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Sternocleidomastoid muscle. In human anatomy, the sternocleidomastoid muscle (/ËstÉËrnoÊËklaÉªdÉËmÃ¦sËtÉÉªd, -nÉ-, -doÊ-/), also known as sternomastoid and commonly abbreviated as SCM, is a paired muscle in the superficial layers of the side of the neck. It is one of the largest and most superficial cervical muscles.
1 Calcium ions are then released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm and subsequently bind to troponin. 2  Troponin and the associated tropomyosin undergo a conformational change after calcium binding and expose the myosin binding sites on actin, the thin filament.ypes of muscle are striated muscle (such as skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle), obliquely striated muscle (found in some invertebrates), and smooth muscle. Various arrangements of myofilaments create different muscles. Striated muscle has transverse bands of filaments.