The Sumerians are thought to have formed the first human civilization in world history. They lived in southern Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the Middle East. Cradle of Civilization. Many historians think that cities and towns were first formed in Sumer around 5000 BC.
At noon, on March 21 and September 23rd are the vernal and autumnal equinoxes. The sun is directly overhead at the equator at these times. On June 22nd is the summer solstice, in the Northern Hemisphere. The sun is at the 23.5 degrees Northern latitude.
For instance, Hipparchus gave the following information: for the region where the longest daylight is sixteen hours, the maximum altitude of the sun above the horizon at winter solstice is nine cubits; for M=seventeen hours, it is six cubits, for M=eighteen hours, four cubits, and for M=nineteen hours, three cubits.