APIs often come in the form of a library that includes specifications for routines, data structures, object classes, and variables. In other cases, notably SOAP and REST services, an API is simply a specification of remote calls exposed to the API consumers.
The inventor of the photographic process in which a photograph produced without a negative by exposing objects to light on light sensitive paper, is named Man Ray.
He invented photography, by noticing, exploiting, and refining chemical reactions caused by light to produce permanent images. He began his work in 1813, and made the first negative photographic image in 1816, though the image was not permanent and faded quickly.