When the PSA block is combined with the anterior superior alveolar (ASA) block using an infraorbital approach, often referred to as the infraorbital (IO) block, the entire maxillary arch on one side may be anesthetized (except palatal tissues).
In 1878, Willard won the presidency of the Illinois WCTU, and the next year, Frances Willard became president of the national WCTU, following Annie Wittenmyer. Willard remained president of the national WCTU until her death. In 1883, Frances Willard was one of the founders of the World's WCTU. She supported herself with lecturing until 1886 when the WCTU granted her a salary.
In 1879 Wittenmyer, who opposed such a move, was replaced by Willard. For the next two decades Willard led the temperance movement as the WCTU became one of the largest and most influential womenâs groups of the 19th century. She expanded the organizationâs platform to include such issues as labour laws and prison reform, and in 1891 she became president of the World WCTU (founded 1883).