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Gluconeogenesis is a pivotal biochemical pathway in which glucose is synthesised from nonâcarbohydrate precursors, that is, lactate, alanine, glutamine and glycerol, during prolonged starvation.
Stage 2 of the stress response is dominated by the stress hormone cortisol. Cortisol helps break down fat and protein for conversion into glucose. This is called gluconeogenesis and is designed to help fuel the bodyâs metabolic activities with the provision of glucose, which is also essential for brain function.