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Nephrite can be found in a creamy white form (known in China as mutton fat jade) as well as in a variety of green colours, whereas jadeite shows more colour variations, including blue, lavender-mauve, pink, and emerald-green colours. Of the two, jadeite is rarer, documented in fewer than 12 places worldwide.
Jadeite is one of the two minerals called jade. The other jade mineral is nephrite, which is a variety of actinolite. Jade has been used for eons in China and Central America as an ornamental and religious stone of deep significance. The nephrite jade was used mostly in China, although both have been used in both regions. Nephrite is more abundant than jadeite and has few color varieties, ranging only from creamy white to green. Jadeite is found in strongly metamorphosed sodium-rich serpentinous rocks, and is named from the Spanish piedra de ijada (stone of the side) as it was thought to cure kidney stones and other kidney ailments.