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That is, water has a high heat of vaporization, the amount of energy needed to change one gram of a liquid substance to a gas at constant temperature. Waterâs heat of vaporization is around 540 cal/g at 100 Â°C, water's boiling point. Note that some molecules of water â ones that happen to have high kinetic energy â will escape from the surface of the water even at lower temperatures.
Evaporation happens when the liquid gets to its boiling point, for example the boiling point of water is 100 C. When the water gets to 100 C it cannot get any higher so the water evaporates. Which means that the liquid water has enough heat energy to leave its other particles.