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The system exerts its influence via release or inhibition of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) which acts on the kidney to decrease water excretion. Deficiency of ADH is usually due to hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal lesions (central diabetes insipidus) or insensitivity of the kidney to ADH (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus). These patients, if untreated, have the predictable result of dehydration, hyperosmolality, hypovolemia, and eventual death in severe cases.
is a condition that is caused by excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, leading to abnormal retention of water.SIADH may develop secondary to tumors, infectious diseases, pathologic reactions to drugs, or trauma, such as head injury. It is a benign vascular tumor that causes hypersecretion of the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine. common disorder of the medulla in the adrenal glandss. î î î. Signs of this disorder include severe headache, palpitations, sweating, nervousness, nausea, vomiting, and persistent or intermittent hypertension.