There are two types of indicators of environmental impact: means-based, which is based on the farmer's production methods, and effect-based, which is the impact that farming methods have on the farming system or on emissions to the environment.
Cultural criticism, or cultural studies, is related to New Historicism but with a particular and cross-disciplinary emphasis on taking seriously those works traditionally marginalized by the aesthetic ideology of white European males.
Black (African-American) Literary Criticism. Black or African-American criticism is marked by the following considerations: A sense that black writing comes out of a sociological, political, ideological and cultural situation marked by oppression and marginalization. 'Black' reading then must negotiate the difficult boundaries between textual and cultural meanings, between 'aesthetic' and ideological impacts.