Discounting principle. - Discounting principle: Discounting principle refers to a rule of Attribution which states that the perceived role of a cause will be discounted or reduced if other plausible causes are also present.
The Poisson Effect When a tensile stress is applied to a material, the material elongates in the direction of the applied stress, and contracts perpendicular to the direction of the applied stress. This relationship, called the Poisson effect, is a natural response to applied stress that occurs with all materials, but is particularly apparent with ductile materials. For example, when a metal bar is pulled in a tensile test, it stretches out and necks down on. the sides.
Poisson's ratio (letter v) is a measure of the contraction that happens when an object is stretched.or example, if a block is being stretched as shown in the image to the right, the equation for the poisson's ratio will be: Poisson's ratio ranges from 0.0-0.5 for common materials, though for materials with certain structures, can be as low as -1.