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The vertical line is known as the y axis. It is nothing more than a measuring stick to count how far up or down a point is from the horizontal line. The horizontal line, then, is known as the x axis and measures the distance left or right from the vertical line.
To plot a single point on the axis, we start with a coordinate, which is a pair of points each representing a distance travelled on an axis. The x-axis comes first, and then the y-axis. For the point (1,2), the x- coordinate is 1 and the y- coordinate is 2. Any other point is plotted in the exact same manner. The plot below has several points marked, some with missing coordinates.