A tax expenditure program is government spending through the tax code. Tax expenditures alter the horizontal and vertical equity of the basic tax system by allowing exemptions, deductions, or credits to select groups or specific activities.
Aspiration may occur under several circumstances. 1  Before the swallowing reflex is triggered, when the airway has not elevated or closed. 2  During the swallowing if the laryngeal valves are not functioning adequately. 3  After the swallow when the larynx lowers and opens for inhalation.
Aspiration Pneumonia in Cats. Aspiration pneumonia is an inflammatory lung disorder that occurs when your cat inhales a foreign substance. This most commonly occurs with disorders that cause regurgitation or vomiting. Neuromuscular disorders that cause difficulty swallowing or paralysis of the esophagus can also lead to aspiration pneumonia. This condition is uncommon in cats.