Onychia and Paronychia of the Toe â What You Can Do. The terms onychia and paronychia refer to a type of bacterial or fungal infection that strikes the fingernails and toenails. Onychia is an infection of the nail itself, which causes inflammation of the nail and swelling of the surrounding tissue. Paronychia is an infection of the surrounding tissue, where the nail meets the skin; a paronychia infection causes inflammation, and may also lead to the formation of pus-filled abscesses.
Deep Tendon Reflexes. Using a reflex hammer, deep tendon reflexes are elicited in all 4 extremities. Note the extent or power of the reflex, both visually and by palpation of the tendon or muscle in question.
In animals, including humans, the startle response is a largely unconscious defensive response to sudden or threatening stimuli, such as sudden noise or sharp movement, and is associated with negative affect.[1] Usually the onset of the startle response is a startle reflex reaction. The startle reflex is a brainstem reflectory reaction (reflex) that serves to protect vulnerable parts, such as the back of the neck (whole-body startle) and the eyes (eyeblink) and facilitates escape from sudden stimuli.