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Medical Definition of ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE. : an enzyme which promotes transfer of an amino group from glutamic acid to pyruvic acid and which when present in abnormally high levels in the blood is a diagnostic indication of liver diseaseâabbreviation ALT; called also glutamic pyruvic transaminase.weet. : an enzyme which promotes transfer of an amino group from glutamic acid to pyruvic acid and which when present in abnormally high levels in the blood is a diagnostic indication of liver diseaseâabbreviation ALT; called also glutamic pyruvic transaminase.
Transamination. The transfer of an amino group from one molecule to another without the intermediate formation of ammonia.Enzymatic reactions of this type play a prominent role in the formation and ultimate breakdown of amino acids by living organisms.he enzymatic transamination reaction, which was discovered in 1937 by the Soviet biochemists A. E. Braunshtein and M. G. Kritsman, is an important link in the process of synthesis and deamination of many amino acids in animals, plants, and microorganisms.