Carrie Chapman Catt was an American women's suffrage leader who campaigned for the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave U.S. women the right to vote in 1920. Catt served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association and was the founder of the League of Women Voters and the International Alliance of Women. She led an army of voteless women in 1919 to pressure Congress to pass the constitutional amendment giving them the right to vote and convinced
Ionic bonding. Sodium is an alkali metal, and chlorine is a halogen. This means that sodium contains one electron in its outer orbital and chlorine contains seven electrons in its outer orbital. One electron moves from the sodium atom and attaches to the chlorine atom to fill its outer orbital.This is the creation of two ions (sodium Na+ and chloride Cl-) and the result is table salt.ne electron moves from the sodium atom and attaches to the chlorine atom to fill its outer orbital. This is the creation of two ions (sodium Na+ and chloride Cl-) and the result is table salt.
The Reaction between Sodium and Chlorine. Chlorine has 7 electrons in its outer shell. It is in group 7 of the periodic table. When an atom of chlorine reacts it will gain one electron from sodium. The outer shell of chlorine will then have 8 electrons and be full. The chloride ion will have an extra electron and therefore an extra negative charge (shown as a - sign). What is an Ionic Bond? The electrostatic force of attraction between the oppositely charged ions is called an ionic bond. The electrons are shown as dots and crosses to show how they have moved during the reaction. In reality all electrons are identical. The balanced chemical equation for the above reaction is. sodium + chlorine sodium chloride.