At the time the Eighth Amendment was adopted, the Court noted, ``the word `fine' was understood to mean a payment to a sovereign as punishment for some offense.''\33\ The Eighth Amendment itself, as were antecedents of the Clause in the Virginia Declaration of Rights and in the English Bill of Rights of 1689, ``clearly was adopted with the particular intent of placing limits on the powers of the new government.''\34\ Therefore, while leaving open the issues of whether the Clause ...
A reserve of money set aside, especially for a specific purpose. Generally speaking, a nest egg refers to savings for a major expense, such as retirement. However, it may also refer to smaller expenses that nonetheless require savings. Examples of the latter include nest eggs for vacations or down payments for a house.
The common cuckoo does not make a nest of its own, and they do not bring up their own young. Instead, the female lays her eggs in the nests of other birds. Each female cuckoo specialises in just one host species, and lays camouflaged eggs in that bird's nest.For example, a cuckoo which lays its eggs in reed warbler nests will lay eggs that look like those of a reed warbler.The female cuckoo spends a lot of time watching the birds at the nest where she wants to lay an egg.or example, a cuckoo which lays its eggs in reed warbler nests will lay eggs that look like those of a reed warbler. The female cuckoo spends a lot of time watching the birds at the nest where she wants to lay an egg.