A socio-ecological system consists of 'a bio-geo-physical' unit and its associated social actors and institutions.
Contribution Margin. Contribution margin is a productâs price minus all associated variable costs, resulting in the incremental profit earned for each unit sold. The total contribution margin generated by an entity represents the total earnings available to pay for fixed expenses and to generate a profit. The contribution margin concept is useful for deciding whether to allow a lower price in special pricing situations.
contribution margin ratio. This ratio indicates the percentage of each sales dollar that is available to cover a company's fixed expenses and profit.The ratio is calculated by dividing the contribution margin (sales minus all variable expenses) by sales.ontribution margin ratio. This ratio indicates the percentage of each sales dollar that is available to cover a company's fixed expenses and profit.