Sensory deprivation or perceptual isolation is the deliberate reduction or removal of stimuli from one or more of the senses. Simple devices such as blindfolds or hoods and earmuffs can cut off sight and hearing, while more complex devices can also cut off the sense of smell, touch, taste, thermoception (heat-sense), and 'gravity'.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452~1519), the great Italian artist, architect, and man of science, made the first scientific experiments In the field of aviation. He devoted many years of his life to understanding the mysteries of flight, and he left the world 160 pages of descriptions and sketches of flying machines.
Things Took Off with Planes. Then, humans began to look at planes to make their dreams of flight come true. George Cayley is often considered to be the father of the airplane, and his work is considered the start of modern aeronautics. He is particular famous for following the scientific method in his observations and experiments in flight, and he defined the four forces that affect a flying vehicle: wait, lift, thrust, and drag.