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Osteoarthritis (OA) occurs when the cartilage (a tough, but flexible spongy tissue at the ends of bones in the affected joint) doesnât work as well as it should, this causes the ends of bones glide against each other with more friction. This joint disease manifests itself by generating some symptoms.n diagnosing OA, physical examination is usually the first step. In this procedure, your doctor will closely evaluate and examine the affected joint physically through symptoms that appear. The following are some major concern that will be closely evaluated in physical examination: 1  The level of jointâs range motion!
Joints Often Affected by Osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a condition in which the cartilage that protects and cushions the joints breaks down over time. Eventually, the bones-formerly separated by the cartilage-rub against each other. This results in damage to the tissue and bone and causes painful joint symptoms.Osteoarthritis, sometimes called degenerative joint disease or osteoarthrosis, is the most common form of arthritis. It most often affects the joints of the spine, fingers, thumbs, hips, knees, or toes.By Healthwise Staff.steoarthritis, sometimes called degenerative joint disease or osteoarthrosis, is the most common form of arthritis. It most often affects the joints of the spine, fingers, thumbs, hips, knees, or toes. By Healthwise Staff.