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Lung cancer occurs when the cells within the lung tissue are altered at a genetic level to mutate and multiply at an aggressive rate. The results of many studies on the effects of tobacco have shown that cigarette smoke carries numerous chemicals, called âmutagensâ, that cause lung tissue cells to mutate. Substances such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen peroxide and benzopyrene contained in cigarette smoke affect how cells change and grow.
There is some evidence that smoking could cause breast cancer [11-15]. After lung cancer, the upper aerodigestive tract cancers (mouth, upper throat, voice box and gullet) have the highest proportions of cancer cases caused by smoking â population attributable fractions, or PAFs, of more than 6 in 10 [4].obacco is the single biggest cause of cancer. Experts agree that tobacco is the single biggest avoidable cause of cancer in the world [1, 2]. Smoking causes over a quarter (28 per cent) of cancer deaths in the UK and nearly one in five cancer cases [3, 4].