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Ocean trenches have relatively steep sides falling to the ocean floor. Ocean trenches are typically caused when an oceanic crustal plate slides under a lighter continental plate or another oceanic plate. It is believed to work by density.Where one plate slides under another, this is called subduction.t least five trenches are over 6 miles (10 km) deep. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level.
This accreted material can not only fill trenches, but rise above sea level to create islands that âhideâ the ocean trenches beneath. The Caribbean island of Barbados, for example, sits atop the ocean trench created as the South American plate subducts beneath the Caribbean plate. Life in the Trenches Ocean trenches are some of the most hostile habitats on Earth.