The pronunciation of some letters is dissimilar in European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese, because the Portuguese is a pluricentric language.
Laxatives (purgatives, aperients) are foods, compounds, or drugs taken to induce bowel movements or to loosen the stool most often taken to treat costipation . Certain stimulant, lubricant, and saline laxatives are used to evacuate the colon for rectal and/or bowel examinations, and may be supplemented by enemas under certain circumstances. Sufficiently high doses of laxatives cause diarrhoea. Laxatives work to increase the movement of fecal matter along the colon.
Lactulose laxatives are a sugar-like agent that work similarly to the saline laxatives but at a much slower rate and are sometimes used to treat chronic constipation. Often they will have an effect in 6 hours, but can take up to 2 days. Lactulose comes in a liquid form taken orally and several manufacturers make it. Polymer laxatives consist of large molecules that cause the stool to hold and retain water.