Spironolactone has been shown to be a tumorigen in chronic toxicity studies in rats (see PRECAUTIONS). Spironolactone should be used only in those conditions described under INDICATIONS AND USAGE. Unnecessary use of this drug should be avoided.
The density of a population can be regulated by various factors, including biotic and abiotic factors and population size. Density-dependent regulation can be affected by factors that affect birth and death rates such as competition and predation.
Population regulation: any density-dependent process that causes a population to move toward the present value of K. Density-dependent factors (intra- and interspecific competition, predation, disease, parasitism) that cause a population to move toward the present value of K are sometimes termed regulating factors.