Whether a given star is circumpolar at the observer's latitude (Î¸) may be calculated in terms of the star's declination (Î´). The star is circumpolar if Î¸+Î´ is greater than +90Â° (observer in northern hemisphere), or Î¸+Î´ is less than â90Â° (observer in southern hemisphere).
Countervailing duties. Countervailing duties (CVDs), also known as anti-subsidy duties, are trade import duties imposed under World Trade Organization (WTO) rules to neutralize the negative effects of subsidies. They are imposed after an investigation finds that a foreign country subsidizes its exports, injuring domestic producers in the importing country.
In tort law, a duty of care is a legal obligation which is imposed on an individual requiring adherence to a standard of reasonable care while performing any acts that could foreseeably harm others.t is the first element that must be established to proceed with an action in negligence. The claimant must be able to show a duty of care imposed by law which the defendant has breached.