People who are infected with HIV do not get sick immediately. It can take the body months to attempt to fight off the virus and for a patient to test HIV-positive. So, paradoxically, the period when an HIV-positive person is most infectious coincides with the period he or she is least likely to know their status.
The ATP synthase of mitochondria and chloroplasts is an anabolic enzyme that harnesses the energy of a transmembrane proton gradient as an energy source for adding an inorganic phosphate group to a molecule of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to form a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Then, the H+ ions diffuse back across the membrane through an enzyme complex called ATP synthase. As the H+ ions move through ATP synthase, around 28 ATP are created. This entire process that occurs in the electron transport chain is known as oxidative phosphorylation. For the entire process of cellular respiration, about 32 ATP are created.