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Osteoarthritis is a joint disease that mostly affects cartilage. Cartilage is the slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones in a joint. Healthy cartilage allows bones to glide over each other. It also helps absorb shock of movement.
The most prominent examples are the ears and nose. It is also a connective tissue in some joints. It prevents bones from grinding on each other, which can lead to arthritis. The function of cartilage is to act like bone but it is a little bit more flexible It acts as a cushion. For instance, you have discs of cartilage between each vertebra in your back. That keeps the bone from scraping together each time you bend over or move your back in any way.