Estimates of the coexistence of epilepsy and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures vary from 5 percent to more than 60 percent, depending on the study setting and diagnostic criteria.3 Recent studies17, 22 using strict criteria for a diagnosis of epilepsy found that only 5 to 10 percent of patients with non-epileptic seizures have concurrent epileptic seizures.
the contraction, or period of contraction, of the heart, especially of the ventricles, during which blood is forced into the aorta and pulmonary artery. atrial systole. contraction of the atria by which blood is forced into the ventricles; it precedes the true or ventricular systole. extra systole. see extrasystole.
Active filling from atrial systole contributes about 20% of the blood volume to the ventricles during diastole (in contrast with the 80% from rapid, passive filling in mid diastole). Normally, active filling is silent, but when blood impacts a stiff, non-compliant ventricle, the result is a fourth heart sound (S4) .