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Cash dividends are profits paid to shareholders. Dividends on common stock are optional, but they are required for preferred stock. If a company issues additional dividend-paying common stock, it must either cut the dividend per share or increase the draw from retained earnings.Companies generally canât cut preferred stock dividends, so issuing new preferred stock will cause retained earnings to fall.Even though retained earnings decrease because of additional dividends, stockholdersâ equity might increase because the company raises cash when it issues new shares.t includes accounts for equity -- common and preferred stock -- and retained earnings, the accumulated profits of the corporation. The accounting equation requires that stockholders' equity be equal to assets minus liabilities.
Common stock is a form of corporate equity ownership, a type of security. The terms voting share or ordinary share are also used frequently in other parts of the world; common stock being primarily used in the United States. It is called common to distinguish it from preferred stock. If both types of stock exist, common stockholders usually cannot be paid dividends until all preferred stock dividends are paid in full; it is possible to have common stock that has dividends that are paid alongside the preferred stock.