All 3 patients had two additional atherosclerotic or nonatherosclerotic risk factors for stroke, suggesting that vertebral artery hypoplasia combined with other conventional risk factors may provide an optimal background for brainstem ischemia.
Category B anti-headache medications include Tylenol (acetaminophen); Reglan (metoclopramide), which is used for nausea but also may relieve a mild headache; and over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as Advil and Motrin (ibuprofen) or Aleve (naproxen) only during the first and second trimesters.
Acute cystitis and pyelonephritis should be aggressively treated during pregnancy. Oral nitrofurantoin and cephalexin are good antibiotic choices for treatment in pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria and acute cystitis, but parenteral antibiotic therapy may be required in women with pyelonephritis.