The most powerful risk factor predisposing to atherosclerotic peripheral arterial occlusive disease is cigarette smoking (47); in fact, the rarity of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in patients who have never smoked was noted by Eastcott as early as 1962 (23). The epidemiologic evidence linking cigarette smoking to atherosclerotic peripheral arterial occlusive disease is discussed in detail below.
It takes 4 years of undergraduate education, 4 years of medical school, and 3 years of pediatric residency to become a general pediatrician, totaling at least 11 years.Further, most fellowship subspecialties last 3 years, increasing the time spent in training to about 14 years overall.t takes 4 years of undergraduate education, 4 years of medical school, and 3 years of pediatric residency to become a general pediatrician, totaling at least 11 years.
In order to become a pediatrician you have to graduate from college, then graduate from medical school, and then complete a pediatrics residency program. College takes 4 years â¦ , medical school takes 4 years, and a pediatrics residency usually takes 3-4 years.So you can become a pediatrician about 11-12 years after you graduate high school if you go straight through.n general, there is 4 years of college, followed by 4 years of medical school, followed by 3 to 5 years of residency. There are a few programs that combine college and medi â¦ cal school to 6 or 7 years (depending on the program) instead of the 8 years.