms of some immanent force or energy.
But chondromalacia patellae affects just one side of the joint, the convex patellar side. (E) Excised patellas show localized softening and degeneration of the articular cartilage. (C) The main symptom of chondromalacia patellae is anterior knee pain.
Grade 1: Nearly normal / soft indentation and/or superficial fissures and cracks. Grade 2: Abnormal (lesions extending down to < 50% of cartilage depth) Grade 3: Severely abnormal (cartilage defects > 50% of cartilage depth) Grade 4: Severely abnormal (through to the subchondral bone)