Whether a given star is circumpolar at the observer's latitude (Î¸) may be calculated in terms of the star's declination (Î´). The star is circumpolar if Î¸+Î´ is greater than +90Â° (observer in northern hemisphere), or Î¸+Î´ is less than â90Â° (observer in southern hemisphere).
Countervailing duties. Countervailing duties (CVDs), also known as anti-subsidy duties, are trade import duties imposed under World Trade Organization (WTO) rules to neutralize the negative effects of subsidies. They are imposed after an investigation finds that a foreign country subsidizes its exports, injuring domestic producers in the importing country.
Duty of Care. A duty of care is owed to all foreseeable plaintiffs, which means that a reasonable person would have foreseen a risk of injury to the plaintiff under the circumstances. If such a duty exists, the standard of care is that of a reasonably careful or prudent person. In other words, a person's act or omission is measured against that of a reasonably careful person in similar circumstances. In certain circumstances, a person may be subjected to a heightened standard of care.