A potential for pain, or an unrecognizable event, causes fear. The amygdalae, organs in the limbic system, detect such possibilities and send the signals which generate the fear emotion, which sets off avoidance activities. Unlike the rational brain, emotions trigger a variety of instinctual attitudes and behaviors.
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When she died in 1952, she was developing Montessori methods for adolescents (Montessori [1948] 1976). Montessori classrooms ideally contain age groupings spanning three years: infant to three years old, three to six, six to nine, and nine to twelve.