What action by president lincoln most angered the radical reoublicans in congress.
Shares also trade in a secondary market on stock exchanges. A company can increase or decrease the number of shares outstanding without an IPO through stock splits and reverse splits. In all cases, the beneficiary of reverse split activity is the management of the company performing the reverse split. Shareholders may or may not benefit depending on the specifics of the reverse split.
Reverse stock split. If a company's stock is trading at a low price, the company may decide to reduce the number of existing shares and increase their price by consolidating the shares. For example, a 1-for-2 reverse stock split halves the number of existing shares and doubles the price.