This means that once the transfer agents at the bank medallion stamp the bond, it is highly liquid on the second market. Thus, a bond is a form of loan or IOU: the holder of the bond is the lender (creditor), the issuer of the bond is the borrower (debtor), and the coupon is the interest. Bonds provide the borrower with external funds to finance long-term investments, or, in the case of government bonds, to finance current expenditure.
Chamberlainâs monopolistic competition is the blending of competition and monopoly. The most distinguishing feature of monopolistic competition is that the products of various firms are not identical but different although they are close substitutes for each other.
A monopoly is a form of market structure in which there is only one firm which produces a certain good or service that has no close substitudes and in which the firm is protec â¦ ted from competition by a barier that prevents the entry of new firms.Barriers to entry: legal or natural constraints that protect a firm from potential competitors Legal monopoly: a market in which competition and entry are restricted by the granting of a publich franchise (exclusive right granted to a firm to ...