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Ocean trenches have relatively steep sides falling to the ocean floor. Ocean trenches are typically caused when an oceanic crustal plate slides under a lighter continental plate or another oceanic plate. It is believed to work by density.Where one plate slides under another, this is called subduction.t least five trenches are over 6 miles (10 km) deep. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level.
Ocean trenches are the deepest parts of the ocean, with the Mariana Trench near Guam having the deepest spot on Earth (the Challenger Deep). Most ocean trenches are in the Pacific. The loss of the earth's crust at ocean trenches is made up for by seafloor spreading elsewhere, which is when tectonic plates are pulling apart.