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Genetic code. The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. Specifically, the code defines a mapping between tri-nucleotide sequences called codons and amino acids; every triplet of nucleotides in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid.
). The sequence of the The cell reads the DNA code in groups of three bases. There are 20 different amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Different proteins are made up of different combinations of amino acids. Only 61 of the 64 codons are used to specify which of the 20 amino acids is next to be added. There are three codons that donât code for an amino acid. These codons mark the end of the protein and stop the addition of amino acids to the end of the protein chain.