eroded volcanic lava, shattered into the sea making sand. basalt with gas creates fountains of lava, steep pile of cinders and bombs, small half mile across, stage 1 capable of 1 week long eruption, stage 2 gas runs out, lava flows out of base. [no gas]. examples mammoth & mono lake.
The most common causes of rib cage pain are a pulled muscle or bruised ribs. Other causes of rib cage pain are: 1  broken ribs. 2  injuries to the chest. 3  rib fracture. 4  diseases that affect the bones, such as osteoporosis. 5  inflamed lining of the lungs. 6  muscle spasms. 7  inflamed rib cartilage.
Broken Rib. Broken or fractured rib(s) on the left side causes pain during deep breathing and moving of the upper body. The main cause is trauma. Diagnosis is made by chest X-ray, but still some fractures can be missed since a broken rib may be only a crack in the rib, which does not necessary fall apart in two pieces.