A doffer is someone who removes bobbins, pirns or spindles holding spun fiber such as cotton or wool from a spinning frame and replaces them with empty ones. Historically, spinners, doffers, and sweepers each had separate tasks that were required in the manufacture of spun textiles. From the early days of the industrial revolution, this work, which requires speed and dexterity rather than strength, was often done by children. After World War I, the practice of employing children declined, ending
For a plant organ to bend in response to a stimulus, differential growth of cells on either side of the organ is required. For example, for the stem of a plant to bend toward a light source, cells on the shaded side of the stem near the shoot tip must elongate faster than cells on the lighted side.
The pitchers of the tropical carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata are highly specialized organs for the attraction and capture of insects and absorption of nutrients from them.This study examined the structure and development of these pitchers, with particular focus on the nectaries and digestive glands.s carefully examined by Darwin (1875) â , carnivorous plants attract and trap insects, then breakdown and absorb the by-products (reviewed in Juniper, Robins, and Joel, 1989 â). Surprisingly different trap morphologies have evolved in carnivorous plants for the capture of insects.