In North America, this level is generally referred to as graduate school (or sometimes colloquially as grad school). The organization and structure of postgraduate education varies in different countries, as well as in different institutions within countries. This article outlines the basic types of courses and of teaching and examination methods, with some explanation of their history.
alignment - the spatial property possessed by an arrangement or position of things in a straight line or in parallel lines. placement, arrangement - the spatial property of the way in which something is placed; the arrangement of the furniture; the placement of the chairs.
In Oracle 10g, Oracle Spatial itself does not automatically enforce geometry validation on the insert or update of an SDO_GEOMETRY value if you insert or update geometries using methods other than ArcGIS clients, such as SQL. In Oracle 11g, Oracle Spatial validates geometries on index inserts.