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As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks (occults) the Sun. This can happen only at new moon when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.
Because the area on Earth that's inside the tip of the moon's shadow is. usually only a couple of hundred miles wide at most, and it's moving along. the Earth's surface at thousands of miles an hour, and only the people who. happen to be inside that little area see the total solar eclipse. Over a substantial period of time, the numbers of solar and lunar eclipses are equal. For example, during the 100 years of the 20th Century, there were 128 solar eclipses, and 129 lunar ones. The difference is that during a lunar eclipse, everybody on the night side of Earth can see it, but during a solar one, you have to be in just the right place on the day side. Another way to look at it: A lunar eclipse happens on the Moon, and anybody who can see the Moon can see the eclipse. But a solar eclipse happens on the Earth, and in order to see it, you have to be where the eclipse is.