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A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic solid material comprising metal, nonmetal or metalloid atoms primarily held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from highly oriented to semi-crystalline, and often completely amorphous (e.g., glasses). Ceramics are also more chemically resistant and can be used in wet environments where steel bearings would rust. 2  In some cases, their electricity-insulating properties may also be valuable in bearings. 3  Two drawbacks to ceramic bearings are a significantly higher cost and susceptibility to damage under shock loads.
Ceramic tiles are any kiln-fired clay-based tiles. Porcelain tile is a specific type of ceramic tile. It is made from porcelain clay and is fired at extremely high temperatures. It is a very dense tile and virtually does not absorb water. Porcelain is the hardest and strongest commercial tile available. The average PEI rating of porcelain is 5. Non-porcelain ceramic is made from various red and white clays. It does not need to be fired at as high a temperature, and is not as durable or moisture resistant as porcelain. The average PEI range of non-Porcelain tiles is 0-3./p> What is a ceramic tile PEI rating? The PEI (Porcelain Enamel Institute) uses a 0-5 rating system for the abrasion resistance of ceramic tile: