The normal range for an adult urinary output is between 400 to 2,000 mL of urine daily -- with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day. Values for normal urinary output may vary slightly between laboratories. A urine output of 500 mL per day is generally considered adequate for normal function.
The p-value is a number between 0 and 1 and interpreted in the following way: A small p-value (typically â¤ 0.05) indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, so you reject the null hypothesis. A large p.
P-values are Random Variables How should we teach them? We should emphasize that p-values are random variables Start by saying the p-value is simply a transformation of the test statistic. If the audience has enough mathematical sophistication, give a formula: p = 1 F(tobs) where F() is the CDF of T under H0.