Dexmethylphenidate has a 4â6 hour duration of effect (a long-acting formulation, Focalin XR, which spans 12 hours is also available and has been shown to be as effective as DL (dextro-, levo-)-TMP (threo-methylphenidate) XR (extended release) (Concerta, Ritalin LA), with flexible dosing and good tolerability.
1 Degenerative disc disease in the neck (cervical spondylosis) can cause local neck pain or radiating pain from disc herniation, causing pinching of nerves (cervical radiculopathy). 2  Abnormal conditions involving the spinal cord, heart, lungs, and some abdominal organs also can cause neck and shoulder pain. This can also cause muscle spasms in the neck and shoulder areas. 2  Tendonitis: The tendons connect the muscles to the bones. 3  With strain, the tendons can become swollen and cause pain. 4  This is also referred to as tendinitis. 5  Gallbladder disease: This can cause a pain referred to the right shoulder.
Neck and shoulder pain can be classified in many different ways. Some people experience only neck pain or only shoulder pain, while others experience pain in both areas. What Causes Neck Pain? Causes of neck pain include: Abnormalities in the bone or joints; Trauma; Poor posture; Degenerative diseases; Tumors; Muscle strain; What Causes Shoulder Pain? The shoulder is a ball and socket joint with a large range of movement. Such a mobile joint tends to be more susceptible to injury. Shoulder pain can stem from one or more of the following causes: Strains from overexertion; Tendonitis from overuse; Shoulder joint instability; Dislocation