Co-ordinate (dative covalent) bonding. A covalent bond is formed by two atoms sharing a pair of electrons. The atoms are held together because the electron pair is attracted by both of the nuclei. In the formation of a simple covalent bond, each atom supplies one electron to the bond - but that doesn't have to be the case. A co-ordinate bond (also called a dative covalent bond) is a covalent bond (a shared pair of electrons) in which both electrons come from the same atom.
Flavoring. Chicory root extract has been used to flavor both alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, whereas the shoots and leaves of the plant are used as a vegetable and salad green.lavoring. Chicory root extract has been used to flavor both alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, whereas the shoots and leaves of the plant are used as a vegetable and salad green.
Bromelain extract is a mixture of protein-digesting (proteolytic) enzymes or proteases, and several other substances in smaller quantities. The proteolytic enzymes are sulfhydryl proteases; a free sulfhydryl group of a cysteine amino acid side chain is required for function.romelain is a protein extract derived from the stems of pineapples, although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit. The extract has a history of folk medicine use. As a culinary ingredient, it may be used as a meat tenderizer.