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The first street to be surveyed in Cairns was The Esplanade (in October 1876). It was initially named Troughton Esplanade after the Captain Fred Troughton, Travelling Superintendent of the Australian Steam Navigation Company.
Cairns History. Captain James Cook sailed up the North Queensland coast on his first Voyage of Discovery in June 1770, aboard his ship the HM Bark Endeavour. Captain Cook was the first known European to visit the site where todays City of Cairns is located.