When a car is moving it has kinetic energy. When a car is sitting on top of a hill it has potential energy. By hitting the brakes, that kinetic energy is absorbed by the brake pads via friction and converted into heat energy. The friction of the tires is also what provides for turning.
Glaciers change the surface of the land in several ways. By pushing rocks and gravel along with its encroachment a glacier leaves that material behind when it retreats. Most glaciers have water melting out of them when it gets above freezing. That water erodes the landscape forming streams and rivers.
How the Moon Affects the Earth. The moon and Earth have a very strong magnetic pull on each other. As water is not stationary and able to move about freely, the Earth does not have full control over it. This enables the magnetic pull of the moon to influence large bodies of water on Earth.