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Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) are unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar shaped cells that conduct action potentials toward or into the central nervous system. They carry somatic nervous system signals from the skin, joints, skeletal muscles, sensory organs (eyes, ears, mouth, and nose). They also carry autonomic nerous system signals from the visceral organs (heart, lungs, vessels, etc).
Sensory nerves carry signals from organs that respond to stimuli to the spinal cord and brain. The information that travels from one point to another does so via the central nervous system. The nerve cells that make up the sensory nerves are commonly known as sensory neurons. These particular neurons are one of three different types of neurons that are found within the body. The other two neurons are known as relay neurons and motor neurons. Relay neurons carry messages from on segment of the central nervous system to another while motor neurons carry signals from the central nervous system to effectors, which is an organ that has a particular effect when it is stimulated.