The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest was the most significant conflict between Church and state in medieval Europe. In the 11th and 12th centuries, a series of popes challenged the authority of European monarchies.
The first ghetto was established in Lodz, Poland, on February 8, 1940. Approximately 155,000 Jews, almost one-third of the cityâs total population, were forced to live in the Lodz ghetto.As Lodz was a center of textile production, this ghetto was of considerable economic importance to the German war machine.he first ghetto was established in Lodz, Poland, on February 8, 1940. Approximately 155,000 Jews, almost one-third of the cityâs total population, were forced to live in the Lodz ghetto. As Lodz was a center of textile production, this ghetto was of considerable economic importance to the German war machine.
Songs of the Lodz Ghetto The Lodz Ghetto. The Lodz ghetto was established in the summer of 1940. The ghettoâs population fluctuated between 230,000 and 250,000 people. In addition, 5,000 Gypsies (Roma) from Austria were deported to the Lodz ghetto in November 1941. The Lodz ghetto was the last ghetto in Poland to be liquidated, which began in the summer of 1944. The Russian army liberated the ghetto in January 1945. When the Soviets liberated the area they found 877 Jews that had been left behind by the Nazis to carry out clean-up operations. . The Lodz ghetto became a large labor camp with workshops and factories.