AST and ALT are considered to be two of the most important tests to detect liver injury, although ALT is more specific to the liver than is AST. Sometimes AST is compared directly to ALT and an AST/ALT ratio is calculated.
Borrelia Burgdorferi. Lyme disease is caused by a number of different strains and species of Borrelia bacteria, generally Borrelia burgdorferi in the United States and Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii in Europe. The Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria are named after scientist Willy Burgdorfer, who first identified the strain in the early 1980s.
The Lyme disease spirochete has flagella but doesn't use them to penetrate the gut of the feeding tick. The Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi possesses flagella, which are the thin motility structures owned by many members of the bacteria world. Flagella propel bacteria towards their destination by spinning (read this post to see how flagella function in Borrelia). It has been assumed B. burgdorferi spin their flagella whenever they need to move from one location to another.