College courses are rated by credit hours. Generally, 1 hour per week of course time = 1 credit hour. So a course that meets 2 hours per day, 2 days per week would be 4 credit hours. (4 credits).
The Politics of Optimism Cynicism is often seen as a rebellious attitude in Western popular culture, but, cynicism in average people is the attitude exactly most likely to conform to the desires of the powerful--cynicism is obedience.
For the United States political party, see Republican Party (United States). For that party's ideology, see Political positions of the Republican Party. Republicanism is the guiding political philosophy of the United States. It has been a major part of American civic thought since its founding.