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Croup is also known as laryngotracheitis, a medical term that describes the inflammation of the trachea (windpipe) and larynx. Parainfluenza viruses are the typical root cause of the infection, but influenza (flu) and cold viruses may sometimes be responsible.
Croup is a condition that causes swelling and irritation of the upper airways â the voice box (larynx) and windpipe (trachea). Itâs caused by the same viruses that cause the common cold. Kids with croup have a âbarkyâ cough or hoarseness, especially when crying. Croup is most common in kids 6 months to 3 years old, but some older children also get croup. Most cases happen in the fall and early winter.