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The vertical line is known as the y axis. It is nothing more than a measuring stick to count how far up or down a point is from the horizontal line. The horizontal line, then, is known as the x axis and measures the distance left or right from the vertical line.
A graph commonly consists of two axes called the x-axis (horizontal) and y-axis (vertical). Each axis corresponds to one variable. The axes are labelled with different names, such as Price and Quantity. The place where the two axes intersect is called the origin. The origin is also identified as the point (0,0). A point on a graph represents a relationship. Each point is defined by a pair of numbers containing two co-ordinates (x and y). A co-ordinate is one of a set of numbers used to identify the location of a point on a graph.