Kidney Stones, also known as renal calculi, are hard masses that separate urine from the urinary tract. These stones can occur anywhere in the urinary tract, including the kidneys, bladder, ureters and urethra.
This fluid is called the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). When it leaks out, the pressure around the brain and spinal cord drops. Causes of leakage through the dura include: 1  Certain head, brain, or spinal surgeries.  Head injury.
Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) though the ear structures is a rare but potentially life-threatening situation that requires rapid intervention. The presence of an abnormal communication of the sterile subarachnoid space with the flora of the sinonasal tract places the patient at great risk for meningitis.