A socio-ecological system consists of 'a bio-geo-physical' unit and its associated social actors and institutions.
Contribution Margin. Contribution margin is a productâs price minus all associated variable costs, resulting in the incremental profit earned for each unit sold. The total contribution margin generated by an entity represents the total earnings available to pay for fixed expenses and to generate a profit. The contribution margin concept is useful for deciding whether to allow a lower price in special pricing situations.
Contribution margin (CM) is the amount by which sales revenue exceeds variable costs. It is the net amount that sales âcontributeâ towards periodic fixed costs and profits. It is expressed either as total contribution margin, contribution margin per unit or contribution margin ratio. Variable costs are costs which vary directly with sales.