Constipation can last from days to months, with interludes of diarrhea or normal bowel function. Stools are often hard and may be described as pellet shaped in at least 25% of bowel movements, or Bristol Stool Form Scale 1-2 (separate hard lumps like nuts that are difficult to pass, or sausage shaped but lumpy).
The external abdominal oblique muscle is the largest and most superficial of the 3 paired, flat abdominal muscles. It arises from the lower 8 ribs and interdigitations of the serratus anterior muscle.
The transverse abdominal muscle (m. transversus abdominis) forms the deepest layer of muscles of the lateral abdominal wall. The muscle is part of the abdominal muscles, flattens the abdominal wall and brings the lower parts of the chest wall.At the top of the muscle starts from the inner surface of the cartilages of six lower ribs, and below-from the iliac crest, inguinal ligament and thoracolumbar fascia.he muscle is broad and flat, part of the abdomen. Start point is on the outer surface of the lower eight ribs. Pencils are sent to the oblique muscles down and in front (to the anterior abdominal wall), turn into aponeurosis.