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Sensory neurons (afferent neurons) are unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar shaped cells that conduct action potentials toward or into the central nervous system. They carry somatic nervous system signals from the skin, joints, skeletal muscles, sensory organs (eyes, ears, mouth, and nose). They also carry autonomic nerous system signals from the visceral organs (heart, lungs, vessels, etc).
1. Sensory neurons send impulses from sensory receptors to inform the CNS of a stimulus. A sensory receptor is a structure that recognises a change in its environment. Sensory neurons have long dendrites and short axons.mpulses that are sent along neurons are called action potentials. An action potential (also known as an impulse) is the electrical current that travels the length of an axon when a neuron has been stimulated. At rest the membrane inside of a neuron has a negative charge. This is called the resting membrane potential.