PHOTOSYNTHESIS. INTRODUCTION. Photosynthesis, process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide and water into the simple sugar glucose. In so doing, photosynthesis provides the basic energy source for virtually all organisms.hotosynthesis, process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide and water into the simple sugar glucose.
Glycolysis. Glycolysis, part of cellular respiration, is a series of reactions that constitute the first phase of most carbohydrate catabolism, catabolism meaning the breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones.The word glycolysis is derived from two Greek words and means the breakdown of something sweet.he pyruvate end product of glycolysis can be used in either anaerobic respiration if no oxygen is available or in aerobic respiration via the TCA cycle which yields much more usable energy for the cell.
For these organisms, glycolysis is the first and last step of the cellular respiration process. Glycolysis proceeds normally, as in aerobic conditions, producing a net gain of 2 ATP. The two pyruvate molecules, however, are reduced and the NAD necessary for the initiation of glycolysis is recycled. In this way, the cells do not deplete their store of NAD, although they are only able to produce 2 ATP. As a by-product of fermentation, either ethanol or lactic acid is produced. Cellular respiration is an almost universal process by which organisms utilize the sugars in their food to produce enough energy to perform all the necessary actions of living creatures. Source(s): .