1 Linear transformations are some combination of the âscaleâ, ârotateâ, âshearâ, and âflipâ tools in Photoshop.  The determinant of a linear transformation is the factor by which the transformation changes the area.
Most social scientists follow these basic steps when conducting research. Sociologists also integrate some different designs and methods to study society and social behavior. Most sociological research involves ethnography, or field work designed to depict the characteristics of a a population as fully as possible. Three popular social research designs (models) are:
Social research. Social research is a research conducted by social scientists following a systematic plan. Social research methodologies can be classified as quantitative or qualitative. 1  Quantitative designs approach social phenomena through quantifiable evidence, and often rely on statistical analysis of many cases (or across intentionally designed treatments in an experiment) to create valid and reliable general claims.