One of the two major political parties in the United States is the Democratic Party. The other major party is the Republican Party. The Democratic Party is known for its support of ethnic minorities, organized labor, and progressive reform.
Features were added to programming languages so that parts of a program could control the access to their data. Scope refers to the visibility of variables and methods in one part of a program to another part of that program. The importance and meaning of scope varies between languages, but there are two general scope concepts many languages have in common: local and global scope.
There are names for functions, names for variables, and so on. When a name appears, it either defines the meaning of the name or refers to a definition elsewhere. The scope of a definition is the part of the program over which the definition holds. Every programming language has its own rules for determining scope. For example, in the following bit of Python, the second line refers to the x that was defined on the first line.