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Observer Expectancy Effect. The observer expectancy effect, also called the experimenter expectancy effect, is a phenomenon that can occur when a researcherâs beliefs or expectations cause him or her to unconsciously influence the participants of an experiment. In order to conserve the internal validity of an experiment, researchers can use a double-blind experimental design.
Any dependent variable will be affected by the independent variable and will serve as the outcome of the measured. In an experiment, the experimenter is looking for the possible effect on the dependent variable that might be caused by changing the independent variable.