In the latter case the resistance is caused by dissipation of mechanical energy when the configuration or the direction of flow is sharply changed, by the formation of vortices and secondary flows as a result of the flow breaking away, by the centrifugal forces, etc.
Animals depend on plants for food as plants produce food and energy which animals can't, so, herbivores eat plants to get energy, carnivores eat herbivores and other carnivores for energy and omnivores eat all four, plants, herbivores, carnivores and also other omnivores for energy.
Plants and animals need water from the hydrosphere, minerals from the lithosphere and gases from the atmosphere. The air, water, and land provide homes for all the various forms of life. Refer Image 3. The environment contains all the factors that surround and influence the biotic and abiotic things within it.