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Lung cancer occurs when the cells within the lung tissue are altered at a genetic level to mutate and multiply at an aggressive rate. The results of many studies on the effects of tobacco have shown that cigarette smoke carries numerous chemicals, called âmutagensâ, that cause lung tissue cells to mutate. Substances such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen peroxide and benzopyrene contained in cigarette smoke affect how cells change and grow.
Cigarette smoking is the principal risk factor for development of lung cancer. Passive exposure to tobacco smoke (passive smoking) also can cause lung cancer. The two types of lung cancer, which grow and spread differently, are small cell lung cancers (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC).