Insider Trading. Insider trading is a poorly defined concept with roots in adverse selection theory and the efficient market hypothesis (EMH). The popular notion is that insiders have an unfair advantage because they possess materially significant and non-public information â an informational asymmetry.
In format, a letter of guarantee is normally a short document that addresses a specific transaction. The text contains data that establishes the identity of the buyer, his or her relationship with the bank, and the nature and general value of the asset that is pledged as collateral.
Definition: A letter of credit is a financing agreement most commonly used for trade arrangements where goods are crossing international borders. The letter is intended to facilitate the transfer of funds between the buyer and the seller. Under this agreement, the bank of the importer (the issuing bank) authorizes a letter of credit document under which the bank of the exporter will be paid a certain amount if specific conditions are met.