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Lung cancer occurs when the cells within the lung tissue are altered at a genetic level to mutate and multiply at an aggressive rate. The results of many studies on the effects of tobacco have shown that cigarette smoke carries numerous chemicals, called âmutagensâ, that cause lung tissue cells to mutate. Substances such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen peroxide and benzopyrene contained in cigarette smoke affect how cells change and grow.
Does smoking cause cancer? Tobacco smoke contains over 60 chemicals known to cause cancer. Certain chemicals in tobacco smoke damage an important gene called p53. The p53 gene is found in the nucleus of every cell in the human body and its main role is to prevent cancer cells evolving. Cigarette smoke is the main cause of p53 mutations in lung cancer.