A. the activation energy barrier cannot be surmounted in most of the starch molecules. B. the hydrolysis of starch to sugar is endergonic. C. the starch solution has less free energy than the sugar solution. D. starch hydrolysis is nonspontaneous. E. starch cannot be hydrolyzed in the presence of so much water.
COPD can be diagnosed in adults as early as their 20's and 30's, but COPD diagnosis in people in their 40's is on the rise, says Dr. Neil Schachter, medical director of respiratory care at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. More than 12 million people in the United States have COPD. 2  Another 12 million have COPD but go undiagnosed. 3  COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S. and the only one in the top ten on the rise. 4  It is estimated that 80-90% of COPD cases are due to smoking.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disorder with mild symptoms that get worse over time and there's no cure. Lifestyle changes and treatments, however, can slow it down. In 2000, 3.9% of the U.S. population between the ages of 25â44 were living with COPD; that number was 7.7% for those between ages 55â64, and 9.5% in people over 74 years of age. While smoking is a major risk factor, more than 15% of people who develop COPD have never smoked.