The loudest? In his new book Extreme Cosmos (Perigee, 2012), astronomer Bryan Gaensler reveals the cosmic record holders of these and many other titles. In an excerpt below, from the chapter Extremes of Temperature, Gaensler explains the physics behind some of the hottest stars known:
Double Displacement Reactions: Forming Precipitate Lab Answers ; Percentage Yield Lab Answers ; ORGANIC REACTIONS ; Rate of Reaction of HCl & Mg Lab Answers ; Concentration & Rate Factors Lab Answers
A subject receives a rating according to his raw reaction times factored against a base state calculated from preparation for testing, life experience, age, physical fitness and state of attention. Scientists commonly test to measure reaction times for four different types of reactions: reflex, simple, complex and discriminative. Because reflex reactions, such as eye blinks, are instinctive, they usually take the shortest time. Simple reactions, which also have short reaction times, are those to ordinary, everyday stimuli, such as the response to a traffic light turning from red to green. Complex reactions, where a subject has to choose among multiple responses, have longer reaction times and involve choosing the appropriate response based on experience, but without advanced planning.