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How is chain reaction controlled in a nuclear power plant? Chain reaction is controlled through using neutron absorbing materials as reactor control rods (of high neutron absorbing material), boron, and/or cadmium.
Control Rods. The nuclear chain reaction may be controlled using a device called a control rod. Control rods are made of materials which absorb neutrons. Thus, when a control rod is inserted into a nuclear reactor it reduces the number of free neutrons available to cause the uranium atoms to fission.