from the engine to the tires. With CVT, diameters of the areas where the two pulleys meet the belt can be infinitely varied (Figure 1). Each pulley consists of two conical plates facing each other, which by moving closer or further apart, changes the diameter of the area meeting the belt (Figure 2).
What is Ureteropelvic Junction Stenosis (UPJ Stenosis)? It is one of the most common benign diseases causing renal pelvis dilatation. It mosttly occurs in children and is mainly congenital (from birth). Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) is the point where the ureter meets the renal pelvis. Renal pelvis is like a 'sink' collecting urine produced by the kidney, while UPJ is the 'sink-trap' (siphon) through which the urine has to pass so that it will end to the bladder through the ureter.
Classification: There are three physiologic narrowing of the ureter where stones may obstruct. The first narrowing of the ureter is the location where the renal pelvis of the kidney meets the ureter or the uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ).The next level of narrowing is where the ureter crosses the iliac vessels.he third ureteral narrowing exist where the intramural portion of the ureter meets the bladder known as the ureteral vesico-junction, or UVJ, which measures approximately 1 - 5 mm. in size.