In addition, the handler in the Novice A class must never have won an AKC Obedience title on any dog handled by him. Optional Titling classes offered at these trials are Versatility. A qualifying score is required for the awarding of ribbons and prizes in this class. Non-Regular classes offered at these trials are Veterans, Pre-Novice, Wild Card Novice, Wild Card Open, and Wild Card Utility.
Gallstones develop when cholesterol and other substances in the bile form crystals that become hard stones in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small sac located just under the liver. Gallstones can occur when your gallbladder does not empty properly or if you have too much cholesterol in your bile.
Gallstones are stones or lumps that develop in the gallbladder or bile duct when substances in there harden. Some of the chemicals which exist in the gallbladder, such as cholesterol, calcium bilirubinate, and calcium carbonate, solidify into either one large stone or several small ones. Pigment gallstones-these form when the bile has too much bilirubin. 2  They are more common among patients who have liver disease, infected bile tubes or blood disorders, such as sickle-cell anemia.