from the engine to the tires. With CVT, diameters of the areas where the two pulleys meet the belt can be infinitely varied (Figure 1). Each pulley consists of two conical plates facing each other, which by moving closer or further apart, changes the diameter of the area meeting the belt (Figure 2).
What is Ureteropelvic Junction Stenosis (UPJ Stenosis)? It is one of the most common benign diseases causing renal pelvis dilatation. It mosttly occurs in children and is mainly congenital (from birth). Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) is the point where the ureter meets the renal pelvis. Renal pelvis is like a 'sink' collecting urine produced by the kidney, while UPJ is the 'sink-trap' (siphon) through which the urine has to pass so that it will end to the bladder through the ureter.
What is Ureteropelvic Junction (UPJ) Obstruction? One of the main jobs of the kidney is to filter the blood, and deliver the waste products (urine) to the bladder. The urine leaves the kidney, enters the renal pelvis, and then passes into the ureter through a funnel called the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ). In some children there is a partial blockage at the UPJ. The blockage may be severe (high grade), minimal (low grade) or intermittent.