These proteins are also part of the immune system (immunoglobulins), help blood to clot (clotting factors), maintain pH balance, and are enzymes involved in chemical reactions throughout the body. Electrolytes are another large category of substances dissolved in plasma. They include:
An ideal op amp has infinite gain (), infinite input resistance ( ), and zero output resistance (). You should use these two assumptions to analyze the op amp circuits covered in the assignments below.
Although the ideal op amp does not exist in reality, a real (practical) op amp comes reasonably close to achieving the ideal. An ideal amplifier should, in addition to other desirable parameters, have at least an infinitely high input impedance, an output impedance of zero ohms, an infinitely high gain and an infinitely wide bandwidth.