Shoulder dystocia is a specific case of obstructed labour whereby after the delivery of the head, the anterior shoulder of the infant cannot pass below, or requires significant manipulation to pass below, the pubic symphysis.he major concern of shoulder dystocia is damage to the upper brachial plexus nerves. These supply the sensory and motor components of the shoulder, arm and hands. The aetiology of injury to the fetus is debated, but a probable mechanism is manual stretching of the nerves, which in itself can cause injury.
Women need 25 grams of fiber per day, and men need 38 grams per day, according to the Institute of Medicine. Eating more plant foods -- vegetables, beans, fruit, whole grains, and nuts -- is the best way and is one of the major recommendations from the U.S. government's 2010 Dietary Guidelines.
Some people also refer to fiber as roughage or bulk. There are two types of fiber: soluble fiber and insoluble fiber. Each of these types of fiber have its own benefits, making them both quite important. The amount of fiber that a person should consume each day varies based upon his or her age and gender. Fiber Needs for Men Men who are 50 years old or younger should consume 38 grams of fiber per day, according to MayoClinic.com. Men who are 51 years old or older need 30 grams of fiber per day. However, people who are on a reduced calorie diet may need less fiber. According to SuperKidsNutrition.com, you should aim for 10 to 13 grams of fiber per 1,000 calories you consume. Therefore, if you are consuming 2,000 calories per day, you should aim to eat 20 to 26 grams of fiber. Fiber Needs for Women Women who are 50 years old or younger should include 25 grams of fiber per day in their diets, according to MayoClinic.com. Women who are 51 years old or older should eat 21 grams per day of fiber. As with men, women who are on reduced calorie diets may need less fiber and should aim for 10 to 13 grams of fiber for every 1,000 calories they eat.