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Bacillus anthracis is the pathogen that causes anthrax Originally known as an important animal pathogen, it was the first bacterium to be used for the preparation of a vaccine based on attenuated bacteria by Louis Pasteur in 1881.
Bacillus anthracis, which causes the disease known as anthrax, is a Gram-positive sporulating bacteria that gets its name from the distinct coal-like, black tissue that is shed from a skin infection (anthrakis is Greek for coal).