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Ocean trenches have relatively steep sides falling to the ocean floor. Ocean trenches are typically caused when an oceanic crustal plate slides under a lighter continental plate or another oceanic plate. It is believed to work by density.Where one plate slides under another, this is called subduction.t least five trenches are over 6 miles (10 km) deep. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level.
As the plates continue to press against one another, the ocean plate gradually sinks beneath the continental crust and re-enters the mantle. According to Live Science, the deepest known ocean trench is the Mariana Trench, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is approximately 1,500 miles long. The deepest portion of the Mariana Trench is the Challenger Deep, a narrow portion at the southern end, which is roughly 36,000 feet deep. The water temperature in this area is slightly above freezing.The world's ocean trenches remain largely unexplored due to the immense pressures at such depths.