The bone of the arm (humerus) meets both the ulna (the inner bone of the forearm) and radius (the outer bone of the forearm) to form a hinge joint at the elbow. The radius and ulna also meet one another in the elbow to permit a small amount of rotation of the forearm.
The emigres were those who helped to spur on the revolution. People were tired of being poor and watching the royalty get richer without any work.
Peninsulares were Spaniards that immigrated to the so-called New World between the 16th and 18th century. This group was at the pinnacle of the social structure that was created within the colonial order of the Americas.