In most plants, pitted tracheids function as the primary transport cells. The other type of tracheary element, besides the tracheid, is the vessel element. Vessel elements are joined by perforations into vessels. In vessels, water travels by bulk flow, as in a pipe, rather than by diffusion through cell membranes.
A federal law, the Equal Pay Act (EPA), requires employers to pay men and women equally for doing the same work -- equal pay for equal work.The Equal Pay Act was passed in 1963 as an amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act and can be found at 29 U.S.C. Â§ 206.he EPA was passed one year before Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Both laws prohibit wage discrimination based on gender, but Title VII goes beyond ensuring equal pay to barring discrimination in all aspects of employment, including hiring, firing, promotion, and more.
Equal Rights Amendment. The Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution was first proposed in the United States Congress in December 1923. It was promoted by Alice Paul and National Women's party, but opposed by many of their colleagues who had worked to pass the Nineteenth Amendment (women's suffrage) in 1920.y then the Legacy of the 1960s revolution in civil rights seemed to assure the amendment's passage. Indeed, twenty-two states ratified it that first year. Most of these were states which had already resolved in favor of women's rights by enacting equal protective labor legislation for men and women.