What action by president lincoln most angered the radical reoublicans in congress.
Shares also trade in a secondary market on stock exchanges. A company can increase or decrease the number of shares outstanding without an IPO through stock splits and reverse splits. In all cases, the beneficiary of reverse split activity is the management of the company performing the reverse split. Shareholders may or may not benefit depending on the specifics of the reverse split.
In return for your investment, you have certain voting rights to help shape the direction of the company. However certain procedures, such as stock splits, are reserved for the board of directors. A forward stock split is a maneuver where you will suddenly find more shares of company stock in your portfolio.