In the English law of tort, professional negligence is a subset of the general rules on negligence to cover the situation in which the defendant has represented him or herself as having more than average skills and abilities.
For decades, anesthesiologists advised patients not to eat or drink after midnight the night before surgeryâa guideline referred to as âNPO after midnight.â But many doctors now believe that some food and drinks, like tea or coffee without milk or cream, may be acceptable prior to a procedure.
The midnight cutoff was applied to both eating and drinking sometime in the 1960s, âalthough the reasons for it have been lost in the mists of time,â the authors wrote. Before that, clear liquids had long been permitted until two hours before surgery.