In addition, the handler in the Novice A class must never have won an AKC Obedience title on any dog handled by him. Optional Titling classes offered at these trials are Versatility. A qualifying score is required for the awarding of ribbons and prizes in this class. Non-Regular classes offered at these trials are Veterans, Pre-Novice, Wild Card Novice, Wild Card Open, and Wild Card Utility.
Gallstones develop when cholesterol and other substances in the bile form crystals that become hard stones in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small sac located just under the liver. Gallstones can occur when your gallbladder does not empty properly or if you have too much cholesterol in your bile.
There are four main types of stones: 1  Calcium oxalate: The most common type of kidney stone which is created when calcium combines with oxalate in the urine. 2  Inadequate calcium and fluid intake, as well other conditions, may contribute to their formation.3  Uric acid: This is another common type of kidney stone.ut stones that don't move may cause a back-up of urine in the kidney, ureter, the bladder, or the urethra. This is what causes the pain. Possible causes include drinking too little water, exercise (too much or too little), obesity, weight loss surgery, or eating food with too much salt or sugar.