Early Indus Valley Civilization ... their Geograhpy, their customs and Indo-Aryan civilization with the earliest caste system.
Antibodies contribute to immunity in three main ways: they can prevent pathogens from entering or damaging cells by binding to them; they can stimulate removal of a pathogen by macrophages and other cells by coating the pathogen; and they can trigger direct pathogen destruction by stimulating other immune responses such as the complement pathway.
Antibodies are proteins produced by specialized immune cells called B lymphocytes. Each B cell produces 1 type of antibody. B cells are so numerous and diverse, that the body can produce a virtually limitless array of antibodies to bind almost anything that we encounter.Antibodies bind to substances and neutralize them, and also help our white blood cells ingest and kill potentially harmful microbes. cells are so numerous and diverse, that the body can produce a virtually limitless array of antibodies to bind almost anything that we encounter. Antibodies bind to substances and neutralize them, and also help our white blood cells ingest and kill potentially harmful microbes.