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Bacillus anthracis is the pathogen that causes anthrax Originally known as an important animal pathogen, it was the first bacterium to be used for the preparation of a vaccine based on attenuated bacteria by Louis Pasteur in 1881.
Bacillus anthracis is the etiologic agent of anthrax âa common disease of livestock and, occasionally, of humansâand the only obligate pathogen within the genus Bacillus.B. anthracis is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, with a width of 1.0â1.2 Âµm and a length of 3â5 Âµm.It can be grown in an ordinary nutrient medium under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.B. anthracis belongs to the B. cereus group of strains.acillus anthracis is the etiologic agent of anthrax âa common disease of livestock and, occasionally, of humansâand the only obligate pathogen within the genus Bacillus.