As an example, if it were determined the daily dry matter intake of a group of 1,200 pound cow eating an average quality hay is 24 pounds per head and the hay that they are consuming is 88% dry matter, these cows would consume about 27 (24 pounds/.88) pounds per head per day on an as-fed basis.
Normal ranges of motion for the cervical spine include 50 degrees of flexion, 60 degrees of extension, 45 degrees of lateral, or side bending, and 80 degrees of rotation.ange of motion is commonly tested in the cervical spine, thoracic spine and lumbar spine. In many sports medicine clinics, range of motion in the upper and lower extremities are also tested. The measured degrees are compared with the expected norm and also from a healthy joint with an injured joint.
Bending forward or rounding your lower back is called flexion. Flexion in the lumbar spine is primarily limited by compression of the intervertebral disks and tension in the ligaments that run along the back of the spine. The normal range of movement of lumbar flexion is 40 to 50 degrees.ide Bending. Side bending is called lateral flexion. The orientation of the facet joints in the lower back permits fairly free side bending. The normal range of motion in the lumbar spine is about 20 degrees to each side.