from the engine to the tires. With CVT, diameters of the areas where the two pulleys meet the belt can be infinitely varied (Figure 1). Each pulley consists of two conical plates facing each other, which by moving closer or further apart, changes the diameter of the area meeting the belt (Figure 2).
What is Ureteropelvic Junction Stenosis (UPJ Stenosis)? It is one of the most common benign diseases causing renal pelvis dilatation. It mosttly occurs in children and is mainly congenital (from birth). Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) is the point where the ureter meets the renal pelvis. Renal pelvis is like a 'sink' collecting urine produced by the kidney, while UPJ is the 'sink-trap' (siphon) through which the urine has to pass so that it will end to the bladder through the ureter.
UPJ obstruction. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is a blockage at the point where part of the kidney attaches to one of the tubes to the bladder (ureters). This blocks the flow of urine out of the kidney. UPJ obstruction mostly occurs in children. It often happens when a baby is still growing in the womb. This is called a congenital condition (present from birth). The blockage is caused when there is a narrowing of area between the ureter and the part of the kidney called the renal pelvis.