In most plants, pitted tracheids function as the primary transport cells. The other type of tracheary element, besides the tracheid, is the vessel element. Vessel elements are joined by perforations into vessels. In vessels, water travels by bulk flow, as in a pipe, rather than by diffusion through cell membranes.
A federal law, the Equal Pay Act (EPA), requires employers to pay men and women equally for doing the same work -- equal pay for equal work.The Equal Pay Act was passed in 1963 as an amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act and can be found at 29 U.S.C. Â§ 206.he EPA was passed one year before Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Both laws prohibit wage discrimination based on gender, but Title VII goes beyond ensuring equal pay to barring discrimination in all aspects of employment, including hiring, firing, promotion, and more.
(The only right that the Constitution specifically affirms to be equal for women and men is the right to vote by the 19th Amendment of 1920.) The 14th Amendmentâs equal protection clause has never been interpreted to guarantee equal rights for women as the Equal Rights Amendment would do.nother reason to reopen the debate and adopt an Equal Rights Amendment is the current discrimination between women and menâs wages. It has been shown that women are paid 77 cents to every dollar earned by men fifty years after President John F. Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act.