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The vertical line is known as the y axis. It is nothing more than a measuring stick to count how far up or down a point is from the horizontal line. The horizontal line, then, is known as the x axis and measures the distance left or right from the vertical line.
In this graph, the y axis represents the axis of symmetry and the height of the parabola/base arch. The x axis represents the ground beneath the Eiffel tower. The vertex of my graph is (0,57), the maximum. It represents the base arch's full height.