Psychology Glossary. Genotype. The total set of genes contained within an organisms cells. Organisms contain some genes that are expressed (you can consider the expressed to mean that the gene is active or being used) and some that are not. Regardless, all the genes an organism has are considered the genotype.
Mars' closest approach to the Earth is called opposition, and occurs roughly every 780 days.
How far away is Mars? To determine how long it will take to reach Mars, we must first know the distance between the two planets. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun, and the second closest to Earth (Venus is the closest). But the distance between the two planets is constantly changing as they travel around the sun.