A. the activation energy barrier cannot be surmounted in most of the starch molecules. B. the hydrolysis of starch to sugar is endergonic. C. the starch solution has less free energy than the sugar solution. D. starch hydrolysis is nonspontaneous. E. starch cannot be hydrolyzed in the presence of so much water.
COPD can be diagnosed in adults as early as their 20's and 30's, but COPD diagnosis in people in their 40's is on the rise, says Dr. Neil Schachter, medical director of respiratory care at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. More than 12 million people in the United States have COPD. 2  Another 12 million have COPD but go undiagnosed. 3  COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S. and the only one in the top ten on the rise. 4  It is estimated that 80-90% of COPD cases are due to smoking.
Girls typically start to get acne when their hormones kick in (approximately 11 to 13 years old), which is about the time that they start their period. Boys start to get acne at the age of approximately 12 years, with a range of 9 to 15 years old. As most girls will attest, boys on average mature later than girls. Early on in the onset of teen acne, the main lesions are blackheads and whiteheads. Later in puberty, there is a higher incidence of inflammatory lesions.