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The vertical line is known as the y axis. It is nothing more than a measuring stick to count how far up or down a point is from the horizontal line. The horizontal line, then, is known as the x axis and measures the distance left or right from the vertical line.
Definition of X-Axis. The coordinate plane is formed by the intersection of two number lines, a horizontal number line and a vertical number line. The horizontal number line is called the x-axis. The equation of x-axis is y = 0. The y-coordinate or ordinate of every point on x-axis is equal to 0. The figure shows the coordinate plane formed by the intersection of the x- and y- axes. Their point of intersection is called the origin.